【摘要】：體細(xì)胞胚發(fā)生對(duì)于百合種球繁育、種質(zhì)保存、遺傳性狀改良等具有重要意義。不同種類百合體細(xì)胞胚誘導(dǎo)的難易程度存在顯著差異。本文以五種不同品系的切花百合無菌苗為試材,進(jìn)行體細(xì)胞胚發(fā)生發(fā)育的組織形態(tài)學(xué)觀察,旨在明確不同種類百合體細(xì)胞胚發(fā)生發(fā)育的差異,為建立不同品系切花百合的體細(xì)胞胚調(diào)控技術(shù)體系奠定基礎(chǔ)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1五種切花百合體細(xì)胞胚都經(jīng)歷了內(nèi)起源和外起源兩種方式,但出現(xiàn)內(nèi)起源和外起源的時(shí)間不同。'White heaven'的鱗片在接種到誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)基上第7 d出現(xiàn)內(nèi)起源,在第14 d出現(xiàn)外起源;'Eyeliner'在第6 d出現(xiàn)內(nèi)起源,在10 d出現(xiàn)外起源;'Triumphator'在第7 d出現(xiàn)內(nèi)起源,在第10 d出現(xiàn)外起源。以上三種切花百合中均為先出現(xiàn)內(nèi)起源后出現(xiàn)外起源。'Strawberry and cream'在第7 d出現(xiàn)外起源,第15 d出現(xiàn)內(nèi)起源;'Double surprise'在第8 d出現(xiàn)外起源,第10 d出現(xiàn)內(nèi)起源,這兩種百合體胚發(fā)生則是先出現(xiàn)外起源,再出現(xiàn)內(nèi)起源。2五種切花百合的胚性細(xì)胞開始分化時(shí),在顯微鏡下均觀察到內(nèi)起源的胚性細(xì)胞中有導(dǎo)管組織存在,導(dǎo)管始終伴隨胚性細(xì)胞,直到體細(xì)胞胚與母體細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生生理隔離。3五種切花百合體細(xì)胞胚的發(fā)生有間接途徑和直接途徑兩種方式。其中'Strawberry and cream,、'White heaven'、'Double surprise'以間接途徑發(fā)生,先形成由細(xì)胞核大、質(zhì)濃、細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)緊密的胚性愈傷組織,進(jìn)而由愈傷組織脫分化形成體細(xì)胞胚。'Eyeliner'和'Triumphator'則以直接途徑發(fā)生,不經(jīng)愈傷組織階段,由胚性細(xì)胞直接分化形成體胚。4五種切花百合體細(xì)胞胚的發(fā)育過程都經(jīng)歷了球形胚、心形胚、魚雷形胚和子葉形胚階段。5在五種百合的體細(xì)胞胚內(nèi)均觀察到有維管束的存在,但其維管組織出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間不同。'Strawberry and cream'和'Triumphator'中維管組織出現(xiàn)較早,在球形胚階段已開始形成,而'White heaven'、'Eyeliner'和'Double surprise'三種百合中維管組織出現(xiàn)較晚,在魚雷形胚階段形成。6在五種切花百合的體細(xì)胞胚發(fā)生過程中,在體細(xì)胞胚中均形成獨(dú)立的維管束,不與母體相連,即在形成球形胚時(shí)就與母體產(chǎn)生生理隔離。'White heaven'、'Eyeliner'、'Double surprise'和'Strawberry and cream'在魚雷形胚階段體胚細(xì)胞與母體細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生明顯界限,造成細(xì)胞間隔離;'Triumphator'的體細(xì)胞胚在子葉形胚階段出現(xiàn)細(xì)胞間隔離。
[Abstract]:Somatic embryogenesis plays an important role in bulb propagation, germplasm preservation and genetic improvement of lily. There were significant differences in the degree of difficulty of embryo induction among different species of encyclosum cells. In this paper, the histomorphology of somatic embryogenesis and development of five different lines of cut flower lily seedlings were observed in order to clarify the difference of embryogenesis and development of different kinds of syncystis. It lays a foundation for the establishment of somatic embryo regulation system of different lines of cut flower lily. The main results are as follows: (1) all the five kinds of cell embryos of cut flowers have experienced two ways: inner origin and outer origin. The scales of 'White heaven' appeared internal origin on the 7th day and outer origin on the 14th day after inoculation on the induction medium. The results showed that there was no difference between the internal origin and the outer origin on the 7th day after inoculation and the external origin on the 14th day. 'Intrinsic origin of Eyeliner' appeared on the 6th day and extrinsic origin on the 10th day, 'Triumphator' appeared in the inner origin on the 7th day and outer origin on the 10th day. In the above three species of cut flower lily, the inner origin first appeared and then the outer origin appeared. 'Strawberry and cream' appeared on the 7th day, and on the 15th day, the inner origin appeared. 'Exotic origin of Double surprise' appeared on the 8th day and inner origin on the 10th day, and the embryogenesis of these two kinds of synecious embryos appeared first, then inner origin. 2When the embryogenic cells of the five species of cut flower lily began to differentiate, the embryogenic cells of the five species of cut flower lily began to differentiate. Microscopically, ductal tissue was observed in endogenic embryogenic cells, and the ductus was always associated with embryogenic cells. Until somatic embryo and mother cell produce physiological isolation. 3 there are indirect and direct ways of embryogenesis of the five kinds of cut flower 100 cell embryos. 3) there are two ways in which the somatic embryo is isolated from the parent cell. Among them, 'Strawberry and cream,,'White heaven','Double surprise' occurs in an indirect way, forming embryogenic calli with large nucleus, dense cytoplasm and tight cell structure. The callus dedifferentiated to form somatic embryos. 'Eyeliner' and' Triumphator' occurred in a direct way without callus stage. Somatic embryos were formed by direct differentiation of embryogenic cells. 4 the development process of the five kinds of cut flower hundred zygote cell embryos all underwent spherical embryo and heart-shaped embryo. In torpedo-shaped embryo and cotyledon-shaped embryo stage, 5 vascular bundles were observed in somatic embryos of five lily species, but the vascular tissue appeared in different time. 'Strawberry and cream' and' Triumphator' appeared earlier. At the stage of globular embryo formation, vascular tissue appeared later in 'White heaven','Eyeliner' and' Double surprise', and formed in torpedo embryo stage. 6 during somatic embryogenesis of five species of cut flower lily, In somatic embryos, separate vascular bundles are formed and are not connected to the mother, that is, when the globular embryo is formed, it is physically isolated from the mother. 'White heaven','Eyeliner',. In the torpedo embryo stage, 'Double surprise' and' Strawberry and cream' had obvious boundaries between somatic cells and parent cells, which resulted in cell-to-cell isolation. 'Intercellular isolation of somatic embryos of Triumphator' occurs in cotyledon-shaped embryos.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S682.29

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