本文選題：視唱練耳　切入點：教學(xué)模式　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：視唱練耳作為高等藝術(shù)院校一門重要的理論和技能技巧訓(xùn)練并重的綜合基礎(chǔ)課程,在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生音樂綜合能力的過程中起著關(guān)鍵的作用。通過對兩所高校視唱練耳課進行問卷調(diào)查后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)的視唱練耳教學(xué)模式存在對該課程的教育價值及目標認識不足的問題,同時,由于受其歷史的局限性和教學(xué)理論基礎(chǔ)的片面性的影響,已越來越多的暴露出其自身難以克服的問題,越來越難以滿足新時代、新視野下對高校視唱練耳課程提出的新的要求。轉(zhuǎn)型勢在必行,可是什么樣的教學(xué)模式才是優(yōu)化、優(yōu)質(zhì)的教學(xué)模式呢?轉(zhuǎn)型的方向在哪里呢? 教學(xué)模式是依據(jù)一定理論和教育思想提出來的,是某種教學(xué)理論、教學(xué)思想或是學(xué)習(xí)理論的簡化表現(xiàn)形式,每一個模式都有一個內(nèi)在的理論基礎(chǔ),并由其決定教學(xué)模式的目的性和獨特性,所以對教學(xué)模式的理論基礎(chǔ)進行研究是探討教學(xué)模式的前提。 學(xué)習(xí)理論可以說是心理學(xué)最發(fā)達的領(lǐng)域之一,它從“如何學(xué)”的角度探討教學(xué)模式,對教育理念以及眾多學(xué)科的教學(xué)改革都有重大的影響,也必然對視唱練耳課程的教學(xué)造成影響。其中行為主義、認知主義、人本主義作為三大經(jīng)典的學(xué)習(xí)理論對視唱練耳的教學(xué)模式影響、滲透最大。 行為主義學(xué)習(xí)理論影響下的視唱練耳教學(xué)模式以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的音樂感知力為主要目標。注重對理論知識和技能技巧的學(xué)習(xí),把‘刺激—反應(yīng)—強化’這樣一個過程作為聽力訓(xùn)練的方法而被廣泛使用。對音樂的認識只停留在體驗和感知階段,只要求記憶、再現(xiàn),而不要求理解和運用,是教與學(xué)的一種簡單的單向反饋的關(guān)系,具有孤立的、片面的、形而上學(xué)的機械論性質(zhì),是一種較為簡單的,低級的教學(xué)模式。 認知主義影響下的視唱練耳教學(xué)模式在注重知識內(nèi)部規(guī)律的同時考慮了學(xué)生的認知規(guī)律和對整體等把握,強調(diào)從整體的音樂作品中學(xué)習(xí)音樂,強調(diào)知識理解、內(nèi)化和重組的過程。在課程內(nèi)容的組織上更好的符合學(xué)生的聽覺習(xí)慣和聽覺思維,是一種更高級、更有意義的教學(xué)模式。學(xué)生不再被動的機械式的接受訓(xùn)練,而是能積極主動地參與思考和在音樂中學(xué)習(xí),對學(xué)生音樂鑒賞力的提高具有積極的意義。 人本主義學(xué)習(xí)理論影響下的視唱練耳課程模式,強調(diào)以學(xué)生為教學(xué)的中心,以及情感、環(huán)境等非智力因素在教學(xué)過程中的重要意義。是一種強調(diào)將“知、情、意、行”整合起來的,促進學(xué)生能力全面發(fā)展和人格塑造的復(fù)合式教學(xué)模式。更符合當(dāng)前我國開放式的教育理念,能更好的實現(xiàn)新時期視唱練耳課程新的教學(xué)目標。 教學(xué)模式總是與一定歷史時期政治、文化、科技、經(jīng)濟、教育的水平相關(guān)聯(lián)的,我們在教學(xué)模式的選擇上應(yīng)該與時俱進,根據(jù)教學(xué)對象和教學(xué)內(nèi)容的改變選擇適當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)模式。 進入新世紀以來,社會、科技發(fā)展日新月異,理論創(chuàng)新不斷發(fā)展,國民音樂教育水平不斷提升,全球經(jīng)濟一體化、文化多元化已成為一種必然趨勢,這些都為視唱練耳教學(xué)模式轉(zhuǎn)型創(chuàng)造了有利條件,也為視唱練耳教學(xué)模式的轉(zhuǎn)型與發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 運用三大學(xué)習(xí)理論來指導(dǎo)我們的視唱練耳教學(xué)改革和實踐,建立以音樂行為技能為特征的音樂技能操作系統(tǒng),以構(gòu)建認知思維結(jié)構(gòu)為特征的認知系統(tǒng),以培養(yǎng)情感意志為特征的情意系統(tǒng)的“三位一體”的教學(xué)模式是我們視唱練耳教學(xué)模式的終極目標。
[Abstract]:Solfeggio art colleges as an important basis of both theory and comprehensive skills training courses, plays a key role in the process of cultivating students' comprehensive ability in music. Through a questionnaire survey of two College Solfeggio course, I found the traditional Solfeggio teaching mode has the value of education and the goal the lack of understanding of the curriculum problems, at the same time, due to its historical limitations and one sidedness of the theoretical basis of teaching effect, has been increasingly exposed its own difficult to overcome the problem more and more difficult to meet the new era, the article puts forward the solfeggio Curriculum under new new requirements. But the transformation is imperative. What kind of teaching mode is optimized, high-quality teaching mode? Where is the direction of the transformation?
The teaching mode is put forward based on certain theory and educational thoughts, is a kind of teaching theory, teaching thought or simplified form of learning theory, each mode has an inherent theoretical basis, purpose and uniqueness and is determined by the teaching mode, so the theoretical basis of teaching mode research is the premise of the teaching models.
Learning theory can be said to be one of the most developed areas of psychology, it explores the teaching mode from the perspective of "how to learn", has a significant impact on the education idea and teaching reform of many subjects, is bound to the solfeggio course. The impact of behaviorism, cognitivism, humanism as a teaching mode three classic learning theory of solfeggio, maximum penetration.
The behavioral learning theory under the influence of the Solfeggio teaching mode to cultivate students' perception ability of music as the main target. Pay attention to the theory of knowledge and skills learning, the "stimulus response reinforcement" method such as a process of listening training is widely used. Only stay in the understanding of music experience and perception stage, only memory, reproduction, without requiring the understanding and use of teaching and learning, is a simple one-way feedback relationship is isolated, one-sided, the mechanical properties of metaphysics, is a relatively simple, low-level teaching mode.
Consider the cognitive theory under the influence of the Solfeggio teaching mode of the students' cognitive law and on the overall grasp on the laws of internal knowledge and learning from music work as a whole, emphasize knowledge understanding, internalization process and recombination. In the course of the organization better meet the students' habits of listening and hearing thinking is a more advanced, more meaningful teaching mode. The students are no longer passive mechanical training, but can actively participate in learning and thinking in the music, the music appreciation of students has a positive meaning.
The Humanism learning theory under the influence of the Solfeggio teaching mode emphasizes students as the center of teaching, and the emotional significance of environmental and other non intellectual factors in the teaching process. Is an emphasis on "knowledge, love, meaning," integration, promote the overall development of student's ability and personality. Compound teaching mode. The current open education more in line with the concept, to achieve the solfeggio curriculum teaching objectives of the new period better.
Teaching mode is always related to the level of politics, culture, technology, economy and education in a certain historical period. We should keep pace with the times in the choice of teaching mode, and choose the appropriate teaching mode according to the change of teaching objects and contents.
Since entering the new century, the society, the development of science and technology change rapidly, the theory of innovation development, improve the level of national music education, the integration of the global economy, cultural diversity has become an inevitable trend, these have created favorable conditions for the transformation of Solfeggio teaching pattern, but also laid the foundation for the transformation and development of Solfeggio teaching mode.
The use of the three learning theories to guide our Solfeggio Teaching Reform and practice, the establishment of music skills operating system with music behavior skill as the characteristic, to construct the cognitive system of characteristic structure of cognitive thinking, to cultivate emotion will for the characteristics of the affective system of "three in one" teaching mode is our Solfeggio teaching mode the ultimate goal.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：J613.1-4

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 劉鈺;生肖文化教學(xué)課程設(shè)計[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1642557