本文選題：內(nèi)裝飾材料　切入點：熱解　出處：《安徽理工大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著內(nèi)裝修裝飾材料的廣泛使用,其火災危險性日益突出。對內(nèi)裝修材料的熱解與燃燒特性研究,可以初步掌握室內(nèi)火災的發(fā)生、發(fā)展與火勢蔓延特點,同時也可以為材料的合理選用和建筑防火與控制提供理論指導,其意義重大。 本文在對所選裝飾材料做了全面調(diào)查研究的前提下,設置不同實驗工況條件,進行了熱解實驗和熱動力學分析,并進一步對所選材料進行了建筑材料燃燒或分解的煙密度試驗,綜合考慮到了裝飾材料的熱解與燃燒特性。其研究結(jié)果對室內(nèi)裝飾材料的選取與防火方面有一定的指導意義。 首先,綜述了國內(nèi)外裝修裝飾材料的研究現(xiàn)狀與其火災危害性,根據(jù)我國目前日益嚴重的高層建筑火災的形勢,結(jié)合人們越來注重室內(nèi)健康與安全性的迫切需求下,提出了本文的研究方法和研究內(nèi)容。 其次選取地板、壁紙、地毯、棉布四大類為試驗材料料,根據(jù)材質(zhì)的不同,把各類材料又分為很多種,設置不同升溫速率(10℃/min、15℃/min.20℃/min)分別進行熱失重實驗。利用excel、Origin軟件進行TG、DTG、DSC曲線的分析。研究表明：絕大部分的裝修裝飾材料的熱解過程分為三個反應階段,主要的熱解階段是半纖維素和纖維素熱解,其水分蒸發(fā)階段與木質(zhì)素熱解所占比率較��；升溫速率增大會使得反應向高溫區(qū)推進,其對樣品的開始熱解的溫度和熱解溫度范圍影響比較明顯；增加空氣流速使得TG曲線向低溫區(qū)移動,增大了材料的火災危險性。同時,隨著試樣用量的增加,會使TG曲線向高溫方向偏移。通過對常見的固體G(a)模型的對比研究,建立合適的裝修裝裝飾材料的熱解動力學模型,利用Coast-Redfern法,求解了熱分析動力學參數(shù)活化能E和指前因子A。 最后,考慮到材料的發(fā)煙特性,對各類材料進行了燃燒或分解的煙密度試驗,計算出了各種材料的最大煙密度(MSD)和煙密度等級(SDR),為材料的合理選取和防火方面提供了一個可以參考的技術參數(shù)。
[Abstract]:With the extensive use of interior decoration materials, the fire risk is becoming more and more prominent. The pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of interior decoration materials can be preliminarily grasped the characteristics of fire occurrence, development and fire spreading. It can also provide theoretical guidance for the rational selection of materials and building fire prevention and control, which is of great significance. In this paper, on the premise of comprehensive investigation and research on the selected decorative materials, the pyrolysis experiments and thermodynamics analysis are carried out under different operating conditions. Furthermore, the smoke density test of building materials for burning or decomposing is carried out, and the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of decorative materials are considered synthetically. The results of the study have a certain guiding significance for the selection and fire prevention of interior decoration materials. First of all, the research status of decoration materials at home and abroad and its fire harmfulness are summarized. According to the situation of fire in high-rise buildings of our country, combined with the urgent demand of people to pay more and more attention to indoor health and safety, The research methods and contents of this paper are put forward. Secondly, the four categories of flooring, wallpaper, carpet and cotton cloth are selected as test materials. According to the different materials, all kinds of materials are divided into many kinds. The thermogravimetric experiments were carried out by setting 10 鈩，

本文編號：1654148