【摘要】：隨著多年的發(fā)展,我國(guó)在社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化等各個(gè)方面都有了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步。傳統(tǒng)的天然林已然不能滿足我國(guó)的現(xiàn)有發(fā)展需求,因此必須發(fā)展人工林用以彌補(bǔ)天然林的不足。撫育間伐是促進(jìn)人工生長(zhǎng)的主要技術(shù)手段,但是撫育間伐活動(dòng)究竟對(duì)哪種人工林的效果最佳,撫撫育間伐后人工林生長(zhǎng)和效益能夠得到多大程度的增長(zhǎng),則需要進(jìn)一步研究和描述。本文依托湖南省森林撫育補(bǔ)貼成效監(jiān)測(cè)項(xiàng)目,根據(jù)人工林在湖南的分布情況和所占比重,選擇杉木人工林、馬尾松人工林和闊葉樹人工林為研究對(duì)象。通過設(shè)立不同林齡段的撫育樣地和對(duì)照樣地,杉木人工林為6年、8年、10年、13年、14年、15年和16年;馬尾松人工林為6年、8年、10年和13年,闊葉樹人工林為6年、8年、13年和14年,可以將人工林大致劃分為幼齡段(1-10年)和中齡段(11-20年)。全部樣地都進(jìn)行了兩次調(diào)查,兩次調(diào)查的間隔時(shí)間都為4年。調(diào)查了全部樣地的胸徑和樹高等生長(zhǎng)特征、蓄積量、生物量和碳匯量等效益指標(biāo)的變化情況。通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)撫育間伐活動(dòng)對(duì)人工林生長(zhǎng)起到了促進(jìn)作用,不同林齡段其促進(jìn)效果不同,撫育間伐對(duì)某些林齡段人工林經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和生態(tài)效益的增長(zhǎng)有促進(jìn)作用而對(duì)另一些林齡段的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和生態(tài)效益的增長(zhǎng)有消減的作用,具體得到了結(jié)論如下:(1)撫育間伐對(duì)不同林齡段人工林樹高胸徑生長(zhǎng)的影響撫育間伐能夠增加杉木、馬尾松和闊葉樹人工林的樹高和胸徑的生長(zhǎng)量。其撫育樣地的平均胸徑生長(zhǎng)量比對(duì)照樣地分別高出2.1cm、1.35cm和1.24cm,撫育樣地的平均樹高生長(zhǎng)量比對(duì)照樣地分別高出了 0.75m、0.65m和0.4m。撫育間伐對(duì)中齡段的杉木、馬尾松和闊葉樹人工林其胸徑和樹高的生長(zhǎng)的促進(jìn)作用要高于幼齡段人工林,因此撫育間伐對(duì)杉木、馬尾松和闊葉樹人工林樹高和胸徑的生長(zhǎng)促進(jìn)作用主要體現(xiàn)在中齡段。(2)撫育間伐對(duì)不同林齡段人工林生物量和碳匯量增長(zhǎng)的影響撫育間伐對(duì)幼齡段的杉木工林的生物量和碳匯量的增長(zhǎng)量起到了促進(jìn)作用,而對(duì)幼林段的馬尾松和闊葉樹人工林的生物量和碳匯量的增長(zhǎng)沒有明顯的促進(jìn)作用。撫育間伐對(duì)中齡段的馬尾松人工林的生物量和碳匯量的增長(zhǎng)起到了明顯的促進(jìn)作用,對(duì)中齡段的杉木人工林的生物量和碳匯量的增長(zhǎng)沒有明顯的促進(jìn)作用,而對(duì)中林段的闊葉樹的生物量和碳匯量的增長(zhǎng)起到了消減作用。(3)撫育間伐對(duì)不同林齡段人工林蓄積量增長(zhǎng)的影響撫育間伐對(duì)幼齡段的杉木和闊葉樹人工林的蓄積量的增長(zhǎng)起到了促進(jìn)作用,而對(duì)幼齡段馬尾松人工林的蓄積量增長(zhǎng)沒有明顯的作用。撫育間伐對(duì)中齡段的馬尾松人工林的蓄積量的增長(zhǎng)起到了促進(jìn)作用,而對(duì)杉木和闊葉樹人工林的蓄積量的增長(zhǎng)起到了消減作用。
[Abstract]:With the development of many years, our country has made great progress in all aspects such as society, economy and culture. The traditional natural forest can not meet the existing development needs of our country, so it is necessary to develop artificial forest to make up for the shortage of natural forest. Thinning is the main technique to promote artificial growth, but the effect of thinning on which plantation is the best, and the extent to which the growth and benefit of artificial forest can be increased after thinning. Further study and description are needed. In this paper, according to the distribution and proportion of plantation in Hunan Province, the Chinese fir plantation, Masson pine plantation and broad-leaved tree plantation were selected as the research objects based on the monitoring project of forest rearing subsidy effectiveness in Hunan Province. The results showed that the plantation of Cunninghamia lanceolata was 6 years, 8 years, 10 years, 13 years, 14 years, 15 years and 16 years. The plantation of Pinus massoniana is 6 years, 8 years, 10 years and 13 years, and broad-leaved trees plantations are 6 years, 8 years, 13 years and 14 years. The plantation can be roughly divided into juvenile (1-10 years) and middle-aged (11-20 years). Two surveys were conducted on all sites, each four years apart. The growth characteristics of DBH and tree height, accumulation, biomass and carbon sequestration of all plots were investigated. Through the investigation, it was found that the thinning activity promoted the growth of artificial forest, and the promoting effect was different in different forest age segments, and the effect of thinning on the growth of artificial forest was different in different age groups. Thinning can promote the growth of plantation economic benefit and ecological benefit in some forest age sections, and reduce the increase of economic benefit and ecological benefit in other forest age sections. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the effects of thinning on the height and DBH growth of plantation trees at different ages can increase the height and DBH growth of Chinese fir, Masson pine and broad-leaved plantation. The average DBH growth of the tending plot was 2.1cm, 1.35cm and 1.24cm higher than that of the control, respectively. The average tree height growth of the tending plot was 0.75m, 0.65m and 0.4m higher than that of the control, respectively. The effect of thinning on the growth of Chinese fir, Masson pine and broad-leaved tree plantation was higher than that of young stage plantation, therefore, the middle-aged Chinese fir, Masson pine and broad-leaved tree plantation had a better effect on the growth of Cunninghamia lanceolata. The growth promotion of height and DBH of Pinus massoniana and broad-leaved plantation mainly reflected in the middle-age section. (2) the effects of thinning on the biomass and carbon sequestration in different age stages of Chinese fir trees in the young stage of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Cunninghamia lanceolata var. massoniana L.) The growth of biomass and carbon sequestration in industrial forests has played an important role in promoting the growth of forest biomass and carbon sequestration. However, the biomass and carbon sequestration of Pinus massoniana and broad-leaved plantation did not increase obviously. Thinning significantly promoted the growth of biomass and carbon sequestration of Pinus massoniana plantation in the middle age, but had no significant effect on the growth of biomass and carbon sequestration of Chinese fir plantation in the middle age. The growth of biomass and carbon sequestration of broad-leaved trees in middle and middle stands was reduced. (3) the effects of thinning on the accumulation of Chinese fir and broad-leaved trees in different age segments of Chinese fir and broad-leaved trees in the young stage of Chinese fir and broad-leaved trees were affected by thinning in the middle and middle stands. (3) the effects of thinning on the accumulation of Chinese fir and broadleaved trees at different ages The increase in the volume of, However, there was no obvious effect on the volume increase of Pinus massoniana plantation in young stage. Thinning promoted the growth of the volume of Pinus massoniana plantation in the middle age and reduced the increase of the volume of Chinese fir and broad-leaved plantation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S753;S718.5
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本文編號(hào)：2452908