本文選題：室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì) + 家居裝修�。� 參考：《青島理工大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代社會生活中,人們80%～90%的時間是在室內(nèi)度過的,所以室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)的好壞直接影響到人們的生產(chǎn)和生活。而國內(nèi)外的調(diào)查表明眾多建筑的室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)存在較大問題,室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)的研究已成為現(xiàn)代建筑科學(xué)和空調(diào)工程的前沿課題,它涉及醫(yī)學(xué)衛(wèi)生、建筑環(huán)境工程、建筑設(shè)計等多方面,研究的目的是創(chuàng)造一種衛(wèi)生、健康、舒適的室內(nèi)環(huán)境。因此,對室內(nèi)空氣品質(zhì)的研究具有很重要的意義。 本文首先介紹了目前課題研究的進展,而后建立起一套通用的裝修材料散發(fā)有害物的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并對相關(guān)參數(shù)的意義及算法加以說明。之后從數(shù)學(xué)模型入手,創(chuàng)建出一種程序計算與CFD仿真相結(jié)合的模擬方法,并以甲醛為有害物的代表,在一套實際房型的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合各種因素,對木地板散發(fā)甲醛的整個過程進行模擬,并將房間中的甲醛濃度結(jié)合實測值進行對比,吻合情況較好,說明模擬方法有較強的可靠性。 本文模擬過程中首先建立起房間的模型,而后運用CFD仿真得到地板表面的空氣流速,從而可以得到甲醛的平均對流傳質(zhì)系數(shù)。之后通過編程以及曲線擬合可以得到地板甲醛散發(fā)率的公式,將其用FLUENT當(dāng)中的UDF(用戶自定義函數(shù))功能嵌入地板當(dāng)中再次進行CFD仿真,就可以得到室內(nèi)甲醛濃度的分布情況。因為程序迭代計算的前提是空間內(nèi)部甲醛濃度均勻,因此跟實際情況有所偏差,可以對比CFD仿真結(jié)果將平均濃度加以修正,從而簡化模擬過程。最后分析了房間有害物濃度檢測的各個條件,并對此過程進行模擬,可以計算出正常通風(fēng)情況下房間甲醛濃度達到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所用的時間。 本文通過對木地板散發(fā)甲醛的模擬研究,可以看出整個過程與很多因素相關(guān)。在正常通風(fēng)情況下,甲醛的散發(fā)率以及房間內(nèi)的濃度自初始時刻是一個急劇衰減的過程,在數(shù)十小時之后相對穩(wěn)定。同時,地板內(nèi)部靠近空氣一側(cè)的甲醛濃度降低明顯,較深的部分甲醛濃度依然可以保持在初始值,所以只要停止通風(fēng)一段時間,甲醛的散發(fā)率和房間內(nèi)的濃度仍然可以回到較高的水平。對于不同的房間,通風(fēng)情況良好的房間往往發(fā)散過程衰減的比較迅速,而通風(fēng)較差的房間整個過程會有相對的延遲。在房間的不同部位,由于通風(fēng)情況不盡相同,其濃度也會存在較大差異。因此對于一個裝修完畢的房間,盡可能地加強各部分的通風(fēng)是針對室內(nèi)裝修空氣污染的最簡單可行的方法。 本文在模擬方法上所做的創(chuàng)新盡管有所不足,但是對于模擬房間內(nèi)部有害物濃度分布以及分析其與各個因素之間關(guān)系,可靠性較強,在現(xiàn)階段對于家居裝修有害物控制這個課題有著很強的實用價值。
[Abstract]:In modern social life, people spend 90% of their time indoors, so the quality of indoor air directly affects people's production and life. The investigation at home and abroad shows that there are great problems in indoor air quality of many buildings. The study of indoor air quality has become the frontier subject of modern building science and air conditioning engineering. It involves medical hygiene and building environment engineering. The purpose of the research is to create a hygienic, healthy and comfortable indoor environment. Therefore, the study of indoor air quality is of great significance. This paper first introduces the progress of the present research, and then establishes a general mathematical model of the harmful substances emitted by decoration materials, and explains the significance and algorithm of the related parameters. Then, starting with the mathematical model, a simulation method combining program calculation and CFD simulation is established, and taking formaldehyde as the representative of the harmful substance, on the basis of a set of actual housing type, combined with various factors, The whole process of formaldehyde emission from wood floor is simulated, and the formaldehyde concentration in the room is compared with the measured value. The result shows that the simulation method has strong reliability. In this paper, the model of the room is established firstly, then the air velocity on the floor surface is obtained by CFD simulation, and the average convection mass transfer coefficient of formaldehyde can be obtained. Then the formula of formaldehyde emission rate of floor can be obtained by programming and curve fitting. The distribution of indoor formaldehyde concentration can be obtained by embedding the function of UDF (user defined function) in FLUENT into the floor and emulating it again with CFD. Because the premise of the iterative calculation is that the formaldehyde concentration in the space is uniform, there is a deviation from the actual situation, so the average concentration can be modified by comparing with the simulation results of CFD, thus simplifying the simulation process. Finally, the conditions for the detection of indoor harmful substance concentration are analyzed, and the process is simulated to calculate the time for the formaldehyde concentration in the room to reach the standard under normal ventilation conditions. In this paper, through the simulation of wood floor formaldehyde emission, we can see that the whole process is related to many factors. Under normal ventilation the formaldehyde emission rate and the concentration in the room are a rapid decay process from the initial moment and are relatively stable after several decades. At the same time, the formaldehyde concentration inside the floor near the air side decreased significantly, and the deeper part of the formaldehyde concentration remained at the initial value, so as long as the ventilation stopped for a period of time, Formaldehyde emission rates and room concentrations can still return to higher levels. For different rooms, the room with good ventilation tends to decay rapidly during the divergence process, while the room with poor ventilation will have a relative delay in the whole process. In different parts of the room, because of the different ventilation conditions, its concentration will also exist great difference. Therefore, for a decorated room, it is the simplest and feasible method to strengthen the ventilation of every part of the room as far as possible. Although the innovation of the simulation method in this paper is insufficient, it is more reliable to simulate the concentration distribution of harmful substances in the room and to analyze the relationship between the distribution of harmful substances and various factors. At the present stage, there is a strong practical value for the control of household decoration hazards.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：X51

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本文編號：1796933