本文選題：糧食安全　切入點：貿(mào)易規(guī)則　出處：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國糧食安全面臨嚴峻考驗,國際糧食市場波動劇烈。國際范圍內(nèi)糧食危機爆發(fā)以來,各國對糧食安全的重視與日俱增,貿(mào)易談判中涉及農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的問題愈加的敏感,多邊貿(mào)易談判進程受阻,雙邊貿(mào)易談判中農(nóng)產(chǎn)品相關(guān)問題談判也成為爭議的熱點,同時主要糧食出口國國在維護自身國家利益和糧食安全方面所采取的手段層出不窮,都極大的影響了國際糧食市場的供給狀況,對國際糧食價格和國內(nèi)糧食價格都造成了極大的影響,破壞了糧食市場的穩(wěn)定性,同時,跨國公司的迅速發(fā)展也加劇了糧食市場的不穩(wěn)定性,其中跨國糧商憑借自身強大的資本力量、壟斷性技術(shù)產(chǎn)權(quán)和熟悉國際市場等優(yōu)勢對東道國的糧食市場產(chǎn)生極大的沖擊,對東道國的本土企業(yè)和種糧農(nóng)民都產(chǎn)生了不良影響,也對東道國的糧食主權(quán)發(fā)出了一定程度的挑戰(zhàn)。以此為背景,我國在保障糧食安全方面還有很多制度和措施亟待建立、完善。目前我國糧食總產(chǎn)量呈現(xiàn)上升趨穩(wěn)的特征,但糧食生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾突出,糧食貿(mào)易逆差不斷增長,且我國糧食市場部分產(chǎn)業(yè)受跨國糧商的掌控,在國際貿(mào)易規(guī)則的制定上,我國還未充分挖掘其在保護我國糧食安全方面的潛力,在雙邊貿(mào)易談判中關(guān)于涉農(nóng)問題上的重視尚不充分,在推動農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)國際化經(jīng)營,形成較強的國際競爭力方面還需加強支持。本文由五部分組成,第一部分,緒論部分對目前影響我國糧食安全的國際因素的研究的研究現(xiàn)狀做出綜述,并說明本文的研究方法和創(chuàng)新與不足等問題;第二部分,陳述糧食安全相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ),主要包括國際利益論和國際政治經(jīng)濟學(xué);從保衛(wèi)國家利益方面,以國際政治經(jīng)濟學(xué)為分析視角;第三部分,介紹我國糧食安全概況,對糧食安全的概念做出新的解釋,從產(chǎn)量、流通體制、結(jié)構(gòu)和貿(mào)易等方面對我國糧食安全狀況進行介紹;第四部分,對影響我國糧食安全的國際因素做出分析,著重分析國際因素中國際貿(mào)易規(guī)則、主要糧食出口國、國際糧食定價權(quán)和跨國糧商對我國糧食安全的影響,在國際貿(mào)易規(guī)則的影響中主要考量WTO貿(mào)易規(guī)則、雙邊自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定和其他主要糧食生產(chǎn)國及發(fā)達國家的政策對我國糧食安全的影響;由于我國是糧食進口大國,考慮主要糧食出口國對我國糧食安全的直接和間接影響都是十分必要的;在國際糧食定價權(quán)的影響當(dāng)中主要分析影響國際糧食定價權(quán)的期貨市場和農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)的競爭力對我國糧食安全的影響;在跨國糧商方面主要分析其對我國糧食安全積極影響和消極影響,著重研究其消極影響;第五部分最后提出對針對上述國際因素對我國糧食安全的影響應(yīng)采取的措施,維護我國糧食安全的基本能力,在堅持對外開放的同時保護國家主權(quán)和國家利益。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's food security is facing a severe test and the international food market is fluctuating violently. Since the outbreak of the food crisis in the international scope, countries have paid more and more attention to food security and become increasingly sensitive to the issues concerning agriculture in trade negotiations. The process of multilateral trade negotiations has been blocked, and negotiations on issues related to agricultural products in bilateral trade negotiations have also become hot spots. Meanwhile, the major food-exporting countries have used one after another to safeguard their national interests and food security. Has greatly affected the supply situation of the international grain market, has had a great impact on both international and domestic grain prices, and has undermined the stability of the grain market, at the same time, The rapid development of transnational corporations has also aggravated the instability of grain markets. Among them, transnational grain traders have a great impact on the food markets of host countries by virtue of their strong capital power, monopoly technology property rights and familiarity with international markets. It has had a negative impact on local enterprises and grain farmers in the host country, and has also posed a certain degree of challenge to the food sovereignty of the host country. Against this background, there are still many systems and measures to be set up to ensure food security in China. Consummation. At present, the total grain output in China is showing a characteristic of increasing and stabilizing, but the structural contradictions in grain production are prominent, the grain trade deficit is constantly growing, and some of the industries in the grain market of our country are controlled by transnational grain traders. With regard to the formulation of international trade rules, China has not fully exploited its potential in protecting China's food security, has not paid enough attention to agriculture-related issues in bilateral trade negotiations, and has been promoting the internationalization of agricultural enterprises. This paper is composed of five parts. The first part, the introduction part, summarizes the current research situation of the international factors that affect the food security of our country. The second part describes the theoretical basis of food security, including international interest theory and international political economy; from the defense of national interests, The third part introduces the general situation of China's food security, gives a new explanation of the concept of food security, and introduces the situation of China's food security from the aspects of output, circulation system, structure and trade. Part 4th analyzes the international factors affecting China's food security, focusing on the international trade rules, major grain exporting countries, international food pricing rights and the impact of transnational grain traders on China's food security. In the impact of international trade rules, the impact of WTO trade rules, bilateral free trade agreements and policies of other major grain producers and developed countries on China's food security is mainly considered; since China is a big grain importer, It is necessary to consider the direct and indirect effects of major grain exporting countries on China's food security. In the influence of the international food pricing power, this paper mainly analyzes the impact of the futures market and the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises on the food security of our country. In the aspect of transnational grain merchants, it mainly analyzes its positive and negative effects on China's food security, with emphasis on its negative impact. Part 5th finally puts forward the measures to be taken in view of the impact of the above-mentioned international factors on China's food security. Maintain our country's basic ability of food security and protect national sovereignty and national interests while persisting in opening to the outside world.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.7;F752.6

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