本文選題：內(nèi)蒙古“三少”民族　切入點：獸皮和獸骨　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：生活在內(nèi)蒙古東部大興安嶺林區(qū)的鄂倫春族、鄂溫克族、達(dá)斡爾族簡稱內(nèi)蒙古“三少”民族。由于自然環(huán)境和地理因素的影響，“三少”民族傳統(tǒng)的生產(chǎn)、生活用品具有鮮明的山林文化、狩獵文化特征，長期的游獵生活形成了獨特的獸皮、獸骨文化，，對于這三個僅有本民族特有的語言而沒有本民族文字的民族來說，獸皮、獸骨技藝及制品是其民族文化的重要載體之一，是一部沒有文字的史書。獸骨是早期獸皮制品天然的輔助材料，在獵民的生活、生產(chǎn)中兼具實用功能和裝飾功能�！叭佟泵褡宓墨F皮和獸骨文化反映出他們的社會生產(chǎn)力水平、科學(xué)技術(shù)水平、社會分工形態(tài)的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，也映射出他們的生活觀、價值觀、審美觀、宗教觀，是研究“三少”民族歷史、民族文化的重要依據(jù)，具有很高的學(xué)術(shù)研究價值。 經(jīng)濟利益的驅(qū)動以及生產(chǎn)、生活方式的巨大的改變，“三少”民族獸皮和獸骨制品實物的流失現(xiàn)象非常嚴(yán)重，制作技藝面臨著失傳的危險，同時，隨著時代的進步，民族交融進一步加強，“三少”民族的文化出現(xiàn)了趨同現(xiàn)象。出于對“三少”民族各自特質(zhì)文化的傳承與保護目的，對“三少”民族的獸皮、獸骨文化的研究具有一定的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文以獸皮和獸骨為載體，將文獻(xiàn)資料研究法與田野調(diào)查研究法相結(jié)合，通過比較分析，對內(nèi)蒙古“三少”民族獸皮、獸骨制品的生產(chǎn)技藝、造型特征及裝飾手法進行了歸納、分析和比較。闡明了“三少”民族在不同的歷史背景下，受到民族文化交融影響所形成的功能、材質(zhì)、造型、工藝之美的審美特征。和崇尚“神力”，人與自然和諧、統(tǒng)一的審美意識。
[Abstract]:The Oroqun, Ewenki and Daur nationalities living in the Daxingan Mountains forest area in eastern Inner Mongolia are referred to as the "three little" nationalities of Inner Mongolia. Due to the influence of natural environment and geographical factors, the traditional production of the "three less" ethnic groups, The daily necessities have the distinct mountain forest culture, hunting culture characteristic, the long traveling life has formed the unique animal skin, the animal bone culture, for these three only own national unique language but does not have the own national script nationality, the animal skin, The art and products of animal bone are one of the important carriers of its national culture and a history book without writing. The animal bone is the natural auxiliary material of the early animal skin products, and it is the life of the hunters. The animal skin and animal bone culture of the "three little" nationalities reflect their level of social productivity, the level of science and technology, and the development of the social division of labor, and also reflect their outlook on life and values. Aesthetics and religious view are the important basis for the study of the history and culture of the "three little" nationalities, and are of great academic value. Driven by economic benefits and huge changes in production and lifestyle, the loss of animal skins and animal bone products from the "three fewer" ethnic groups is very serious, and the production skills are facing the danger of being lost. At the same time, with the progress of the times, The culture of the "three little" nationalities has been converged. For the purpose of inheriting and protecting the characteristic culture of the "three little" nationalities, the animal skins of the "three little" nationalities have been treated. The study of animal bone culture has certain practical significance. Based on animal skin and animal bone, this paper combines the literature research method with the field investigation method, through comparative analysis, the production techniques of the "three less" nationality animal skins and animal bone products in Inner Mongolia are discussed. The modeling features and decoration techniques are summarized, analyzed and compared. The functions, materials, modeling of the "three little" nationalities influenced by the blending of national culture under different historical background are expounded. Aesthetic characteristics of the beauty of craftsmanship and aesthetic consciousness of advocating "divine power", harmony and unity between man and nature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：J525

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