本文選題：裝飾木材 + 表面特性��； 參考：《福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 木材具有大自然賦予的獨(dú)特美感以及優(yōu)越的材料特性,在室內(nèi)環(huán)境裝飾及家具制作等方面發(fā)揮舉足輕重的作用。本論文借鑒心理物理學(xué)方法進(jìn)行裝飾木材美感度單因素分析,并構(gòu)建了裝飾木材美感度模型。比較分析了筒狀非洲楝、古夷蘇木、水曲柳、杉木4種常用裝飾木材素材表面特性的差異;系統(tǒng)分析了微波處理前后4種常用裝飾木材表面特性的差異以及4種常用裝飾木材素材與微波處理材在加速老化過(guò)程中表面特性的變化規(guī)律;應(yīng)用紅外光譜法測(cè)定分析裝飾木材微波處理和加速老化處理前后表面特性變化的機(jī)理。 4種常用裝飾木材素材表面特性分析表明,在CIE(1976)L*a*b*色空間中,筒狀非洲楝和古夷蘇木明度L*平均值較低,這兩種木材屬于深材色樹(shù)種,其獨(dú)有的高雅華貴色調(diào),營(yíng)造出一種法式宮廷的韻味,給人予深沉、穩(wěn)重、肅雅之感;杉木明度L*平均值為70.28,屬于較高明度。淺色系的水曲柳和杉木作為家具和室內(nèi)裝飾材料讓人感到明快、整潔、高雅和舒暢。從整體分布情況來(lái)看,4種常用裝飾木材的a*和b*都分布在0以上的范圍,明度分布在40以上的范圍,色調(diào)標(biāo)號(hào)都分布在YR的區(qū)間。單位時(shí)間內(nèi)4種常用裝飾木材表面接觸角的變化率可知,古夷蘇木和水曲柳的表面潤(rùn)濕性大于筒狀非洲楝和杉木。 裝飾木材美感度單因素分析,結(jié)果表明:深暗色的裝飾木材美感度平均值最高,無(wú)色至淺的裝飾木材美感度最小;不同硬度的裝飾木材美感度表現(xiàn)為:硬中等軟,表面硬度較高的裝飾木材大眾喜好度最高;表面光滑的裝飾木材的美感度最高,表面粗糙的裝飾木材大眾喜好度最低。借鑒心理物理學(xué)方法,用表面粗糙度、表面硬度、顏色、年輪寬度、年輪明顯度、結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)致度、剖面和色差8個(gè)項(xiàng)目構(gòu)建的裝飾木材美感度多元數(shù)量化模型為: Z=-0.391-0.364X1-1-0.294X1-2-0.175X1-3-0.15X2-1-0.097X2-2-0.114X4-1-0.232X4-2+0.089X5-1 -0.039X5-2-0.065X6-1+0.097X6-2+0.291X8-1+0.061X8-2+0.546X10-1+0.342X10-2+0.438X11-1+0.262X11-2;通過(guò)復(fù)相關(guān)系數(shù)檢驗(yàn)可知,篩選出的8個(gè)因子和裝飾木材喜好度之間具有極顯著相關(guān)性。人們對(duì)裝飾木材的喜好度隨著表面硬度的增大而增大,隨著表面粗糙度的增大而減小;對(duì)深暗色裝飾木材的喜好度高于其它三種顏色,色差略明顯或結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)致的裝飾木材大眾喜好度較高。年輪明顯且寬度中等的木材斜切面最受大眾推崇。 經(jīng)不同強(qiáng)度、不同時(shí)間微波處理后,4種常見(jiàn)裝飾木材微波處理材的明度L*、紅綠軸色品指數(shù)a*和飽和度C值均有降低,其材色向低明度且低飽和度的方向變化;微波處理使深材色樹(shù)種(筒狀非洲楝和古夷蘇木)的黃藍(lán)軸色品指數(shù)b*值降低,淺材色裝飾木材(水曲柳和杉木)的黃藍(lán)軸色品指數(shù)b*值升高。微波強(qiáng)度、微波時(shí)間對(duì)材色變化均有影響。除黃藍(lán)軸色品指數(shù)b*外,同一微波強(qiáng)度處理下,材色各參數(shù)值隨微波處理時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而降低,低強(qiáng)度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波處理相比高強(qiáng)度短時(shí)間微波處理對(duì)4種常見(jiàn)裝飾木材材色影響更顯著。經(jīng)不同強(qiáng)度、不同時(shí)間微波處理后,4種常見(jiàn)裝飾木材表面潤(rùn)濕性顯著降低。微波強(qiáng)度、微波時(shí)間對(duì)木材表面潤(rùn)濕性均有影響。同一微波強(qiáng)度處理下,木材表面潤(rùn)濕性隨微波處理時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而降低,高強(qiáng)度短時(shí)間微波處理相比低強(qiáng)度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波處理對(duì)4種常見(jiàn)裝飾木材表面潤(rùn)濕性的影響更顯著。 隨著老化時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),4種常見(jiàn)裝飾木材表面明度呈現(xiàn)增加的趨勢(shì),紅綠軸色品指數(shù)隨著老化周期的增加而降低,黃藍(lán)軸色品指數(shù)隨著老化周期的增加而增加,老化處理后木材表面的顏色向偏白、偏綠和偏黃的角度變化。高強(qiáng)度短時(shí)間微波處理材和低強(qiáng)度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波處理材同一老化周期后的表面材色參數(shù)變化規(guī)律無(wú)明顯差異,其變化趨勢(shì)基本保持一致。加速老化使得微波處理材表面的潤(rùn)濕性增加。同一個(gè)老化周期后,微波處理材表面動(dòng)態(tài)接觸角始終大于未處理材表面動(dòng)態(tài)接觸角。同微波強(qiáng)度處理下,短時(shí)間微波處理材表面動(dòng)態(tài)接觸角小于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波處理材動(dòng)態(tài)接觸角;高強(qiáng)度短時(shí)間微波處理材和低強(qiáng)度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波處理材同一老化周期后表面潤(rùn)濕性變化規(guī)律無(wú)明顯差異。 應(yīng)用紅外光譜法測(cè)定分析了4種常用裝飾木材素材及經(jīng)過(guò)微波和加速老化處理后木材官能團(tuán)變化情況。微波處理后,木材表面羥基數(shù)目減少,高強(qiáng)度短時(shí)間微波處理比低強(qiáng)度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波處理對(duì)木材表面羥基數(shù)目的減少影響更顯著,這可能是由于微波改性處理使得木材表面的活性基團(tuán)相互結(jié)合而喪失了相互吸引的能力,這種的結(jié)合難以破壞或者極性難以恢復(fù),導(dǎo)致其表面潤(rùn)濕性降低;微波處理材的特征吸收峰相對(duì)強(qiáng)度比值均低于素材,乙酰基和纖維伯羥基的吸收減弱,此時(shí)木材可能已發(fā)生脫乙�；⒚撍蜔岱纸猬F(xiàn)象。高強(qiáng)度短時(shí)間微波處理材的吸收峰相對(duì)強(qiáng)度比值大于低強(qiáng)度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波處理材的吸收峰相對(duì)強(qiáng)度比值,這就佐證了微波改性處理使木材表面顏色發(fā)生變化,降低了微波處理材表面的潤(rùn)濕性,微波改性處理的強(qiáng)度和時(shí)間均對(duì)木材的顏色和表面潤(rùn)濕性有影響,高強(qiáng)度短時(shí)間微波處理對(duì)木材潤(rùn)濕性影響更顯著;低強(qiáng)度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波處理對(duì)木材顏色影響更顯著的結(jié)論。各個(gè)老化周期后,微波處理材的特征吸收峰相對(duì)強(qiáng)度比值小于素材,低功率長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波改性處理材特征吸收峰相對(duì)強(qiáng)度比值小于高功率短時(shí)間微波改性處理材。各個(gè)老化周期中木材素材、低功率長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波改性處理材和高功率短時(shí)間微波改性處理材各自的特征吸收峰相對(duì)強(qiáng)度比值略有差別,但總體上變化趨勢(shì)無(wú)明顯差異。這就佐證了高強(qiáng)度短時(shí)間微波處理材和低強(qiáng)度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間微波處理材在同等的老化條件下,表面材色參數(shù)和潤(rùn)濕性變化趨勢(shì)無(wú)明顯差異,基本保持一致的結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Wood has the unique aesthetic feeling and superior material characteristics given by nature. It plays an important role in indoor environment decoration and furniture production. This paper uses psychophysical methods to analyze the aesthetic degree of decorative wood, and constructs a decorative wood beauty model. The paper compares and analyzes the canister neem and the ancient Yi. The differences in the surface characteristics of 4 commonly used decorative wood materials of Soviet wood, Fraxinus mandshurica and Cunninghamia lanceolata; the difference between the surface characteristics of 4 commonly used decorative wood before and after microwave treatment and the change rules of 4 kinds of common decorative wood materials and the surface properties of microwave treated wood during the accelerated aging process were analyzed. The analysis of decorative wood by infrared spectroscopy was applied. The mechanism of changes in surface properties before and after microwave treatment and accelerated aging.
The analysis of the surface characteristics of 4 kinds of common decorative wood materials shows that in the CIE (1976) L*a*b* color space, the mean value of lightness of L* in the tube like neem and the ancient planation wood is low. The two kinds of wood belong to the deep wood color tree species, and their unique elegant and expensive colors create a kind of French palace rhyme flavor, giving people deep, stable and elegant sense; the average brightness of Chinese fir is L*. The value of 70.28, belongs to high lightness. The light color shades of ash and Chinese fir as furniture and indoor decoration material make people feel bright, neat, elegant and comfortable. From the overall distribution, the a* and b* of the commonly used decorative wood are distributed over 0, the brightness distribution is in the range of 40, the tone marks are distributed in the interval of YR. The change rate of surface contact angle of 4 kinds of commonly used decorative wood showed that the surface wettability of ancient Yi Su Mu and Fraxinus mandshurica was greater than that of cylindrical Nelson and Chinese fir.
A single factor analysis of the aesthetic degree of decorative wood showed that the average aesthetic degree of dark colored decorative wood was the highest, and the ornamental wood with no color to light was the least. The aesthetic degree of decorative wood with different hardness was as follows: hard medium soft, high surface hardness of ornamental wood with the highest degree of happiness, and the most aesthetic degree of decorative wood with smooth surface. High surface roughness of decorative wood with the lowest popular preference. By using psychophysical methods, 8 items of decorative wood beauty, which are constructed with 8 items of surface roughness, surface hardness, color, ring width, ring significance, structural detail, section and chromatic aberration, are the multivariate quantitative modulus of decorative wood: Z=-0.391-0.364X1-1-0.294X1-2-0.175X1-3-0.15X2-1-0.097 X2-2-0.114X4-1-0.232X4-2+0.089X5-1 -0.039X5-2-0.065X6-1+0.097X6-2+0.291X8-1+0.061X8-2+0.546X10-1+0.342X10-2+0.438X11-1+0.262X11-2; a significant correlation between the selected 8 factors and the preference of decorative wood was found through the test of the correlation coefficient. The preference for decorative wood increased with the increase of surface hardness. It is larger and larger, with the increase of surface roughness; the preference of dark colored decorative wood is higher than that of the other three colors.
After microwave treatment at different intensities and different times, the brightness L* of 4 kinds of common wood microwave treated wood, the red green axis color index a* and the saturation C value decreased, and the wood color changed to low brightness and low saturation, and the b* value of the yellow blue axis color index of deep wood color tree species (canister neem neem neem and ancient hematoxylin) was reduced by microwave treatment. The b* value of the yellow and blue axis color index of wood and color decorative wood (Fraxinus mandshurica and Cunninghamia lanceolata) is increased. Microwave intensity and microwave time have an effect on the change of wood color. In addition to the yellow blue axis color index b*, the value of the parameters of wood color decreases with the prolongation of the microwave treatment time, and the low intensity and long time microwave treatment is shorter than the high intensity. The effect of microwave treatment on the color of 4 common decorative wood materials is more significant. After microwave treatment at different intensities and different times, the wettability of the 4 kinds of common decorative wood is significantly reduced. Microwave intensity and microwave time have an effect on the wettability of wood surface. Under the same microwave intensity, the wettability of wood surface is prolonged with the prolongation of microwave treatment time. The effect of low intensity and long time microwave treatment on surface wettability of 4 common decorative wood was more significant.
With the prolongation of aging time, the brightness of 4 kinds of common decorative wood showed an increasing trend. The color index of the red and green axis decreased with the increase of the aging period. The color index of the yellow blue axis increased with the increase of the aging period. The color of the wood surface changed to white, green and yellowing. There is no obvious difference in the change of the surface color parameters of the surface material after the same aging period of the wave treatment material and the low strength long time microwave treatment material, and the change trend is basically consistent. The wettability of the surface of the microwave treated material is increased by accelerated aging. After the same aging period, the dynamic contact angle of the surface of the microwave treatment material is always greater than that of the untreated material. Under the same microwave intensity treatment, the dynamic contact angle of the surface of the short time microwave treatment material is less than the dynamic contact angle of the long time microwave treatment material, and there is no obvious difference in the surface wettability rules after the same aging period of the high strength and short time microwave treated material and the low intensity and long time microwave treatment material.
The changes of wood functional groups in 4 kinds of commonly used decorative wood materials and after microwave and accelerated aging were measured and analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. After microwave treatment, the number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of wood decreased, and the effect of microwave treatment with high intensity and short time on the hydroxyl number of wood surface was more significant than that of low intensity and long time microwave treatment. It is because of the microwave modification that the active groups of the wood surface are combined to lose the ability to attract each other. This combination is difficult to destroy or the polarity is difficult to recover, resulting in the decrease of the surface wettability. The absorption of the characteristic absorption peaks of the microwave treated material is low Yu Sucai, the absorption and reduction of the acetyl and fiber primary hydroxyl groups. In this case, the wood may have deacetylation, dehydration and thermal decomposition at this time. The relative intensity ratio of the absorption peak of the high intensity and short time microwave treatment material is greater than the relative intensity ratio of the absorption peak of the low strength and long time microwave treatment material, which proves that the microwave modification treatment makes the wood surface color change and reduce the surface of the microwave treatment material. The strength and time of microwave modification have an effect on the color and wettability of wood, and the effect of high strength and short time microwave treatment on the wettability of wood is more significant; the effect of low intensity and long time microwave treatment on wood color is more significant. The ratio of the ratio is less than the material, the relative intensity ratio of the characteristic absorption peak of the low power long time microwave modified material is less than the high power short time microwave modified material. The wood material of each aging period, the low power and long time microwave modification treatment of the characteristic absorption peak relative intensity ratio of the Cai Hegao power short time microwave modified material There is no obvious difference in the general trend of change, which proves that there is no obvious difference in the color parameters and wettability between the high intensity and short time microwave treated material and the low intensity and long time microwave treatment material under the same aging condition, and the conclusion is basically consistent.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：TU564

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 張慧中;木材做舊的設(shè)計(jì)表現(xiàn)研究[D];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué);2011年

2 梁敏;木材解剖構(gòu)造圖案形式美初探[D];廣西大學(xué);2011年

3 王霽媛;基于改性速生楊視覺(jué)特性的實(shí)木家具設(shè)計(jì)研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

4 邱斐;多樣首飾用材的裝飾性研究[D];中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）;2013年

5 陳居靜;六種酸枝類木材結(jié)構(gòu)特征及相關(guān)屬性的研究[D];福建農(nóng)林大學(xué);2013年

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