最近,大量的合成納米材料被廣泛用于制藥,電子,化妝品,診斷成像,光熱療法,核酸傳遞,催化和材料科學(xué),環(huán)境修復(fù)以及清潔能源生產(chǎn)醫(yī)療設(shè)備,紡織等行業(yè)中。大量的合成納米材料釋放到市政污水處理廠中造成了污染。廣泛用于市政廢水處理的序批式反應(yīng)器(SBR)傳統(tǒng)上并不是以去除納米顆粒而設(shè)計的。目前,ZrO₂-NPs對SBR系統(tǒng)性能的影響仍然未知。在這項研究中,使用實(shí)驗室規(guī)模的SBR系統(tǒng)研究ZrO₂-NPs在不同粒徑條件下(例如:200nm,100nm,50nm和15nm)對活性污泥性能及其特性和細(xì)菌群落動態(tài)的影響。實(shí)驗室規(guī)模的浸沒式SBR系統(tǒng)連續(xù)在納米材料的脅迫下連續(xù)運(yùn)行72天。在運(yùn)行72天后發(fā)現(xiàn),濃度為0.1g/L的ZrO₂-NP(200nm,100nm,50nm和15nm)會對氮,磷和COD(化學(xué)需氧量)的去除產(chǎn)生不利影響。SBR-C對照組實(shí)驗表示不添加NP的反應(yīng)器中NH₄⁺-N為(88.9±1.7%),但SBR-T中,NH₄⁺-N的去除率顯著...

【文章頁數(shù)】：127 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
List of Abbreviations
CHAPTER 1-INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Significance of phosphorus (P) and Nitrogen (N) removal from wastewater
        1.1.1 Treatment method of phosphorus-containing sewage
        1.1.2 Biological nitrogen removal mechanism
    1.2 Present uses of nano-enabled water treatment composites (NWTCs)
        1.2.1 Physiochemical properties of ZrO₂ nanoparticle
        1.2.2 Size -dependent toxicity of nanoparticles
        1.2.3 Negative impacts of nanoparticles on sewage water treatment
        1.2.4 Fate of Nanoparticle release into the environment
    1.3 Pertinence of nanoparticles in wastewater sludge
    1.4 Modified NPs size induced effect on wastewater sludge
    1.5 Mechanism of NPs toxicity on activated sludge system
        1.5.1 Nano-bio interaction in wastewater and sludge environment
        1.5.2 Impact of NPs on microbial diversity
        1.5.3 Effects of NPs on biological phosphorus removal
        1.5.4 Effects of NPs on nitrification and denitrification
        1.5.5 Effects of NPs on organic-degradation microbial communities
    1.6 Importance of present study
        1.6.1 Motivation of research
        1.6.2 Study gapes
        1.6.3 Study objectives
CHAPTER 2-MATERIAL AND METHODS
    2.1 The seed sludge sample collection (Tianjin WWTP facility)
    2.2 Experimental Instruments
    2.3 Experimental setup
    2.4 Synthetic municipal wastewater feed
    2.5 Operating conditions in the SBR system
    2.6 Adjacent sludge influent flow distribution design
    2.7 Analytical methods
        2.7.1 Wastewater characteristics
        2.7.2 Total Phosphorus
        2.7.3 Chemical oxygen demand (COD)
        2.7.4 NH4
+-N,NO3
-

        2.7.5 Determination of polysaccharides (PS)
    2.8 Sludge characteristics
    2.9 Bacterial community dynamics
        2.9.1 Steps of Gel Electrophoresis
        2.9.2 Steps for clone sequencing
    2.10 FISH (rRNA-targeted oligonucleotides)
        2.10.1 Optimization of reaction conditions and process
        2.10.2 Optimization of FISH hybridization conditions
        2.10.3 DAPI counter staining
    2.11 Scanning electron microscopy (Activated sludge morphology)
CHAPTER 3-SYNTHESIS OF ZrO₂ NANOPARTICLES
    3.1 Chemicals
    3.2 Preparation method and material
    3.3 Powder X-ray diffraction of pure ZrO₂

    3.4 FT-IR spectrum of pure ZrO₂ (precursors substances)
    3.5 XRD and SEM growth patterns of ZrO₂ nanoparticle crystal formation
CHAPTER 4-RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
    4.1 Reactor startup by using adjacent influent load distribution scheme
        4.1.1 Sludge biomass density
        4.1.2 Characteristics of Sludge during reactor startup
        4.1.3 Pattern of DO (dissolved oxygen) and pH
    4.2 Effect of ZrO₂-NPs on wastewater treatment
        4.2.1 Effect of ZrO₂-NPs on Wastewater
        4.2.2 Effect of ZrO₂-NPs on MLSS and MLVSS
        4.2.3 Effect of ZrO₂-NPs on the formation of polysaccharide (PS)
        4.2.4 Nitrification inhibition assay
    4.4 Morphological changes on the sludge surface
    4.5 Effect of ZrO₂ NPs on Nitrifying and polyphosphate accumulating organisms
        4.5.1 16SrDNA sequence analysis
        4.5.2 Bacterial diversity when exposed at different ZrO₂ NPs
        4.5.3 Physiochemical parameteter changes with ZrO₂ NPs exposure
        4.5.4 Influence of ZrO₂ NPs on phylum level abundance and functional diversity prediction in wastewater
    4.6 FISH-Analysis (before and after nano-ZrO₂ exposure)
CHAPTER 5-CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
ACADEMIC PAPERS PUBLISHED DURING THE STUDY FOR A MASTER SDEGREE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT



本文編號：3959607

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