本文選題：西周 + 飲食描寫��； 參考：《青海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：《詩經(jīng)》作為我國(guó)古代詩歌的開端,盛開在美麗的先秦時(shí)代,它通過305篇樂歌向我們展現(xiàn)了兩千多年前人們的生活面貌。它產(chǎn)生的年代,上可追溯到西周初年,下可延伸至春秋中葉。所謂“食色,性也”,《詩經(jīng)》中的飲食描寫有近百處,這些飲食描寫或生動(dòng)或平實(shí),或莊重肅穆或言笑晏晏,都詮釋著西周時(shí)期獨(dú)有的思想和文化。食物屬于《詩經(jīng)》名物研究領(lǐng)域的自然名物部分,飲食器具卻又屬于人工名物部分,涉及范圍較廣,現(xiàn)有的研究成果只散見于一些學(xué)者的專著和論文中,而從《詩經(jīng)》入手,全面分析《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫的研究成果少之又少。所以筆者嘗試從《詩經(jīng)》文本出發(fā),多角度、多層次地分析《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫中所蘊(yùn)含的價(jià)值與文化意蘊(yùn),探討《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫所體現(xiàn)的周人思想。本文分為緒論、正文、結(jié)語三部分。緒論部分主要梳理了前人對(duì)于《詩經(jīng)》名物、民俗和《詩經(jīng)》飲食的研究成果,闡述選題意義,說明本論文的創(chuàng)新之處及其所采用的研究方法。正文部分分為三章,大致內(nèi)容如下:第一章,為《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫。主要分為“飲食結(jié)構(gòu)”、“飲食器具”兩個(gè)大類別,首先借助《說文解字》、《爾雅》、《釋名》、《毛詩正義》等一系列文獻(xiàn)資料,對(duì)《詩經(jīng)》中飲食描寫涉及到的飲食、器具名稱進(jìn)行考釋,其次對(duì)每個(gè)名物從寫什么、如何寫的角度,分析其在詩中的意義、特色與作用,認(rèn)為《詩經(jīng)》飲食之描寫,顯現(xiàn)出不同于現(xiàn)代社會(huì)飯菜分離的飲食結(jié)構(gòu),它模糊了飯菜的區(qū)別,卻更深刻地體現(xiàn)了食者地位的懸殊。第二章,重點(diǎn)論述了《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫的價(jià)值,包括“《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫的文學(xué)價(jià)值”、“《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫的藝術(shù)審美價(jià)值”和“《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫的認(rèn)識(shí)價(jià)值”。關(guān)于文學(xué)價(jià)值,本文著重探討了《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫中食物和器具復(fù)雜的象征意味和巧妙的敘事手法,尤其是當(dāng)飲食描寫與人的情志融合時(shí),散發(fā)的濃郁情味;藝術(shù)審美方面,偏向于探尋先秦食物質(zhì)樸的風(fēng)格及對(duì)器物精致的塑造,體現(xiàn)了周人注重內(nèi)在的人生態(tài)度;認(rèn)識(shí)價(jià)值方面,則重在對(duì)孔子“多識(shí)鳥獸草木之名”觀念的解釋與對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)農(nóng)業(yè)文明的促進(jìn)作用,認(rèn)識(shí)到孔子的“詩教”既在于識(shí)物,更在于名物所蘊(yùn)含的審美意味與社會(huì)意味。第三章,主要對(duì)《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫所蘊(yùn)含的文化意蘊(yùn)進(jìn)行了探討。首先闡明了飲食之禮在祭祀詩和宴飲詩中體現(xiàn)著周人強(qiáng)烈的理性精神和嚴(yán)密的規(guī)范意識(shí),其次探討了周禮對(duì)西周社會(huì)文化起維護(hù)等級(jí)制社會(huì)秩序、引導(dǎo)族群和諧安寧、加強(qiáng)群體凝聚力、尊老養(yǎng)老等功用,最后闡明了《詩經(jīng)》飲食描寫中所體現(xiàn)的周人思想觀念:敬天保民、道之以德、以和為貴。飲食與禮樂配合著統(tǒng)治階級(jí)的需要而出現(xiàn)于詩經(jīng)中,最終目的還是在于維護(hù)周天子的統(tǒng)治秩序及其倡導(dǎo)的倫理道德,從這方面講,飲食描寫有著明顯的功利性。結(jié)語部分則對(duì)本文作了簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié),并對(duì)自己在寫作過程中可能存在的問題和不足作了自我批評(píng)。
[Abstract]:The Book of songs, as the beginning of ancient Chinese poetry, bloomed in the beautiful pre-Qin period. It showed us the life of people more than 2,000 years ago through 305 songs. Its generation dates back to the early Western Zhou Dynasty and extends to the middle of the Spring and Autumn period. The so-called "eating color, sex is also", the "Book of songs" in the description of diet there are nearly 100, these dietary descriptions are vivid or plain, or solemn Yan Yan, interpretation of the Western Zhou Dynasty unique ideas and culture. Food belongs to the natural part of the research field of the Book of songs, while the food utensils belong to the part of artificial famous objects, which covers a wide range. The existing research results are only scattered in the monographs and papers of some scholars, and start with the Book of songs. The comprehensive analysis of the Diet description of the Book of songs is rare. Therefore, the author tries to analyze the value and cultural implication contained in the diet description of the Book of songs from various angles and from various angles, and probes into the Zhou people's thought embodied in the diet description of the Book of songs. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part mainly combs the predecessors' research achievements on the famous objects, folklore and diet of the Book of songs, expounds the significance of the selected topic, and explains the innovation of this paper and the research methods adopted in this paper. The main body is divided into three chapters. The main contents are as follows: the first chapter is the description of diet in the Book of songs. It is mainly divided into two categories: "Dietary structure" and "Catering utensils". First of all, with the help of a series of documents and materials, such as "Shuo Wen Jie Zi", < er ya >, "explanation of names", "Mao Shi Jie" and so on, the diet described in the Book of songs is related to the diet. Secondly, from the angle of what to write and how to write, to analyze the meaning, characteristics and functions of each famous thing in the poem, and to think that the description of diet in the Book of songs shows a diet structure different from the separation of food in modern society. It obscures the difference between meals, but more profoundly reflects the disparity in the status of a predator. The second chapter focuses on the value of diet description in the Book of songs, including the Literary value of Diet description, the artistic Aesthetic value of Diet description and the Cognitive value of Diet description in the Book of songs. With regard to literary value, this paper focuses on the complex symbolic meaning and ingenious narrative techniques of food and utensils in the diet description of the Book of songs. In favor of exploring the pristine style of food in the pre-Qin period and the exquisite shaping of the utensils, the Zhou people pay attention to their inner attitude towards life and understand the value. It focuses on the explanation of Confucius' concept of "knowing more about the name of birds, animals, plants and trees" and its promotion to the agricultural civilization at that time. It is realized that Confucius'"poetic education" lies not only in the knowledge of things, but also in the aesthetic and social meanings contained in the famous things. The third chapter mainly discusses the cultural implication of the diet description in the Book of songs. First of all, it expounds that the ritual of diet embodies the strong rational spirit and strict normative consciousness of Zhou people in the poems of sacrifice and banquets, and then probes into the idea that the rites of the Zhou Dynasty maintain the social order of hierarchy and guide the harmony of ethnic groups to the social culture of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Finally, the author expounds the Zhou people's ideology embodied in the description of diet in the Book of songs: respecting heaven and protecting the people, virtue as the Tao, and harmony as the most precious. The ultimate purpose of food and music in line with the needs of the ruling class in the Book of songs is to maintain the ruling order of the emperor of Zhou and the ethics advocated by him. In this respect, the description of diet has obvious utilitarian. The conclusion makes a brief summary and self-criticism of the possible problems and shortcomings in the process of writing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I207.22

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