本文關(guān)鍵詞： 明清家具 凳類 形態(tài) 裝飾　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：明清家具在我國家具發(fā)展史以至世界家具發(fā)展史中占有重要地位。近年來,為了進(jìn)一步滿足城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展中廣大民眾對住宅的剛性需求,國家和地方各部門已明確提出加大小戶型商品房配給的政策建議,為了適應(yīng)室內(nèi)空間的需求,小巧、便攜、不占空間的凳類家具受到人們的追捧,因此,對于我國傳統(tǒng)凳類家具的造型研究已成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。本文以明清凳類家具為研究對象,深入探討了其形態(tài)與裝飾的造型規(guī)律,填補(bǔ)了國內(nèi)外鮮有對明清凳類家具系統(tǒng)研究的缺憾,完善了明清家具的造型理論體系的建立。其研究成果可以為明清凳類家具的鑒別提供現(xiàn)實依據(jù),為具有明清風(fēng)格的現(xiàn)代家具設(shè)計提供直接指導(dǎo),有利于中式家具元素的弘揚(yáng)與發(fā)展和古典家具的傳承與創(chuàng)新。 對明清凳類家具形態(tài)的研究,主要采用個案研究法和歸納法,通過分析明清凳類家具的方形座面、圓形座面和非方非圓形座面的造型樣式,歸納得出座面部件的形態(tài)特征；通過分析明清凳類家具的線形腿足和面型腿足的的造型樣式,歸納得出腿足部件的形態(tài)特征；通過分析明清凳類家具的束腰、牙板、矮老和棖子的造型樣式,歸納得出連接部件的形態(tài)特征,以此歸納得出明清凳類家具的基本形態(tài)規(guī)律。 對明清凳類家具裝飾的研究,主要采用圖例分析法和歸納法,通過分析花葉紋、卷草紋和靈芝紋的基本樣式,歸納得出植物紋樣的基本形態(tài)特征；通過分析龍紋、獸紋和蝙蝠紋的基本樣式,歸納得出動物紋樣的基本形態(tài)特征；通過分析童子祝壽與仕女紋樣,歸納得出人物紋樣的基本形態(tài)特征；通過分析直線形、曲線形和直曲線組合形裝飾紋樣的基本樣式,歸納幾何紋樣的基本形態(tài)特征；通過分析云紋、渦形紋、如意紋和繩紋系壁紋的基本樣式,歸納得出意象紋樣的基本形態(tài)特征。 研究結(jié)果表明,明清凳類家具的形態(tài)多通過座面形狀,面心與面框材料,座面相對腿足的位置關(guān)系；腿足截面形狀,腿足間距離,腿足的裝飾位置；連接部件的裝飾形式,大小位置,以及單獨(dú)或成組出現(xiàn)的形式來表現(xiàn)。明清凳類家具的裝飾則多以單一紋樣或組合紋樣形式出現(xiàn)；表現(xiàn)形式有浮雕、透雕、油漆彩繪以及構(gòu)件裝飾等；裝飾部位多集中在卡子花、牙板、腿足等部位。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in order to further meet the rigid demand of the general public in the development of urbanization, the furniture of Ming and Qing Dynasty occupies an important position in the history of furniture development in China and in the history of furniture development in the world. National and local departments have clearly proposed to increase the allocation of small commercial housing policy recommendations, in order to meet the needs of indoor space, small, portable, non-space bench furniture has been sought after by people. It is urgent to study the modeling of the traditional bench furniture in China. This paper takes the furniture of the benches in Ming and Qing dynasties as the research object, and deeply discusses its shape and the modeling law of decoration. Filled in the lack of domestic and foreign research on the Ming and Qing bench furniture system, improved the Ming and Qing dynasties furniture modeling theory system, and its research results can provide a realistic basis for the identification of Ming and Qing dynasty bench furniture. It provides direct guidance for modern furniture design with Ming and Qing style, which is conducive to the promotion and development of Chinese furniture elements and the inheritance and innovation of classical furniture. The research on the furniture form of the bench in Ming and Qing dynasties mainly adopts the method of case study and induction. By analyzing the style of square seat, round seat and non-square non-circular seat of the furniture in Ming and Qing dynasties. The morphological characteristics of the pedestal parts are summarized. Based on the analysis of the modeling styles of the legs and legs of the bench furniture in Ming and Qing dynasties, the morphological characteristics of the legs and feet are concluded. Based on the analysis of the shape styles of the benches in Ming and Qing dynasties, such as the waist, the tooth plate, the short old and the Cheng Zi, the morphological characteristics of the connecting parts are concluded, and the basic morphological rules of the bench furniture in the Ming and Qing dynasties are summed up. In the study of furniture decoration of benches in Ming and Qing dynasties, the basic morphological characteristics of plant patterns were summed up by analyzing the basic patterns of mosaic, curly and Ganoderma lucidum patterns by means of legend analysis and induction. By analyzing the basic patterns of dragon, animal and bat patterns, the basic morphological characteristics of animal patterns are concluded. By analyzing the patterns of the child's birthday and ladies, the author concludes the basic morphological features of the figures' patterns. By analyzing the basic patterns of decorative patterns of linear, curved and straight curves, the basic morphological characteristics of geometric patterns are summarized. By analyzing the basic patterns of moire, vortex, Ruyi and rope, the basic morphological characteristics of image pattern are concluded. The results show that the shape of bench furniture in Ming and Qing dynasties is mostly related to the shape of the seat, the material of the center of the face and the material of the frame, and the position of the seat relative to the legs and feet; The section shape of leg and foot, the distance between legs and feet, and the decorative position of leg foot; The decorative form, size and position of the connecting parts, as well as the individual or group appearance forms, the decoration of the furniture of the benches of Ming and Qing dynasties is mostly in the form of single pattern or combination pattern; The forms of expression include relief, embossing, paint painting and component decoration. Decorative parts more concentrated in clip flowers, dental plates, legs and feet, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TS664.01;J525.3;J522

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