本文選題：余華 + 父親形象　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在中國文學(xué)的浩繁卷帙里,有一類人物形象一直占據(jù)著的不可忽視的位置。它不僅在數(shù)量上引人關(guān)注,而且?guī)捉?jīng)文學(xué)的變革依然在文學(xué)作品里長盛不衰�！案赣H”不僅是古老中國流傳下來的文化符號(hào),鑄就了華夏民族穩(wěn)定的價(jià)值體系;更在漫長的社會(huì)變遷中不斷衍生出新的內(nèi)涵并始終影響著人們的價(jià)值觀念�！案赣H”的價(jià)值指向代表了人們心靈的歸屬感甚至成為一種精神信仰。在這樣的觀念影響下,一代又一代的中國作家們持續(xù)敘述著這個(gè)讓他們依戀信仰卻又渴望叛離的人物�！案赣H”代表的文化沉疴讓他們奮起反叛,寄希望于顛覆這個(gè)圣壇以追求個(gè)人的幸福與濟(jì)世的理想;然而長久的文化心理的積淀又讓他們常常裹足難行。既離開又懷念;既反抗又懷疑。這樣的矛盾心理讓父親形象承載了一般人物形象難以具有的深刻的思想意蘊(yùn)和社會(huì)內(nèi)涵。余華即是這支艱難而執(zhí)著前行的隊(duì)伍中的一員。無論是已成為經(jīng)典的《活著》、《許三觀賣血記》,作為學(xué)術(shù)熱點(diǎn)的《兄弟》和《第七天》,還是初出茅廬時(shí)的諸多短篇,余華都為中國文學(xué)貢獻(xiàn)了無數(shù)個(gè)鮮活的父親形象。余華的寫作開始于八十年代,此時(shí)正值新的文學(xué)啟蒙的開始,文學(xué)在長時(shí)間壓抑的狀態(tài)下終于“解凍”,“父親”形象的塑造在第一時(shí)間成為了這一社會(huì)和文學(xué)動(dòng)態(tài)的風(fēng)向標(biāo):丑陋、道德淪喪的父親形象充斥于形形色色的文學(xué)作品中。余華與其他的先鋒作家共同致力于塑造突破常規(guī)的父親形象來表達(dá)他的文學(xué)理想,也表現(xiàn)出了明顯的疏離和個(gè)性。余華筆下的“父親”折射著八九十年代那個(gè)狂飆突進(jìn)的文學(xué)時(shí)代的風(fēng)貌,同時(shí)打上了作家自己的深深烙印。梳理余華的父親形象系列,我們可以看到反叛傳統(tǒng)的大膽、也可以看到為傳統(tǒng)影響的印痕;可以發(fā)現(xiàn)為倫理遮蔽的人性的丑惡,也可以感受到那些似善非惡的“中間凡人”帶來的深刻的悲憫和博大的情懷。在當(dāng)代文學(xué)似乎終于找到了那方徹底脫離傳統(tǒng)牽絆的凈土?xí)r,其實(shí)已經(jīng)難以避免地陷入落入新的“傳統(tǒng)”的危機(jī)中。余華以開啟新文學(xué)的激情匯入先鋒文學(xué)的潮流,又時(shí)刻以一顆冷靜的內(nèi)心和睿智的雙眼審視當(dāng)下。余華筆下的父親形象系列為我們展現(xiàn):他沒有為自己設(shè)定過一條文學(xué)寫作的規(guī)范和準(zhǔn)則,也從沒有認(rèn)為自己屬于哪個(gè)文學(xué)流派。余華只是在用“父親”寫自己、寫人生、寫現(xiàn)實(shí)。從“先鋒”出發(fā),又走向新的“先鋒”。余華的父親世界填補(bǔ)了我們迷失已久的人與真實(shí),為我們提供了深刻思考文學(xué)本質(zhì)的精神內(nèi)涵。
[Abstract]:In the voluminous volume of Chinese literature, there is a kind of character image that can not be ignored. It not only attracts attention in quantity, but also continues to flourish in literary works after several literary changes. "Father" is not only a cultural symbol handed down from ancient China, but also a stable value system of the Chinese nation. The value of "Father" represents a sense of spiritual belonging and even a spiritual belief. Under the influence of such ideas, Chinese writers from generation to generation continue to describe the character who makes them clinging to faith but eager to rebel. "Father" represents a culture that causes them to rise up and rebel, hoping to subvert the altar in pursuit of personal happiness and the ideal of helping the world; however, the accumulation of long-term cultural psychology often makes it difficult for them to do so. Leave and miss; revolt and doubt. Such contradictory psychology makes the father image carry the profound ideological meaning and social connotation which the general character image is difficult to possess. Yu Hua is a member of this tough and persistent team. Whether it has become a classic "alive", "Xu Sanguan selling Blood", as a hot academic "Brother" and "the Seventh Day", or a lot of short stories in the early days, Yu Hua has contributed countless vivid father images to Chinese literature. Yu Hua's writing began in the 1980s, when the new literary enlightenment began, and the literature finally "thawed" in a state of prolonged repression. The creation of the image of "Father" became the vane of the social and literary trends in the first time: the ugly, morally depraved image of the father was filled with various literary works. Yu Hua and other vanguard writers committed themselves to portray his literary ideal by breaking through the conventional image of his father, and also showed obvious alienation and individuality. Yu Hua's "Father" reflects the style of the soaring literary era in the eighties and nineties, and at the same time marks the writer's own deep imprint. Combing Yu Hua's father image series, we can see the boldness of rebellious tradition, as well as the imprint of traditional influence; we can find the ugly human nature that is obscured by ethics. We can also feel the deep compassion and broad feelings brought about by the "middle mortals" who seem to be good and evil. When contemporary literature seems to have finally found the Pure Land, which is completely separated from the traditional straits, it is unavoidable to fall into the crisis of the new "tradition". Yu Hua enters the vanguard literature trend by opening the passion of new literature, and examines the present with a calm heart and wise eyes. Yu Hua's father image series shows us that he has not set a standard and criterion for his literary writing, nor has he ever considered himself to belong to any literary school. Yu Hua is just writing about himself, life and reality with his father. Starting from the vanguard, we are heading for a new vanguard. Yu Hua's father world filled our lost people and reality, and provided us with the spiritual connotation of thinking deeply about the essence of literature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I207.42

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