啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)中盧梭的音樂美學(xué)思想
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-07 21:16
【摘要】：盧梭,是啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)期歐洲音樂史上一位重要的思想家,他不但是百科全書派的重要成員,同時(shí)他的思想和論點(diǎn),都對(duì)歐洲音樂,文學(xué)等多學(xué)科藝術(shù)的發(fā)展起到了舉足輕重的作用。在盧梭生活的那個(gè)年代,在音樂創(chuàng)作方面也比從前有了很大的不同,18世紀(jì)為歐洲藝術(shù)開創(chuàng)了新紀(jì)元。在這個(gè)不平凡的年代里,歐洲的文化、藝術(shù)、科學(xué)、思想等多方面領(lǐng)域受到啟蒙思想的滋養(yǎng),也得到了飛速的發(fā)展。這一切都與當(dāng)時(shí)的啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)思想有著重要的關(guān)系,新的思想則將整個(gè)西方文明大大向前推進(jìn)。 在音樂方面,盧梭是文章中的關(guān)鍵人物,其觀點(diǎn)影響著當(dāng)時(shí)的很多知識(shí)分子以及作曲家,這就使得我們的音樂文化也在經(jīng)歷著翻天覆地的變革,從內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)逐漸的進(jìn)行著分化。另一方面,隨著社會(huì)的進(jìn)步、科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展以及大眾審美趣味的變化等等一系列因素,決定了各類不同風(fēng)格的音樂興起,因而很多思想家,藝術(shù)家都對(duì)音樂作品的創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)發(fā)表了不同的觀點(diǎn)。例如在音樂創(chuàng)作領(lǐng)域中,就以法國(guó)為中心,發(fā)生過三起重大的關(guān)于音樂審美趣味的爭(zhēng)論,而這三起爭(zhēng)論對(duì)歐洲音樂的發(fā)展起到了舉足輕重的作用,盧梭在爭(zhēng)論中的活動(dòng)相當(dāng)活躍。 因此,我們可以通過這條線索,透視到盧梭這位啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)思想家的觀點(diǎn),以及其中滲透的中心思想。我們以這三起藝術(shù)爭(zhēng)論為文章中的一條重要脈絡(luò),可以通過這個(gè)視角,多層面的透析盧梭的理念,并且將其深入挖掘出來,這對(duì)于我們研究盧梭在音樂中的美學(xué)觀點(diǎn)是十分必要的。這正是由于它們是歐洲音樂藝術(shù)發(fā)展和過渡的重要階段,這也是一個(gè)充滿矛盾的時(shí)期,而這三次重要的音樂爭(zhēng)論掀起了文化變革,盧梭是站在爭(zhēng)論中的核心人物,他的思想論點(diǎn)對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)音樂發(fā)展趨勢(shì)注入了新的活力。因此本課題通過研究盧梭,可以帶領(lǐng)我們走進(jìn)歐洲藝術(shù)大發(fā)展的那個(gè)年代,讓我們更加深刻的研究人類藝術(shù)發(fā)展的規(guī)律。 文章論述了著名的啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)思想家盧梭及其在音樂論壇上的活動(dòng),分析出啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)這一特殊歷史時(shí)期下的音樂藝術(shù)文化,并通過多重視角,多層次地分析盧梭的觀點(diǎn)以及音樂活動(dòng)對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)帶來的影響。前人專家們已經(jīng)對(duì)這些課題進(jìn)行過相應(yīng)的研究,文中我們主要針對(duì)18世紀(jì)的社會(huì),文化背景等因素對(duì)音樂的影響,同時(shí)也要分析其他幾位重要的啟蒙思想家以及他們的思想理念來做主要闡述。文章闡述了啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)期的思想家們的核心觀點(diǎn)與音樂藝術(shù)間的緊密聯(lián)系,并通過對(duì)這個(gè)課題的研究來分析及其對(duì)我們現(xiàn)代音樂作品的創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的影響,以此作為我們研究歐洲音樂發(fā)展歷程的一條重要線索,由此我們可以更深一層地延伸到透析西方文化以及社會(huì)的發(fā)展,在汲取歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)同時(shí),探索出我國(guó)未來音樂文化的發(fā)展之路。文章通過闡述盧梭在音樂方面的活動(dòng)以及重要論點(diǎn),并且進(jìn)一步深入挖掘矛盾本質(zhì),和它對(duì)于今天矛盾的合理解決。其中最值得一提的就是,盧梭的理念與當(dāng)時(shí)文化背景密切相連,而在這個(gè)歷史時(shí)期又出現(xiàn)了一股全歐性的、強(qiáng)勁的、代表資本主義的新的思想,被成為啟蒙思想。它的出現(xiàn)對(duì)整個(gè)歐洲的社會(huì)、文化等多方面都起著不可忽視的作用。啟蒙思想運(yùn)動(dòng)思想家們以人文主義為基礎(chǔ),宣揚(yáng)反封建、反階級(jí)壓迫的思想。他們高度倡導(dǎo)“平等”、“博愛”以及“人權(quán)”、“個(gè)性解放”的口號(hào),支持發(fā)展科學(xué)和唯物主義哲學(xué),強(qiáng)烈抵制形而上學(xué)思想以及封建思想;倡導(dǎo)人道主義而反對(duì)有神論;倡導(dǎo)人權(quán)反對(duì)君權(quán);倡導(dǎo)個(gè)性解放而反對(duì)封建主義專制和宗教的約束。啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)思想家希望構(gòu)建一個(gè)有政治自由、人權(quán)自由,人人平等的烏托邦。 盧梭處在這個(gè)充滿矛盾和變革的歷史時(shí)期,因此他也和當(dāng)時(shí)的思想家一樣,提倡樸實(shí)、回歸自然的美,支持全民教育,反對(duì)專制,將人的理性置于第一位,并以理性的思想觀念來檢驗(yàn)原有的制度,傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗以及道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。盧梭希望能夠以啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)的思想為武器,帶領(lǐng)第三等級(jí)的平民階層擺脫愚昧的束縛,解放自我,他的這種思想同時(shí)也是啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)其他學(xué)者們所期盼的。盧梭作為重要代表,他的所有觀點(diǎn)自然也都與啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)中所倡導(dǎo)的理念相一致。因此,在以盧梭為主要代表的理性主義強(qiáng)大沖擊下,歐洲的音樂文化發(fā)生了很大的變化。也正因?yàn)槿绱?啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)思潮所提出的新觀點(diǎn)在當(dāng)時(shí)特殊的社會(huì)條件下,對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)原有的保守音樂帶來了強(qiáng)大沖擊,由此促進(jìn)了新的音樂形式的產(chǎn)生。音樂藝術(shù)在歐洲有了飛躍式提高的同時(shí),也逐步在向多元化、多樣化發(fā)展。它們?yōu)楫?dāng)時(shí)的一成不變的藝術(shù)注入了新的血液。而在盧梭的音樂活動(dòng)中,也同時(shí)與倡導(dǎo)平等、博愛等口號(hào)的新的思想有著很緊密的關(guān)系。 文章通過對(duì)盧梭在音樂方面思想觀念的透析,一方面通過對(duì)此課題的研究為線索去深入研究歐洲音樂藝術(shù)的發(fā)展,并從中探討音樂的本質(zhì);另一方面,我們從其他視角重點(diǎn)闡述了當(dāng)時(shí)音樂文化背景,音樂的發(fā)展潮流、當(dāng)時(shí)重大的歷史事件以及研究那個(gè)時(shí)代音樂對(duì)我們今天的影響等幾個(gè)方面,盧梭的觀點(diǎn)則深深滲透其中,由其作為主線,來分層研究出這個(gè)時(shí)期西方音樂較以前的變化、發(fā)展、轉(zhuǎn)折、興盛和繁榮等,從而論述音樂藝術(shù)發(fā)展中存在的特殊性、必然性,通過矛盾的發(fā)展,深刻挖掘其根源。本課題就以盧梭的思想以及音樂中的活動(dòng)為核心,逐步展開思路,通過其來透視西方音樂藝術(shù)的興衰、轉(zhuǎn)折,以及對(duì)其后期發(fā)展起到的作用,最后聯(lián)系到我國(guó)音樂的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀,總結(jié)前文的研究成果,得出結(jié)論。作為音樂工作者,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)在研究西方這段歷史對(duì)音樂文化的影響中,汲取到其精華和經(jīng)驗(yàn),將歷史當(dāng)作一面鏡子來回顧過去、展望未來,并從中探求出未來音樂藝術(shù)的發(fā)展道路。
[Abstract]:Rousseau was an important thinker in the history of European music in the period of the Enlightenment. He was not only an important member of the Encyclopedia School, but also his ideas and arguments played a decisive role in the development of European music, literature and other disciplines of art. Great difference, the 18th century opened a new era for European art. In this extraordinary era, European culture, art, science, thought and other fields were nourished by the Enlightenment thought, and also developed rapidly. All these have important relations with the Enlightenment thought of that time, the new thought will make the whole western civilization big. Push forward.
In music, Rousseau is the key figure in the article. His viewpoint influenced many intellectuals and composers at that time, which made our music culture undergo earth-shaking changes and gradually divided from the internal structure. A series of factors, such as the change of taste, determine the rise of different styles of music, so many thinkers and artists have expressed different opinions on the creative activities of music works. For example, in the field of music creation, there have been three major debates on the aesthetic interest of music centered on France, and these three debates have been against each other. The development of European music played a pivotal role. Rousseau's activities in the debate were quite active.
Therefore, we can see through this clue Rousseau, the Enlightenment thinker's point of view, as well as the infiltration of the central idea. We take these three artistic debates as an important thread in the article, through this perspective, a multi-level dialysis of Rousseau's ideas, and its in-depth excavation, which is for us to study. Rousseau's aesthetic viewpoints in music are very necessary. This is precisely because they are an important stage in the development and transition of European music and art. This is also a period full of contradictions. These three important musical debates set off a cultural change. Rousseau is the core figure in the debate. His ideas and arguments are the trend of music development at that time. Therefore, by studying Rousseau, this subject can lead us into the era of the great development of European art, and let us study the law of the development of human art more profoundly.
This paper discusses the famous Enlightenment thinker Rousseau and his activities in the music forum, analyzes the music art and culture in the special historical period of the Enlightenment, and analyzes Rousseau's viewpoints and the influence of music activities on the society at that time through multi-angle and multi-level analysis. After doing the corresponding research, we mainly aim at the influence of the social and cultural background of the 18th century on music, and at the same time, we should analyze several other important enlightenment thinkers and their ideological concepts. Through the study of this subject, we can analyze its influence on the creation of our modern music works, and take it as an important clue for us to study the development of European music. From this we can further extend to the dialysis of western culture and social development, and at the same time, we can learn from historical experience and explore The article expounds Rousseau's activities in music and his important arguments, and further explores the nature of contradictions and its reasonable solution to today's contradictions. The most notable thing is that Rousseau's ideas are closely related to the cultural background of the time and emerged in this historical period. Enlightenment thinkers, based on humanism, advocated anti-feudalism and anti-class oppression. They highly advocated peace. The slogans of "fraternity" and "human rights" and "personality liberation" support the development of scientific and materialistic philosophy, strongly resist metaphysical and feudal ideas, advocate humanitarianism and oppose theism, advocate human rights against monarchy, advocate personality liberation and oppose feudal autocracy and religious constraints. The family hopes to build a utopia with political freedom, human rights and freedom and equality for all.
Rousseau was in this historical period full of contradictions and changes, so he, like the thinkers at that time, advocated simplicity, returned to the beauty of nature, supported universal education, opposed autocracy, put human reason first, and tested the original system, traditional customs and moral standards with rational ideas. As an important representative of the Enlightenment, Rousseau's ideas are naturally consistent with the ideas advocated in the Enlightenment. Therefore, Rousseau is the main generation. Under the strong impact of exterior rationalism, European music culture has undergone great changes. Therefore, the new ideas put forward by the Enlightenment movement under the special social conditions at that time brought a strong impact on the original conservative music, thus promoting the emergence of new musical forms. They injected new blood into the invariable art at that time. In Rousseau's music activities, they also had a close relationship with the new ideas of advocating equality and fraternity.
Through the dialysis of Rousseau's ideas on music, on the one hand, through the study of this subject as a clue to study the development of European music and art, and explore the essence of music; on the other hand, from other perspectives, we focus on the cultural background of music, the trend of music development, and important historical events at that time. Rousseau's point of view is deeply penetrated in the study of the influence of music of that era on our present day. As the main line, he studies the changes, development, turning points, prosperity and prosperity of western music in this period at different levels, and discusses the particularity and inevitability of the development of music art through contradictions. This topic takes Rousseau's thought and the activities in music as the core, gradually launches the train of thought, through which we can see through the rise and fall of the western music art, the turning point, as well as its role in the later development, finally relates to the development status of our country's music, summarizes the previous research results, and draws the conclusion. Musicians, we should learn the essence and experience of the western history in studying its influence on music culture, look back on the past as a mirror, look forward to the future, and explore the future development of music art.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：J601
[Abstract]:Rousseau was an important thinker in the history of European music in the period of the Enlightenment. He was not only an important member of the Encyclopedia School, but also his ideas and arguments played a decisive role in the development of European music, literature and other disciplines of art. Great difference, the 18th century opened a new era for European art. In this extraordinary era, European culture, art, science, thought and other fields were nourished by the Enlightenment thought, and also developed rapidly. All these have important relations with the Enlightenment thought of that time, the new thought will make the whole western civilization big. Push forward.
In music, Rousseau is the key figure in the article. His viewpoint influenced many intellectuals and composers at that time, which made our music culture undergo earth-shaking changes and gradually divided from the internal structure. A series of factors, such as the change of taste, determine the rise of different styles of music, so many thinkers and artists have expressed different opinions on the creative activities of music works. For example, in the field of music creation, there have been three major debates on the aesthetic interest of music centered on France, and these three debates have been against each other. The development of European music played a pivotal role. Rousseau's activities in the debate were quite active.
Therefore, we can see through this clue Rousseau, the Enlightenment thinker's point of view, as well as the infiltration of the central idea. We take these three artistic debates as an important thread in the article, through this perspective, a multi-level dialysis of Rousseau's ideas, and its in-depth excavation, which is for us to study. Rousseau's aesthetic viewpoints in music are very necessary. This is precisely because they are an important stage in the development and transition of European music and art. This is also a period full of contradictions. These three important musical debates set off a cultural change. Rousseau is the core figure in the debate. His ideas and arguments are the trend of music development at that time. Therefore, by studying Rousseau, this subject can lead us into the era of the great development of European art, and let us study the law of the development of human art more profoundly.
This paper discusses the famous Enlightenment thinker Rousseau and his activities in the music forum, analyzes the music art and culture in the special historical period of the Enlightenment, and analyzes Rousseau's viewpoints and the influence of music activities on the society at that time through multi-angle and multi-level analysis. After doing the corresponding research, we mainly aim at the influence of the social and cultural background of the 18th century on music, and at the same time, we should analyze several other important enlightenment thinkers and their ideological concepts. Through the study of this subject, we can analyze its influence on the creation of our modern music works, and take it as an important clue for us to study the development of European music. From this we can further extend to the dialysis of western culture and social development, and at the same time, we can learn from historical experience and explore The article expounds Rousseau's activities in music and his important arguments, and further explores the nature of contradictions and its reasonable solution to today's contradictions. The most notable thing is that Rousseau's ideas are closely related to the cultural background of the time and emerged in this historical period. Enlightenment thinkers, based on humanism, advocated anti-feudalism and anti-class oppression. They highly advocated peace. The slogans of "fraternity" and "human rights" and "personality liberation" support the development of scientific and materialistic philosophy, strongly resist metaphysical and feudal ideas, advocate humanitarianism and oppose theism, advocate human rights against monarchy, advocate personality liberation and oppose feudal autocracy and religious constraints. The family hopes to build a utopia with political freedom, human rights and freedom and equality for all.
Rousseau was in this historical period full of contradictions and changes, so he, like the thinkers at that time, advocated simplicity, returned to the beauty of nature, supported universal education, opposed autocracy, put human reason first, and tested the original system, traditional customs and moral standards with rational ideas. As an important representative of the Enlightenment, Rousseau's ideas are naturally consistent with the ideas advocated in the Enlightenment. Therefore, Rousseau is the main generation. Under the strong impact of exterior rationalism, European music culture has undergone great changes. Therefore, the new ideas put forward by the Enlightenment movement under the special social conditions at that time brought a strong impact on the original conservative music, thus promoting the emergence of new musical forms. They injected new blood into the invariable art at that time. In Rousseau's music activities, they also had a close relationship with the new ideas of advocating equality and fraternity.
Through the dialysis of Rousseau's ideas on music, on the one hand, through the study of this subject as a clue to study the development of European music and art, and explore the essence of music; on the other hand, from other perspectives, we focus on the cultural background of music, the trend of music development, and important historical events at that time. Rousseau's point of view is deeply penetrated in the study of the influence of music of that era on our present day. As the main line, he studies the changes, development, turning points, prosperity and prosperity of western music in this period at different levels, and discusses the particularity and inevitability of the development of music art through contradictions. This topic takes Rousseau's thought and the activities in music as the core, gradually launches the train of thought, through which we can see through the rise and fall of the western music art, the turning point, as well as its role in the later development, finally relates to the development status of our country's music, summarizes the previous research results, and draws the conclusion. Musicians, we should learn the essence and experience of the western history in studying its influence on music culture, look back on the past as a mirror, look forward to the future, and explore the future development of music art.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：J601
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