本文選題：能源價格扭曲　切入點：環(huán)境規(guī)制　出處：《安徽財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前中國多數(shù)城市都出現(xiàn)了霧霾天氣,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)的地區(qū)情況尤為嚴(yán)重。環(huán)境污染問題已成為我國研究的熱點和重點,緩解生態(tài)赤字、改變?nèi)找鎼夯沫h(huán)境形勢迫在眉睫。環(huán)境規(guī)制是國家改善環(huán)境質(zhì)量的重要手段,同時我國工業(yè)化發(fā)展迅猛能源消費(fèi)量與日俱增,能源非市場化導(dǎo)致的價格扭曲又不可避免的加劇了環(huán)境污染。環(huán)境規(guī)制對環(huán)境質(zhì)量具有改善作用而能源價格扭曲對環(huán)境質(zhì)量具有反向影響,那么兩個因素共同作用對環(huán)境質(zhì)量如何影響需要進(jìn)一步研究。本文重點關(guān)注我國環(huán)境質(zhì)量在兩個因素共同作用下的效果,以及能源價格扭曲、經(jīng)濟(jì)水平、工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和制度等因素影響我國環(huán)境質(zhì)量改善的發(fā)展前景。首先使用經(jīng)典的道格拉斯生產(chǎn)函數(shù)法來測算我國的能源價格扭曲程度,結(jié)果表明各地區(qū)確實存在能源價格扭曲且均為負(fù)向扭曲,能源價格低于實際價值。其中東部地區(qū)的能源價格扭曲程度最高、西部地區(qū)程度較低,并且近十幾年來能源價格扭曲程度都呈現(xiàn)了不同水平的下降趨勢。環(huán)境規(guī)制強(qiáng)度的測算結(jié)果則顯示全國各地區(qū)的規(guī)制強(qiáng)度都在增加,但是環(huán)境規(guī)制水平不高。近兩年的增長幅度明顯變緩甚至出現(xiàn)減弱的現(xiàn)象,表明我國對環(huán)境規(guī)制的重視度有待加強(qiáng)。實證部分選擇帶有交叉項的計量模型來衡量兩個因素交互作用對環(huán)境質(zhì)量的影響效果�；陟o態(tài)面板固定效應(yīng)模型的實證結(jié)果顯示能源價格扭曲的存在削弱了環(huán)境規(guī)制的積極效果,而環(huán)境規(guī)制與能源價格扭曲的共同作用對環(huán)境質(zhì)量呈現(xiàn)U型影響效果�；谝徊较到y(tǒng)GMM模型的實證結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)因變量環(huán)境污染在短期內(nèi)具有持續(xù)消極作用,影響下一期的環(huán)境質(zhì)量。而兩個因素的交互作用也具有U型影響效果,目前我國正處于轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)鍵階段,開始微弱的促進(jìn)環(huán)境質(zhì)量改善但效果不顯著。兩種計量模型的結(jié)論基本一致。因此我們認(rèn)為兩個因素對環(huán)境的共同作用開始加深了環(huán)境污染,隨著環(huán)境規(guī)制加強(qiáng)和能源價格扭曲的減弱后又開始改善環(huán)境質(zhì)量。東部地區(qū)已過了拐點,環(huán)境規(guī)制占主導(dǎo)地位。中西部地區(qū)還未過拐點處,要素價格扭曲起主導(dǎo)作用。而我國目前整體正處于轉(zhuǎn)折點處,重視環(huán)境規(guī)制與各因素綜合作用對改善我國環(huán)境質(zhì)量至關(guān)重要。
[Abstract]:At present, most cities in China are experiencing haze weather, especially in economically developed areas. Environmental pollution has become a hot spot and focus of research in China, and the ecological deficit has been alleviated. It is urgent to change the deteriorating environmental situation. Environmental regulation is an important means to improve the environmental quality of the country, and the rapid development of energy consumption is increasing in China. The price distortion caused by non-marketization of energy inevitably intensifies the environmental pollution. Environmental regulation can improve the environmental quality, while the energy price distortion has the reverse effect on the environmental quality. Well, how the two factors work together on environmental quality needs further study. This paper focuses on the effect of environmental quality in China under the joint action of the two factors, as well as the distortion of energy prices and the economic level. Factors such as industrial structure and system affect the development prospects of environmental quality improvement in China. Firstly, the classical Douglas production function method is used to estimate the distortion of energy prices in China. The results show that there is a negative distortion in energy price in all regions, and the energy price is lower than the real value. The energy price distortion is the highest in the eastern region and the lowest in the western region. And in the past ten years, the distortion degree of energy prices has shown a downward trend at different levels. The results of environmental regulation intensity show that the intensity of regulation is increasing in all regions of the country. However, the level of environmental regulation is not high. In the last two years, the growth rate has obviously slowed down and even weakened. The empirical part chooses the econometric model with cross term to measure the effect of the interaction of two factors on the environmental quality. The real effect model based on static panel fixed effect model. The evidence shows that the existence of distorted energy prices weakens the positive effects of environmental regulation. The combined effect of environmental regulation and energy price distortion on environmental quality is U-shaped. Based on the empirical results of one-step system GMM model, it is found that environmental pollution of dependent variables has a continuous negative effect in the short term. The interaction of the two factors also has a U-shaped effect. At present, our country is in a critical stage of transition. The results of the two metrological models are basically the same. So we think that the combined effect of the two factors on the environment has begun to deepen the environmental pollution. With the strengthening of environmental regulation and the weakening of energy price distortion, the environmental quality has begun to improve. The eastern region has passed the inflection point, environmental regulation has dominated, and the central and western regions have not crossed the inflection point. Factor price distortion plays a leading role, but our country is at a turning point at present. It is very important to pay attention to the comprehensive action of environmental regulation and various factors to improve the environmental quality of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.2;X24;F764

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