本文選題：墻體裝飾材料 + 非木植物纖維　； 參考：《華南理工大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：以非木植物纖維原料制備可降解的墻體裝飾材料，既可解決因燃燒導致的資源浪費和環(huán)境污染問題，又可以提高產(chǎn)品的內在價值，具有較重要的理論和實際意義。本論文研究了植物纖維阻燃墻體裝飾材料的制備條件以及添加阻燃劑增強阻燃性能，實驗研究過程和主要結論如下： 以竹漿和蔗渣漿為原料，采用纖維模塑熱壓成型制得環(huán)保墻體裝飾材料。實驗研究表明：隨著竹漿添加量的增加，漿料在成型過程中濾水速度加快，極大縮短了成形周期，并且制得的墻體裝飾材料的挺度、抗張指數(shù)、耐破指數(shù)均呈先逐漸增大后緩慢減小的趨勢。當竹漿的添加量為70%（質量分數(shù)）時，挺度、抗張強度、耐破指數(shù)均達到最大，分別比純蔗渣漿制得的墻體裝飾材料分別提高了77.02%，26.69%和21.77%。材料表面微觀結構采用SEM進行了表征。 通過搓磨分絲和高濃磨漿工藝技術制得稻草、桉木、竹機械漿，再分別和蔗渣化學漿混合制備模塑墻體裝飾材料。研究了稻草、桉木、竹機械漿的添加對模塑墻體裝飾材料的抗張強度、耐破度、挺度、外觀顏色等物理性能的影響。 將糊化好的淀粉加入到分散好的無機阻燃粉溶液中的覆膜方法是最為有效可行的。實驗表明：陽離子淀粉預處理氫氧化鋁（以下簡稱FA）后增大了其粒徑。探討了陽離子淀粉和FA不同添加量及添加方式對材料灰分的影響，以及預處理方式對纖維模塑墻體裝飾材料的白度、耐破、挺度和抗張等物理強度的影響。并對濾水性能進行研究，，最后利用TGA、SEM等手段探討阻燃機理。 此外還得出，未處理的氫氧化鎂（以下簡稱FM）顆粒大小分布不是很均勻，存在大顆粒物，預處理后FM粒徑變大。探討了陽離子淀粉和FM不同添加量及添加方式對材料灰分的影響，以及預處理FM后對纖維模塑墻體裝飾材料的白度、耐破、挺度和抗張等物理強度的影響。并對濾水性能進行研究，最后利用TGA、SEM等手段初步探討了阻燃機理。
[Abstract]:The preparation of degradable wall decoration materials from non-wood and vegetable fiber materials can not only solve the problems of waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by combustion, but also improve the intrinsic value of products. It has important theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, the preparation conditions of plant fiber flame-retardant wall decoration materials and the flame retardants were studied. The experimental process and main conclusions were as follows: bamboo pulp and bagasse pulp were used as raw materials. Environmental protection wall decoration material was made by fiber molding and hot pressing. The experimental results show that with the increase of the amount of bamboo pulp, the water filtration speed of the slurry in the molding process is accelerated, the forming cycle is greatly shortened, and the stiffness and tensile index of the wall decoration materials are obtained. The burst resistance index increased gradually and then decreased slowly. When the content of bamboo pulp was 70% (mass fraction), the stiffness, tensile strength and breaking resistance index of bamboo pulp reached the maximum, which increased 77.02% and 21.77%, respectively, compared with the pure bagasse pulp. The surface microstructure was characterized by SEM. Straw, eucalyptus and bamboo mechanical pulp were prepared by twisting and separating silk and high consistency pulp, and then mixed with bagasse chemical pulp to prepare molded wall decoration material. The effects of straw, eucalyptus and bamboo mechanical pulp on the tensile strength, breaking resistance, stiffness, appearance color and other physical properties of molded wall decoration materials were studied. It is most effective and feasible to add the gelatinized starch into the dispersed inorganic flame retardant powder solution. The results showed that the size of aluminum hydroxide (FA) was increased after pretreatment with cationic starch. The effects of different contents of cationic starch and FA on ash content of materials and the effects of pretreatment on the physical strength such as whiteness, breaking resistance, stiffness and tensile resistance of fiber molded wall decoration materials were discussed. Finally, the flame retardant mechanism was studied by means of TGA SEM. It is also found that the size distribution of untreated magnesium hydroxide (FM) particles is not uniform, and the size of FM particles becomes larger after pretreatment. The effects of different amount of cationic starch and FM on ash content of materials and the effects of pretreatment FM on the physical strength such as whiteness, breaking resistance, stiffness and tensile resistance of fiber molded wall decoration materials were discussed. Finally, the flame retardant mechanism was preliminarily discussed by means of TGA SEM.
【學位授予單位】：華南理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TU564;TU545

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本文編號：2070903