發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-07 15:03

  本文選題：溶膠-凝膠法 + 硅溶膠�。� 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：粘膠纖維作為再生纖維素纖維中的重要品種,被應(yīng)用于服用面料、內(nèi)衣、裝飾等多個領(lǐng)域,不僅可以提供合成纖維所不具有的優(yōu)異性能,還可以彌補(bǔ)棉織物等天然纖維產(chǎn)量上的不足,一直占有一定的市場份額。隨著消費(fèi)者的需求越來越高,功能織物逐漸成為研究的熱點(diǎn),而拒水改性是其中重要部分。拒水整理劑中,含氟拒水劑因其拒水、拒油效果都很好,得到廣泛應(yīng)用,但是其原料PFOS和PFOA對人體及環(huán)境都有害,開發(fā)無氟拒水劑具有重要的意義。溶膠-凝膠法是無氟拒水整理的一種新的思路,引起廣泛關(guān)注,用這種新方法代替含氟拒水劑具有重要意義。本文采用溶膠-凝膠法制備硅溶膠,用其整理粘膠纖維織物,構(gòu)筑粗糙表面,選用無氟拒水劑進(jìn)行低表面能修飾,對粘膠纖維進(jìn)行拒水改性研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)選擇正硅酸乙酯為前驅(qū)體,氨水為催化劑,乙醇作為共溶劑制備硅溶膠;研究硅球粒徑及多分散指數(shù)(PDI)對拒水性能的影響,結(jié)果表明,拒水性不僅受到硅球粒徑的影響,也很大程度上取決于粒徑分布的均勻性,硅球粒徑在160-190nm范圍內(nèi),同時(shí)PDI在0.06以下,可以獲得良好的拒水效果。論文還系統(tǒng)探討了硅溶膠的制備條件及影響因素。在本體系中,最佳條件為:n(TEOS:H2O:C2H5OH:氨水)為1:5:12:0.3,反應(yīng)溫度為40℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為1.5h。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,僅僅通過浸軋硅溶膠制得的織物具有高度的親水性,必須經(jīng)過低表面能修飾,才能賦予織物拒水性。本文研究聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)、端羥基聚二甲基硅氧烷(HSO)、N-β-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷(AEAPS)低表面能修飾劑對織物性能的影響,并與不同碳鏈長度的烷基硅氧烷進(jìn)行比較。發(fā)現(xiàn)HSO和AEAPS不僅拒水效果優(yōu)于烷基硅氧烷,而且還可以賦予織物優(yōu)良的手感。制備出超疏水織物所需的AEAPS用量少于HSO用量,但HSO整理織物抗黃變性能優(yōu)于AEAPS。采用HSO改性硅溶膠直接整理織物和先用硅溶膠浸軋織物構(gòu)筑粗糙表面再用HSO溶液處理的分步整理法均可獲得超疏水粘膠纖維織物,但分步法制得的織物拒水功能耐洗性優(yōu)于直接法。通過對拒水整理工藝的研究,得出最佳整理?xiàng)l件為:以質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為2%的HSO或質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.5%的AEAPS為整理液,將Sol-粘膠纖維織物浸漬其中15min,二浸二軋(軋余率70%),80℃烘干,130℃焙烘5min,在此條件下制得的粘膠纖維與水的接觸角大于150°,經(jīng)20次洗滌接觸角仍然保持在130°以上。
[Abstract]:As an important variety of regenerated cellulose fiber, viscose fiber is used in many fields, such as wearing fabric, underwear, decoration and so on. It can not only provide excellent properties that synthetic fiber does not have. Can also make up for cotton fabrics and other natural fiber production deficiencies, has been occupying a certain market share. With the increasing demand of consumers, functional fabrics gradually become the focus of research, and water-repellent modification is an important part. Water repellent agent containing fluorine has been widely used because of its good water repellent and oil repellent effect, but PFOS and PFOA are harmful to human body and environment, so it is of great significance to develop water repellent without fluorine. The sol-gel method is a new idea for fluorine-free water-repellent finishing, which has attracted wide attention. It is of great significance to use this new method to replace fluorine-containing water repellent. In this paper, silica sol was prepared by sol-gel method, which was used to finish viscose fiber fabric, to construct rough surface, to modify viscose fiber with low surface energy by using fluorine-free water repellent agent, and to study water repellent modification of viscose fiber. Silica sol was prepared by using ethyl orthosilicate as precursor, ammonia as catalyst and ethanol as co-solvent. The effects of particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) on water repellent properties were studied. The results showed that the water repellency was not only affected by the diameter of silica spheres, but also by polydispersity index (PDI). The particle size is in the range of 160-190nm and the particle size is less than 0.06, which can obtain good water repellent effect. The preparation conditions and influencing factors of silica sol were also discussed. In this system, the optimum conditions are: 1: 5: 12: 0.3, reaction temperature 40 鈩，

本文編號：2105328