【摘要】：花生是人們?nèi)粘Ｉ詈蜕a(chǎn)中十分重要油脂來源。隨著人口數(shù)量的增加對和對花生營養(yǎng)價值的開發(fā),人們對油脂的市場需求量也日漸增加,這對于任何一個花生出口國家都是一個巨大的潛在市場和發(fā)展機(jī)遇。我國出口的花生不僅有量大的優(yōu)勢,同時還要質(zhì)優(yōu)的長處,是我國數(shù)量不多的可以與其他農(nóng)業(yè)大國競爭不相上下的優(yōu)勢農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。所以,重視和促進(jìn)我國花生生產(chǎn)不僅可以增加花生出口量,優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)展新產(chǎn)業(yè),激發(fā)新動力,還可以降低我國對進(jìn)口油脂的依靠程度,促進(jìn)我國油脂產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。山東省花生種植范圍十分廣泛,17個地市中都有花生種植,并且總產(chǎn)量高,單產(chǎn)水平高于全國平均水平,出口量和總產(chǎn)量都位于全國前列。概括起來主要分布在在膠東半島地區(qū)、魯中南丘陵區(qū)和魯西南這三個地區(qū)。山東省是溫帶季風(fēng)氣候,光照充足,河湖眾多,水源也比較充足,溫度和濕度都適合種植花生,借助這些得天獨(dú)厚的自然條件,山東省生產(chǎn)的花生個頭大品質(zhì)優(yōu),在山東是出口的貨物中占據(jù)重要位置,山東省也逐漸成為獲得廣泛認(rèn)可的花生產(chǎn)地之一。然而,山東生產(chǎn)和出口的花生存在有一些優(yōu)勢,但同時山東省花生出口中還存在著很多問題,本論文在研究國內(nèi)國外花生出口的參考文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對比分析2006年—2015年的花生出口金額和出口數(shù)量,選取了2006年—2015年的花生產(chǎn)量、花生出口額、花生出口價格、農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械總動力、化肥施用量、公共財政預(yù)算收入、匯率作為樣本數(shù)據(jù),利用SPSS軟件進(jìn)行了計量分析,通過對影響花生出口的因素的分析,為下一步找出花生出口存在的問題:花生產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模方面的問題、出口產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)不牢固、政府扶持力度不足、受綠色貿(mào)易壁壘制約等,這嚴(yán)重地阻礙了山東花生產(chǎn)業(yè)的長期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展,需要引起我們足夠的重視并找出合適的對策。借助之前章節(jié)的研究并在這個基礎(chǔ)上提出具體明確解決方法,要發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),增加花生產(chǎn)量,擴(kuò)大出口;增加政府方面的補(bǔ)貼加大政府對龍頭企業(yè)的扶持力度;利用改進(jìn)科技改進(jìn)加工技術(shù)穩(wěn)固出口產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)等,進(jìn)而逐步提高山東出口花生的競爭優(yōu)勢,通借助花生出口貿(mào)易帶動山東省出口貿(mào)易額的上升,促進(jìn)山東省整體國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長。本論文是從山東省的角度出發(fā),研究花生出口問題,一定程度上幫助山東省政府有關(guān)部門更準(zhǔn)確更深入地了解本省花生出產(chǎn)和出口情況,制定行之有效的花生出口管理政策和法規(guī),幫助山東花生出口企業(yè)把握市場行情和了解市場需求,調(diào)整生產(chǎn)和出口,從而生產(chǎn)適銷對路的花生出口產(chǎn)品。
[Abstract]:Peanut is a very important source of oil in people's daily life and production. With the increase of population and the development of peanut nutrition value, the market demand for peanut oil is increasing day by day, which is a huge potential market and development opportunity for any peanut export country. The peanut exported by our country not only has the advantage of large quantity, but also has the advantage of superior quality, which is the superior agricultural product of our country which is not large enough to compete with other big agricultural countries. Therefore, paying attention to and promoting peanut production in China can not only increase peanut export volume, optimize agricultural production structure, develop new industry, stimulate new power, but also reduce the degree of dependence on imported oils and promote the development of oil industry in China. Peanut planting range is very extensive in Shandong Province, peanut is planted in 17 cities, and the total yield is high, the unit yield level is higher than the national average level, and the export volume and total output are in the forefront of the whole country. Generally speaking, it is mainly distributed in Jiaodong Peninsula, Central and South Shandong hilly area and southwest Shandong. Shandong Province is a temperate monsoon climate, with ample light, plenty of rivers and lakes, abundant water sources, and temperature and humidity are suitable for growing peanuts. With the help of these unique natural conditions, the peanuts produced in Shandong Province are of high quality. Shandong is an important export of goods, Shandong Province has gradually become one of the widely recognized peanut production. However, there are some advantages in peanut production and export in Shandong Province, but there are still many problems in peanut export in Shandong Province. By comparing and analyzing the amount and quantity of peanut export from 2006 to 2015, the peanut output, peanut export value, peanut export price, the total power of agricultural machinery, the amount of fertilizer applied, and the public budget income were selected. The exchange rate is taken as the sample data, the econometric analysis is carried out by using SPSS software, through the analysis of the factors influencing peanut export, the problems existing in peanut export are found out for the next step: the problem of peanut industry scale, the foundation of export industry is not firm. The lack of government support and the restriction of green trade barriers have seriously hindered the long-term and stable development of peanut industry in Shandong Province. Therefore, we should pay enough attention to it and find out appropriate countermeasures. With the help of the research of the previous chapters and on the basis of this, the paper puts forward concrete and definite solutions to develop agricultural production, increase peanut production, expand exports, increase government subsidies and increase government support for leading enterprises. By improving science and technology, improving processing technology, and so on, to stabilize the export industrial base, and thus gradually enhance the competitive advantage of Shandong's export of peanuts, leading to an increase in Shandong's export trade with the aid of peanut export trade. To promote the growth of the overall national economy in Shandong Province. From the point of view of Shandong Province, this paper studies the issue of peanut export, to a certain extent, helps the relevant departments of the Shandong Provincial Government to understand more accurately and deeply the peanut production and export situation in this province. To establish effective peanut export management policies and regulations to help Shandong peanut export enterprises grasp the market situation and understand market demand, adjust production and export, so as to produce marketable peanut export products.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.7;F752.62

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