本文選題：順應(yīng)理論 + 大學(xué)英語寫作教學(xué)��； 參考：《青島科技大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 大學(xué)英語寫作教學(xué)大綱對寫作的具體要求是切題,思想表達(dá)清楚、文字通順,連貫性較好和語言錯誤較少。切題是指在形式上諸如段落、字?jǐn)?shù)、文體、格式等方面滿足題目要求,并在內(nèi)容上沒有偏差;表達(dá)清楚、條理清晰;著眼于學(xué)生對文章結(jié)構(gòu)的掌握,要求文章主題觀點(diǎn)明確,論證陳述主次分明;文字通暢,連貫性較好,針對學(xué)生對過渡句和連接詞或詞組掌握運(yùn)用程度的考察,要求文章句子內(nèi)部與句子之間連貫通順;語言錯誤較少,旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生語言基本功的掌握。但是許多學(xué)生的寫作水平遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)達(dá)不到如上要求,寫作中的問題主要表現(xiàn)為學(xué)生對詞匯短語的選擇及詞語搭配不恰當(dāng),詞匯短語的選擇運(yùn)用不符合語言邏輯和使用規(guī)范,寫作中句式單一,文章平淡呆板;句子之間銜接不夠緊湊,很多句子只做到了意義上的連貫,而缺少形式上必要的連接和過渡等。 目前大學(xué)英語寫作教學(xué)通常采用的方法有結(jié)果法、過程法和體裁教學(xué)法。這些寫作方法培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的思維和語言表達(dá)能力,使學(xué)生掌握了相對穩(wěn)定、可以依賴的語篇模式,在指導(dǎo)學(xué)生寫作方面收到了較好的效果。然而,這些方法在提高學(xué)生寫作積極性及創(chuàng)造性、重視寫作內(nèi)容、文章多樣性的兼顧方面存在不足。 順應(yīng)理論屬于語用學(xué)范疇,認(rèn)為使用語言就是選擇語言,不管這種選擇是出于內(nèi)部的還是外部的原因。語言的使用者之所以可以在語言使用的過程中做出恰當(dāng)選擇,其原因就是語言本身具有三個主要的特征:變異性、協(xié)商性和順應(yīng)性。語言的順應(yīng)性特征使得人類在使用語言時可以從備選項中做出最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇,以達(dá)到滿足交際需要的目的。順應(yīng)性包括四項要素:語境關(guān)系順應(yīng),語言結(jié)構(gòu)順應(yīng),結(jié)構(gòu)客體順應(yīng)和順應(yīng)過程特性。寫作就是使用語言,寫作的過程也就是選擇的過程,它不僅包括詞匯短語的選擇,句式的選擇,也包括語篇和語體等方面的選擇。 本文以順應(yīng)理論中語境關(guān)系順應(yīng)和語言結(jié)構(gòu)順應(yīng)作為理論基礎(chǔ),通過問卷調(diào)查,結(jié)合目前大學(xué)英語寫作中存在的問題,采取案例分析,展開試驗教學(xué),探索順應(yīng)理論如何指導(dǎo)大學(xué)英語寫作及其有效性。 試驗教學(xué)主要選取了青島科技大學(xué)傳播與動漫學(xué)院二年級34名學(xué)生作為受試,設(shè)計了一系列的步驟與方法。首先通過問卷調(diào)查,明確學(xué)生對議論文寫作和教學(xué)的看法。通過對順應(yīng)理論及相關(guān)知識的傳授,進(jìn)行了為期一個學(xué)期的教學(xué)試驗,以學(xué)生的習(xí)作作為前測和后測的樣本,加以對比分析,驗證了順應(yīng)理論的有效性。筆者將這一方法命名為“歷時-分步-寫作法”。通過對比前測和后測的效果,說明順應(yīng)理論中語境關(guān)系順應(yīng)和語言結(jié)構(gòu)順應(yīng)在英語寫作教學(xué)中對改進(jìn)學(xué)生英語寫作水平所發(fā)揮的作用。 研究結(jié)果表明,將語境關(guān)系順應(yīng)和語言結(jié)構(gòu)順應(yīng)兩個方面融入到大學(xué)英語寫作教學(xué)中作用是明顯的,表現(xiàn)在內(nèi)容選擇、語言文字組織、思想表達(dá)以及篇章整合等方面,從而有效提高學(xué)生的寫作水平。本研究具有一定的教學(xué)指導(dǎo)意義,值得教師在教學(xué)中加以嘗試探索。本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于基于順應(yīng)理論的“歷時-分步-寫作法”的提出,有利于整合目前大學(xué)英語寫作教學(xué)方法的優(yōu)勢于教學(xué)中。
[Abstract]:The specific requirements for writing in the syllabus of College English writing are specific, clear, fluent, consistent, consistent, and less erroneous. In the form of forms such as paragraphs, words, styles and formats, there are no deviations in content, clear expression, clear rules, and a view of the students to the article. The mastery of the structure requires a clear theme, a clear subject and a clear statement, a smooth and coherent text, a study of the students' use of the transition sentences and connectives or phrases, which requires a coherent and fluent sentence between the sentences inside and the sentences, and less language errors, aiming at emphasizing the mastery of the basic skills of the students' language. The students' writing level is far from required. The main problems in writing are students' choice of words and phrases and inappropriate words and phrases. The selection and use of lexical phrases do not conform to the logic of language and the use of norms. The sentences in the writing are simple and dull; the connection between the sentences is not compact enough, and many sentences only do it. Coherence and lack of formal connection and transition.
At present, the methods commonly used in College English writing teaching are the result method, process method and genre teaching method. These methods cultivate students' ability of thinking and language expression, make students master the relatively stable, dependent discourse pattern, and receive good results in guiding students' writing. However, these methods are improving learning. There are deficiencies in the enthusiasm and creativity of writing, the importance of writing content and the diversity of articles.
The theory of adaptation belongs to the category of pragmatics. The use of language is the choice of language, regardless of the internal or external reasons. The reason why the language users can make the appropriate choice in the process of language use is that the language itself has three main features: variability, negotiability and compliance. The adaptation characteristics of the speech make the human being able to make the most appropriate choice in the use of the language in order to meet the needs of the communicative needs. Compliance includes four elements: contextual relationship adaptation, linguistic structure adaptation, structural object adaptation and adaptation to the process characteristics. Writing is the use of language, the process of writing is the choice. It includes not only the choice of lexical phrases, the choice of sentence patterns, but also the choice of discourse and style.
This paper, based on the adaptation of contextual relations and linguistic structure adaptation in the adaptation theory, is based on the questionnaire survey, combining with the existing problems in the present college English writing, taking case analysis, carrying out experimental teaching, exploring how the adaptation theory can guide college English writing and its effectiveness.
The experimental teaching mainly selected 34 students of grade two of the school of communication and animation of Qingdao University of Science & Technology as subjects, designed a series of steps and methods. First, through a questionnaire survey, the students' views on the writing and teaching of argumentative papers were clearly defined. Taking the students' work as the sample of the pre test and post test, the validity of the adaptation theory is verified by comparison and analysis. The author named this method "diachronic step writing method". By comparing the effect of pre test and post test, it shows that the adaptation theory in the adaptation theory and the language structure adaptation improve the students in the teaching of English writing. The role of the English writing level.
The results show that it is obvious that the two aspects of contextual relationship adaptation and linguistic structure adaptation are integrated into the teaching of College English writing, which can effectively improve the writing level of students in the aspects of content selection, language organization, ideological expression and text integration. Teachers try to explore in teaching. The innovation of this article lies in the "diachronic - step - writing method" based on the adaptation theory, which is beneficial to the integration of the advantages of the present teaching methods of College English writing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：H319

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