發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-17 14:39

【摘要】：公民思想道德建設(shè)是提升公民素養(yǎng),推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義道德文化建設(shè)的重要途徑。但是,過(guò)去的公民思想道德建設(shè)倡導(dǎo)一種高蹈的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn),道德要求、道德評(píng)價(jià)的設(shè)定高于普通公民的思想道德認(rèn)識(shí)水平,使得公民思想道德建設(shè)的成效式微。正是基于此種背景,本文從底線倫理出發(fā)探討公民思想道德建設(shè),試圖轉(zhuǎn)變公民對(duì)過(guò)去道德建設(shè)的刻板印象。底線倫理是對(duì)公民最低限度的、最基本的道德要求,具有平等普適性、最低限度性等特點(diǎn),其內(nèi)容主要涵蓋一些基本的道德要求。本文試圖在界定底線倫理的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)當(dāng)前公民思想道德建設(shè)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行梳理,了解公民思想道德建設(shè)發(fā)展至今的價(jià)值定位和發(fā)展歷程,明確公民思想道德建設(shè)發(fā)展至今取得的成績(jī)。同時(shí)反思公民思想道德建設(shè)過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題,針對(duì)問(wèn)題從宏觀與微觀、主觀與客觀兩個(gè)視角四個(gè)層面分析存在問(wèn)題的原因。對(duì)底線倫理和公民思想道德建設(shè)的基本情況進(jìn)行介紹之后,本文將對(duì)二者的結(jié)合進(jìn)行探討,主要從必要性和可行性方面分析。在必要性方面,主要通過(guò)對(duì)當(dāng)前公民思想道德建設(shè)的問(wèn)題分析,指出從底線倫理視角出發(fā)探討公民思想道德建設(shè)對(duì)于解決當(dāng)前問(wèn)題具有重要意義。在可行性方面,主要從對(duì)象、內(nèi)容、目的等方面分析二者的耦合性。此外,指出在二者的結(jié)合過(guò)程中一定要克服道德虛無(wú)化、道德極端化和狹隘化等幾種錯(cuò)誤傾向。在以上內(nèi)容分析的基礎(chǔ)上,筆者提出了從底線倫理視角推進(jìn)公民思想道德建設(shè)的具體途徑,主要從公民、社會(huì)和國(guó)家三個(gè)層面具體推進(jìn)。在公民層面,要培養(yǎng)公民的敬畏之心,要增強(qiáng)公民的羞恥之心,要堅(jiān)定公民的立人之心,要培養(yǎng)公民的博愛(ài)之心;在社會(huì)層面,主要從制定適度的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、完善道德評(píng)價(jià)體系、營(yíng)造良好社會(huì)生態(tài)等三個(gè)方面著力;在國(guó)家層面,主要在制度層面做好政策引導(dǎo)、在法律層面做好剛性規(guī)范、在人文層面做好價(jià)值關(guān)懷。筆者通過(guò)公民、社會(huì)、國(guó)家三維一體的構(gòu)建,全方位的力量整合,轉(zhuǎn)變公民過(guò)去對(duì)公民思想道德建設(shè)的偏見(jiàn),自覺(jué)認(rèn)識(shí)新時(shí)代下的道德要求并在現(xiàn)實(shí)中踐行,真正提升公民道德素養(yǎng)、助推社會(huì)風(fēng)氣的改善。
[Abstract]:Citizen's ideological and moral construction is an important way to improve citizen's quality and promote socialist moral and cultural construction. However, in the past, the ideological and moral construction of citizens advocated a kind of high moral standards, moral requirements, the setting of moral evaluation is higher than the level of ideological and moral understanding of ordinary citizens, which makes the effectiveness of citizens' ideological and moral construction decline. Based on this background, this paper probes into the construction of citizen's ideology and morality from the bottom line ethics, and tries to change the stereotype of citizen's moral construction in the past. The bottom line ethics is the minimum and the most basic moral requirement for the citizen. It has the characteristics of equality, universality and minimum, and its content mainly covers some basic moral requirements. On the basis of defining the bottom line ethics, this paper attempts to sort out the current situation of citizen's ideological and moral construction, to understand the value orientation and development course of citizen's ideological and moral construction so far. To clarify the development of civic ideological and moral development so far achieved. At the same time, it reflects on the problems existing in the process of citizens' ideological and moral construction, and analyzes the causes of the problems from the macro and micro, subjective and objective perspectives. After introducing the basic situation of the bottom line ethics and citizen ideological and moral construction, this article will discuss the combination of the two, mainly from the necessity and feasibility analysis. In the aspect of necessity, it is pointed out that it is of great significance to discuss the construction of citizen's ideology and morality from the angle of bottom line ethics through the analysis of the current problems of citizen's ideological and moral construction. In the aspect of feasibility, this paper analyzes the coupling of the two from the aspects of object, content, purpose and so on. In addition, it is pointed out that in the process of combining them, we must overcome some wrong tendencies such as moral nihilization, moral extremism and parochialization. On the basis of the above content analysis, the author puts forward the concrete way to promote the citizen's ideological and moral construction from the angle of bottom line ethics, mainly from three levels: citizen, society and country. At the citizen level, we should cultivate the reverence of the citizens, strengthen the shame of the citizens, strengthen the hearts of the citizens, cultivate the fraternity of the citizens, and at the social level, mainly from the formulation of appropriate moral standards, Improve the moral evaluation system, create a good social ecology and other three aspects; in the national level, mainly in the system level to do a good policy guidance, in the legal level to do a good job of rigid norms, in the humanities level to do a good value care. Through the construction of three dimensional integration of citizen, society and country, the author changes the prejudice of citizen's ideological and moral construction in the past, consciously understands the moral requirement in the new era and practices it in reality. Improve the moral quality of citizens and promote the improvement of social ethos.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D648

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