本文選題：民國時(shí)期 + 文以載道�。� 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：“文以載道”是中國古代文論中十分重要的經(jīng)典理論命題,但民國時(shí)期的知識分子曾對其有過一場批判。本選題旨在梳理這場批判,探尋其文化和社會原因,以尋求在新世紀(jì)對“文以載道”乃至其他古代文論應(yīng)作出的闡釋理念,為中國當(dāng)代文學(xué)理論建設(shè)、弘揚(yáng)優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化獻(xiàn)出微薄之力�！拔逅摹毙挛幕\(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)期,思想文化界的先驅(qū)者為確立新的文化話語權(quán),開始了對傳統(tǒng)文化的清算,“文以載道”作為儒家文學(xué)的核心命題首當(dāng)其沖遭到猛烈的批判。以文學(xué)研究會和創(chuàng)造社為代表的知識分子一致反對這一觀念,構(gòu)成了反載道的話語同盟,對其進(jìn)行了比較徹底的解構(gòu)。無產(chǎn)階級革命文學(xué)思潮興起之后,文論界依舊反對文學(xué)的訓(xùn)教意味,但是知識分子開始借用“文以載道”這一話語,把文學(xué)當(dāng)做宣傳的工具。甚至在“五四”時(shí)期批判這一命題的一些文人也轉(zhuǎn)變觀念,修改之前自己的言論,如周作人和郭沫若。其時(shí)文學(xué)的游戲和自娛態(tài)度漸濃,加之政治歷史環(huán)境的影響,文論家們意圖借用“文以載道”這一命題來強(qiáng)化文學(xué)內(nèi)容的歷史使命、社會作用和力量感。當(dāng)新文學(xué)的話語權(quán)基本確立且較為穩(wěn)定之后,有一些學(xué)者以較為冷靜的態(tài)度開始重新思考“文以載道”問題,1932年周作人提出將中國文學(xué)觀念劃分為“言志”與“載道”兩種主流,這一言論激活了學(xué)界對中國古代文學(xué)觀念主流的劃分的探討,相關(guān)學(xué)者對“文以載道”觀展開了一些學(xué)理性研究。民國時(shí)期的知識分子從不遺余力的反“載道”出發(fā),仿佛轉(zhuǎn)了一個(gè)圈,又不自覺地回到新“載道”的路上。究其批判“文以載道”的原因,大抵是由于面對西方的現(xiàn)代化時(shí)產(chǎn)生的文化不自信,使知識分子過分重視文學(xué)扭轉(zhuǎn)乾坤的社會價(jià)值,且在理解西方文學(xué)理論時(shí)帶有前理解結(jié)構(gòu),導(dǎo)致對“文以載道”產(chǎn)生了一些誤解。另一方面,知識分子因其帶有強(qiáng)烈的政治功利主義文學(xué)觀,在反傳統(tǒng)時(shí)沒有進(jìn)行思維模式的轉(zhuǎn)變,從而流入新“載道”。朱自清等人對“文以載道”的研究對當(dāng)代文學(xué)理論建設(shè)有及其重要的方法論意義。要正確認(rèn)識“文以載道”的內(nèi)涵,必須要摒棄一味地用西方和現(xiàn)代文學(xué)觀念的價(jià)值尺度作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),來繩削古代文論的方法論態(tài)度�，F(xiàn)階段的文學(xué)理論研究應(yīng)從空間和時(shí)間兩方面均回歸到其生成的語境,在原生場域中探究其原貌,才有可能最大程度接近真相。
[Abstract]:It is a very important classical theory proposition in ancient Chinese literary theory that "carrying the Tao in the text", but intellectuals in the period of the Republic of China once criticized it. The purpose of this topic is to sort out the criticism, to explore its cultural and social reasons, to seek for the interpretation of "literature with the Tao" and other ancient literary theories in the new century, and to build the contemporary literary theory of China. Carry forward the outstanding traditional culture to give a meager contribution. In the period of the May 4th New Culture Movement, the pioneers in the ideological and cultural circles began to liquidate the traditional culture in order to establish the new cultural discourse right. The intellectuals, represented by the Literary Research Society and the Creative Society, unanimously opposed this idea and formed a discourse alliance against the Tao, which was thoroughly deconstructed. After the proletarian revolutionary literary trend rose, the literary theory still opposed the teaching meaning of literature, but the intellectuals began to use the words "literature to carry the Tao" as a tool of propaganda. Even some scholars who criticized this proposition during the May 4th Movement changed their ideas and revised their previous statements, such as Zhou Zuoren and Guo Moruo. In addition to the influence of the political and historical environment, literary theorists intend to use the proposition of "literature to carry the Tao" to strengthen the historical mission, social role and sense of power of the literary content. When the discourse right of the new literature is basically established and relatively stable, Some scholars began to rethink the question of "writing in order to carry the Tao" with a more calm attitude. In 1932, Zhou Zuoren proposed that the concept of Chinese literature should be divided into two main streams: "expressing one's ambition" and "carrying Tao". This theory activates the academic circles to discuss the division of the mainstream of the ancient Chinese literature, and some scholars have carried out some rational studies on the view of "carrying the Tao in the text". The intellectuals in the period of the Republic of China set out from the unsparing anti-" carrying Tao ", as if they had turned a circle, and unconsciously returned to the new way of" carrying the Tao ". The reason for its criticism of "literature as a way" is probably due to the cultural disconfidence in the face of the modernization of the West, which makes intellectuals pay too much attention to the social value of literature's turning the world, and has a pre-understanding structure in understanding western literary theories. This has led to some misunderstandings about the text as a means of carrying the Tao. On the other hand, intellectuals, because of their strong political utilitarian literary view, did not change their thinking mode when they were opposed to tradition, thus flowing into the new "Tao". Zhu Ziqing et al.'s research on the Tao of Literature is of great methodological significance to the construction of contemporary literary theory. In order to correctly understand the connotation of "literature carrying Tao", we must abandon the methodological attitude of blindly using the value scale of western and modern literary concepts as the standard to cut off the ancient literary theory. At the present stage, literary theory research should return to the context of its formation from both space and time, and explore its original appearance in the original field, so that it can approach the truth as close as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I206

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