基質(zhì)培薄皮甜瓜和辣椒營養(yǎng)液供液量與供液頻率研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-26 19:37
【摘要】：本試驗采用基質(zhì)培的栽培方式,研究了營養(yǎng)液不同供液量與供液頻率對日光溫室夏秋茬薄皮甜瓜、冬春茬辣椒生長發(fā)育、果實品質(zhì)、果實產(chǎn)量以及水分利用效率的影響,以確定適宜的供液量與供液頻率,從而在實際生產(chǎn)中為經(jīng)濟、高效地進行水肥管理以獲得高產(chǎn)、優(yōu)質(zhì)甜瓜、辣椒提供科學(xué)依據(jù)和理論指導(dǎo)。本研究結(jié)果如下:1營養(yǎng)液不同供液量與供液頻率對基質(zhì)培夏秋茬薄皮甜瓜生長發(fā)育的影響(1)不同處理對甜瓜的生育期產(chǎn)生影響,W1T2處理甜瓜生育期最短,較W2、W3處理分別提前了 8天、11天。增加供液量與供液頻率,甜瓜的株高、莖粗均有增大的趨勢。(2)與供液量W1處理相比,供液量為W2、W3時,甜瓜葉片的SOD、POD和CAT活性均增加。增加供液量與供液頻率促進甜瓜光合作用能力的提高。(3)供液頻率為T2時甜瓜果形指數(shù)最均勻,W3時有最大單果重;W2T3處理果肉厚度最厚;W1T1處理中心可溶性固形物含量最高為11.4%,與W3T3處理相比提高了 17.5%。W1T2處理的水分利用效率最高,為23.16kg·m-3。(4)綜上所述,在實際生產(chǎn)中,夏秋茬基質(zhì)培薄皮甜瓜時應(yīng)以供液量為W1處理,供液頻率為每天供液1次或2次最好。即甜瓜在營養(yǎng)生長期營養(yǎng)液供液量為每天每株500 ml,在開花結(jié)果期營養(yǎng)液供液量為每天每株1000 ml,供液頻率為每天1次或2次。2營養(yǎng)液不同供液量與供液頻率對基質(zhì)培冬春茬辣椒生長發(fā)育的影響(1)不同處理對辣椒株高、莖粗產(chǎn)生顯著性影響;W3T2處理辣椒株高最高,與W1T1處理相比,提高了 18.41%,W3T3處理辣椒的莖粗為23.62mm,顯著高于其他各處理。凈光合速率表現(xiàn)為:W3W2W1,相同供液量不同供液頻率之間無顯著性差異。(2)W3T2處理辣椒葉片電導(dǎo)率最大;W1T2處理POD酶活性最高,脯氨酸含量也最高為249.95 ug/g。供液量為W2時,辣椒根系活力最好,W3T1處理總根表面積最大為754.54 cm3,其次為W3T2處理。(3)W3T3處理有最大單果重,為93.5 g,與W1T1處理相比,單果重提高了 18.35%;供液量為W2時,可以提高辣椒的營養(yǎng)品質(zhì)。W3T2處理辣椒產(chǎn)量最高,為282.150 kg,與W1T1處理相比產(chǎn)量提高了 58.03%。各處理間的WUE相差很小。(4)綜上所述,在冬春茬基質(zhì)培辣椒時,苗期供液量為每株每天500 ml,開花坐果期每株每天1000 ml,結(jié)果期每株每天1500 ml;整個生育期每天供液頻率為3次,即W3T2處理為本試驗條件下最佳的供液量與供液頻率。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the effects of different supply amount and frequency of nutrient solution on the growth, fruit quality, fruit yield and water use efficiency of thin muskmelon in summer and autumn and pepper in winter and spring in solar greenhouse were studied by means of substrate culture, and the effects of different amount and frequency of nutrient solution on the growth and development, fruit quality, fruit yield and water use efficiency were studied. In order to determine the appropriate amount of liquid supply and the frequency of liquid supply, so as to provide a scientific basis and theoretical guidance for economic and efficient management of water and fertilizer in order to obtain high yield, high quality melon and pepper in practical production. The results were as follows: (1) the effects of different amount and frequency of nutrient solution on the growth and development of muskmelon (1) the effect of different treatments on the growth period of muskmelon (1) the growth period of muskmelon treated with W1T2 was the shortest, which was shorter than that of W2, W3 treatment was advanced by 8 days and 11 days respectively. The plant height and stem diameter of muskmelon increased with the increase of supply and frequency. (2) compared with W1, the activity of SOD,POD and CAT in muskmelon leaves increased with W3 and W2, and the activity of W3 in muskmelon leaves was significantly higher than that in W1 treatment (P < 0.01), but the activity of W3 in muskmelon leaves was higher than that in W1. (3) the fruit shape index of muskmelon was the most uniform when the supply frequency was T _ 2, and the maximum single fruit weight was at W _ 3, the thickness of pulp was the thickest when treated with W2T3, the pulp thickness was the thickest when the water supply frequency was T _ 2, and the weight per fruit was the highest at W _ 3. The content of soluble solids in W1T1 treatment center was 11.4%. Compared with W3T3 treatment, 17.5%.W1T2 treatment had the highest water use efficiency, which was 23.16kg 路m-3. (4) to sum up, in the actual production, the water use efficiency of 17.5%.W1T2 treatment was higher than that of 23.16kg 路m-3. (4). Medium culture of muskmelon in summer and autumn should be treated with W _ (1), and the frequency of water supply should be one or two times a day. That is, during the vegetative growth period, the amount of nutrient solution supplied by melon is 500 ml, per plant per day and 1000 ml, per plant per day during the flowering and fruiting period. (2) the effects of different amount and frequency of nutrient solution on the growth and development of pepper in winter and spring stubble were studied. (1) the plant height and stem diameter of pepper were significantly affected by different treatments. The plant height of W3T2 treatment was the highest, which was 18.41% higher than that of W1T1 treatment. The stem diameter of W3T3 treatment was 23.62 mm, which was significantly higher than that of other treatments. The net photosynthetic rate was as follows: W3W2W1, there was no significant difference between different frequencies of the same liquid supply. (2) W3T2 treatment had the highest conductivity of pepper leaves, W1T2 treatment had the highest POD activity and proline content was also the highest 249.95 ug/g.. The maximum root surface area of W3T1 treatment was 754.54 cm3, followed by W3T2 treatment. (3) W3T3 treatment had the maximum single fruit weight of 93.5 g, which was 18.35% higher than that of W1T1 treatment. The yield of pepper treated with W _ 3T _ 2 was the highest, and the yield was increased by 58.03% compared with W1T1 treatment for 282.150 kg, when the amount of water supplied was W _ 2. The yield of pepper treated with W _ 3T _ 2 was increased by 58.03%. The difference of WUE among the treatments was very small. (4) to sum up, in winter and spring, when culturing capsicum in the medium of winter and spring, the amount of water supply at seedling stage was 1000 ml, per plant per day in flowering and fruit setting stage, and 1500 ml; per plant per day in fruiting period of 1000 ml, per plant per day. The frequency of liquid supply during the whole growth period was 3 times a day, that is, W3T2 treatment was the best quantity and frequency of liquid supply under the condition of this experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S652;S641.3
本文編號：2447859
[Abstract]:In this experiment, the effects of different supply amount and frequency of nutrient solution on the growth, fruit quality, fruit yield and water use efficiency of thin muskmelon in summer and autumn and pepper in winter and spring in solar greenhouse were studied by means of substrate culture, and the effects of different amount and frequency of nutrient solution on the growth and development, fruit quality, fruit yield and water use efficiency were studied. In order to determine the appropriate amount of liquid supply and the frequency of liquid supply, so as to provide a scientific basis and theoretical guidance for economic and efficient management of water and fertilizer in order to obtain high yield, high quality melon and pepper in practical production. The results were as follows: (1) the effects of different amount and frequency of nutrient solution on the growth and development of muskmelon (1) the effect of different treatments on the growth period of muskmelon (1) the growth period of muskmelon treated with W1T2 was the shortest, which was shorter than that of W2, W3 treatment was advanced by 8 days and 11 days respectively. The plant height and stem diameter of muskmelon increased with the increase of supply and frequency. (2) compared with W1, the activity of SOD,POD and CAT in muskmelon leaves increased with W3 and W2, and the activity of W3 in muskmelon leaves was significantly higher than that in W1 treatment (P < 0.01), but the activity of W3 in muskmelon leaves was higher than that in W1. (3) the fruit shape index of muskmelon was the most uniform when the supply frequency was T _ 2, and the maximum single fruit weight was at W _ 3, the thickness of pulp was the thickest when treated with W2T3, the pulp thickness was the thickest when the water supply frequency was T _ 2, and the weight per fruit was the highest at W _ 3. The content of soluble solids in W1T1 treatment center was 11.4%. Compared with W3T3 treatment, 17.5%.W1T2 treatment had the highest water use efficiency, which was 23.16kg 路m-3. (4) to sum up, in the actual production, the water use efficiency of 17.5%.W1T2 treatment was higher than that of 23.16kg 路m-3. (4). Medium culture of muskmelon in summer and autumn should be treated with W _ (1), and the frequency of water supply should be one or two times a day. That is, during the vegetative growth period, the amount of nutrient solution supplied by melon is 500 ml, per plant per day and 1000 ml, per plant per day during the flowering and fruiting period. (2) the effects of different amount and frequency of nutrient solution on the growth and development of pepper in winter and spring stubble were studied. (1) the plant height and stem diameter of pepper were significantly affected by different treatments. The plant height of W3T2 treatment was the highest, which was 18.41% higher than that of W1T1 treatment. The stem diameter of W3T3 treatment was 23.62 mm, which was significantly higher than that of other treatments. The net photosynthetic rate was as follows: W3W2W1, there was no significant difference between different frequencies of the same liquid supply. (2) W3T2 treatment had the highest conductivity of pepper leaves, W1T2 treatment had the highest POD activity and proline content was also the highest 249.95 ug/g.. The maximum root surface area of W3T1 treatment was 754.54 cm3, followed by W3T2 treatment. (3) W3T3 treatment had the maximum single fruit weight of 93.5 g, which was 18.35% higher than that of W1T1 treatment. The yield of pepper treated with W _ 3T _ 2 was the highest, and the yield was increased by 58.03% compared with W1T1 treatment for 282.150 kg, when the amount of water supplied was W _ 2. The yield of pepper treated with W _ 3T _ 2 was increased by 58.03%. The difference of WUE among the treatments was very small. (4) to sum up, in winter and spring, when culturing capsicum in the medium of winter and spring, the amount of water supply at seedling stage was 1000 ml, per plant per day in flowering and fruit setting stage, and 1500 ml; per plant per day in fruiting period of 1000 ml, per plant per day. The frequency of liquid supply during the whole growth period was 3 times a day, that is, W3T2 treatment was the best quantity and frequency of liquid supply under the condition of this experiment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S652;S641.3
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