本文選題：出走 + 歸鄉(xiāng)　； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：徐則臣從1997年開始寫作,迄今為止,已經(jīng)出版五部中短篇小說(shuō)集、四部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō),斬獲多個(gè)文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),部分作品也在國(guó)外流傳。他被稱為是中國(guó)"70后作家的光榮",他的作品"標(biāo)示出了一個(gè)人在青年時(shí)代可能達(dá)到的靈魂眼界"。目前,學(xué)術(shù)界的各種評(píng)論主要集中于徐則臣小說(shuō)的三類題材:"京漂"、"故鄉(xiāng)"和"謎團(tuán)"系列。自《跑步穿過中關(guān)村》面世之后,其作品被冠以"京漂小說(shuō)"、"底層文學(xué)"之名,成為70一代辨識(shí)度高的作家。然而,這對(duì)徐則臣來(lái)說(shuō)并非幸事。盡管他的小說(shuō)涉及"京漂",但由此便定義他是寫"京漂"的作家,這對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)過于片面,徐則臣的小說(shuō)并不僅僅涉及對(duì)社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問題的關(guān)注,在對(duì)瑣碎生活鉅細(xì)靡遺的表現(xiàn)之下,作家的所思所想為一種更加超驗(yàn)、更具思辨性的"出走"主題表達(dá)�！栋�,北京》作為徐則臣的早期代表作,表征的是詩(shī)意天真的北京想象,苦澀的生存現(xiàn)實(shí)被主人公的盲目樂觀沖淡;到了《跑步穿過中關(guān)村》,敦煌開始質(zhì)疑現(xiàn)狀,圓滿的生活理想在現(xiàn)實(shí)的撞擊下出現(xiàn)裂痕;《天上人間》《我們?cè)诒本┫嘤觥贰栋涯樌隆穭t代表了追夢(mèng)人夢(mèng)境的破碎;《夜火車》的出現(xiàn)深化了身份懸空給個(gè)體帶來(lái)的困難。在物質(zhì)主義盛行的當(dāng)下,自我尋求中裹挾著欲望話語(yǔ)的媚俗,個(gè)體置身于固有體制時(shí)心神難寧,"出走"后生存之境艱險(xiǎn)復(fù)雜,個(gè)體與現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的角力遠(yuǎn)沒有結(jié)束,而這些寫作旨趣都凝聚在作家"出走"主題的闡釋之中。因此,論文第一章首先基于文本對(duì)徐則臣小說(shuō)中的出走及回歸意識(shí)作出解讀。出于自我尋求、突圍心靈痼疾、叛逃父輩文化的渴望,小說(shuō)中的人物紛紛告別故土,奔向城市,然而生活的困境仍然存在,于是歸鄉(xiāng)與否成了另一個(gè)需要被正視的難題,作家的表達(dá)旨意是,需要一場(chǎng)身體和靈魂的同步返鄉(xiāng),唯此才能真正心安。第二章從藝術(shù)層面分析徐則臣的寫作特色。作家在寫作中融入了個(gè)人悲觀理想主義者的人生觀,因而"出走"群體的出走必然有理想主義的激情也有理想和現(xiàn)實(shí)抵牾后的悲觀情緒,其次,作家秉持現(xiàn)實(shí)主義寫作的真實(shí)性原則,對(duì)生活進(jìn)行客觀呈現(xiàn),凸現(xiàn)以經(jīng)濟(jì)突變?yōu)樘卣鞯闹袊?guó)城市化實(shí)踐之路的艱深、復(fù)雜以及個(gè)體在此過程中遭遇的疼痛和尷尬。第三章主要闡釋徐則臣小說(shuō)"出走"主題的意義與價(jià)值。在作家的表達(dá)序列中,人物"出走"后遭遇現(xiàn)代化的生存法則,個(gè)人身份已然處于生存基礎(chǔ)和文化意義上的雙重懸空局面,并在一定程度上造成了他們的生存困局,而"出走"群體的歸鄉(xiāng)行為實(shí)際上是以重構(gòu)文化身份的努力突圍當(dāng)下的混沌生活,凸顯行走的力量。與善良、溫情的直白表露不同,徐則臣的小說(shuō)更傾向于對(duì)美好、正大的求解,在求解的過程中釋放人物的焦慮和疑惑,試圖解決精神世界的心安問題。在此番表達(dá)中,作家以無(wú)差別的愛意關(guān)懷著每一個(gè)"出走""個(gè)體,構(gòu)建靈魂關(guān)懷的敘事維度,顯示當(dāng)代英雄的感人力量。
[Abstract]:Xu Zechen began to write in 1997, so far, has published five collections of short stories, four novels, won a number of literary awards, some of the works have also been circulated abroad. He was described as the glory of a post-1970s writer in China, and his work "marked a spiritual vision that one might attain in his youth." At present, various comments in academic circles mainly focus on the three themes of Xu Zichen's novels: Beijing floating, hometown and mystery series. Since the publication of running through Zhongguancun, his works have been dubbed "Beijing drift novel" and "bottom literature", and become a highly recognizable writer of the 70 generation. However, this is not a blessing for Xu Zichen. Although his novel involves "Beijing drift", it defines him as the writer who wrote "Beijing drift", which is too one-sided for him. Xu Zichen's novel is not only concerned with the hot social issues. Under the expression of the great details of trivial life, what the writer thinks is a more transcendental and speculative expression of the theme of "leaving the country". < ah, Beijing, as Xu Zichen's early masterpiece, represents the poetic and naive imagination of Beijing. The bitter reality of existence is watered down by the hero's blind optimism; by the time "running through Zhongguancun", Dunhuang began to question the status quo. The ideal of a satisfactory life is cracked under the impact of reality; "the Earth and Heaven" We meet in Beijing "pull down our face" represents the broken dream of the dreamer; the appearance of "Night Train" deepens the difficulties brought to the individual by the suspense of identity. At the present time when materialism is prevailing, the self-seeking is beset with the vulgarity of the words of desire, the individual is in the inherent system, the state of existence is difficult and complex, and the struggle between the individual and the modernization process is far from over. And these writing purport are condensed in the explanation of the writer's theme of "leaving the country". Therefore, the first chapter of the thesis based on the text of Xu Zichen's novels of the runaway and the sense of return to make an interpretation. Out of self-seeking, the chronic illness of breaking through the mind, the desire to defect the culture of his parents, the characters in the novel bid farewell to their native land and run to the city one after another. However, the dilemma of life still exists, so whether or not to return to one's hometown has become another difficult problem that needs to be faced squarely. The writer's will is that he needs a simultaneous return of body and soul to truly peace of mind. The second chapter analyzes Xu Zichen's writing characteristics from the artistic level. The writer has incorporated the personal pessimistic idealist's outlook on life in his writing, so the exodus of the "runaway" group must have the passion of idealism as well as the pessimism after the contradiction between ideal and reality. Based on the principle of realism, the writer objectively presents his life and highlights the difficulty and complexity of China's urbanization practice characterized by economic catastrophe, as well as the pain and embarrassment encountered by individuals in the process. The third chapter mainly explains the meaning and value of the theme of Xu Zichen's novel runaway. In the expression sequence of the writer, the characters encounter the modern survival law after "leaving", the personal identity is already in the double suspense situation of the survival foundation and the cultural meaning, and to a certain extent caused their survival difficult situation. In fact, the returning behavior of the "runaway" group is to break through the current chaotic life with the effort of reconstructing the cultural identity, and to highlight the power of walking. Different from the direct expression of kindness and warmth, Xu Zichen's novels tend to solve the problem of beauty and justice, release the anxiety and doubt of the characters in the process of solving, and try to solve the problem of mind peace in the spiritual world. In this expression, the writer cares for each "runaway" individual with undifferentiated love, constructs the narrative dimension of soul care, and shows the moving power of the contemporary hero.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I207.42

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