發(fā)布時間：2018-12-25 09:34

【摘要】：風(fēng)鈴草屬(Campanula)植物隸屬于桔梗科(Campanulaceae),花型獨特,株型優(yōu)雅,極具觀賞價值。目前國外風(fēng)鈴草屬植物的相關(guān)研究已十分深入,但在國內(nèi)風(fēng)鈴草屬植物資源并未得到充分開發(fā)利用�；谶@一問題,本文對北方地區(qū)風(fēng)鈴草進(jìn)行資源調(diào)查,引種栽培風(fēng)鈴草,并從引種適應(yīng)性、種子萌發(fā)特性、耐蔭性及耐熱性等方面進(jìn)行研究,以期探討風(fēng)鈴草在北京地區(qū)的適應(yīng)性。主要結(jié)果如下:1.在北京地區(qū)引種風(fēng)鈴草,對其物候特征、形態(tài)特征等進(jìn)行觀測。結(jié)果表明,風(fēng)鈴草在北京地區(qū)于3月末至4月初返青,花期集中在4月至6月,于12月初進(jìn)入枯黃期;風(fēng)鈴草多數(shù)能夠正常生長并開花,表現(xiàn)出較好的適應(yīng)性。2.對風(fēng)鈴草種子進(jìn)行不同溫度處理,得出風(fēng)鈴草種子在15℃~30℃的溫度條件下均可萌發(fā),發(fā)芽率從0.67%~97.33%不等,其中平展風(fēng)鈴草(Campanula.patula)、紫斑風(fēng)鈴草(C.punctata)兩種的適宜溫度范圍為15℃~30℃;坎特伯雷風(fēng)鈴草(C.medium)、蕁麻葉風(fēng)鈴草(C.trachelium)適宜的恒溫溫度為25℃;黃花風(fēng)鈴草(C.thyrsoides)的適宜溫度范圍為15℃~25℃;另風(fēng)鈴草在光照條件下的種子萌發(fā)率明顯高于無光條件,萌發(fā)效果好,表明風(fēng)鈴草種子萌發(fā)需要一定的光照。3.通過人為控制光強(qiáng),對風(fēng)鈴草在全光及90%,75%,50%不同程度遮蔭條件下的形態(tài)指標(biāo)及葉綠素含量、光合特性進(jìn)行研究,表明50%~75%遮蔭條件最適宜風(fēng)鈴草生長。葉片光響應(yīng)曲線表明風(fēng)鈴草具有較低的光補(bǔ)償點(20~50μmolm-2s-1)與較高的光飽和點(800~1200μmolm-2s-1),為喜陽性植物,具一定耐蔭性。綜合評價6種風(fēng)鈴草的耐蔭性,其由強(qiáng)到弱依次為:蕁麻葉風(fēng)鈴草、聚花風(fēng)鈴草(Campanula glomerata subsp.cephalotes)、坎特伯雷風(fēng)鈴草、平展風(fēng)鈴草、黃花風(fēng)鈴草、紫斑風(fēng)鈴草。4.耐熱性研究中,通過測定梯度高溫下膜透性的變化情況,結(jié)合Logistic方程計算風(fēng)鈴草的高溫半致死溫度,得出6種風(fēng)鈴草的耐熱能力及高溫半致死溫度由強(qiáng)到弱依次為黃花風(fēng)鈴草(60.43℃)坎特伯雷風(fēng)鈴草(57.46℃)紫斑風(fēng)鈴草(56.55℃)蕁麻葉風(fēng)鈴草(55.80℃)平展風(fēng)鈴草(54.69℃)聚花風(fēng)鈴草(53.83℃)�？傊�,通過對風(fēng)鈴草的種子的萌發(fā)特性、栽培適應(yīng)性進(jìn)行研究,對今后風(fēng)鈴草引種栽培及園林應(yīng)用提供了參考。
[Abstract]:The genus (Campanula) belongs to the (Campanulaceae), family of Platycodon with unique flower shape, elegant plant type and great ornamental value. At present, the relative research on the genus Echinacea has been deeply studied abroad, but it has not been fully exploited and utilized in our country. Based on this problem, this paper investigated the resources of Acanthophora chinensis in North China, introduced and cultivated it, and studied its adaptability, seed germination, shading tolerance and heat resistance, etc. The purpose of this study was to explore the adaptability of Astragalus chinensis in Beijing area. The main results are as follows: 1. The phenological and morphological characteristics of Acanthopsis chinensis were observed in Beijing area. The results showed that the plants turned green from the end of March to the beginning of April in Beijing, the flowering period was from April to June and entered the yellow period at the beginning of December, and most of them could grow and blossom normally, showing good adaptability. 2. Under different temperature treatment, the seeds can germinate at the temperature of 15 鈩，

本文編號：2391001