從順應論角度分析《瓦爾登湖》的兩個漢譯本
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-20 08:52
【摘要】：本文從順應論角度分析《瓦爾登湖》的徐遲和杜先菊譯本。《瓦爾登湖》于1854年首次出版,全名為《瓦爾登湖,或林中生活》,生動地描述了亨利·戴維·梭羅獨自居住在瓦爾登湖畔小屋的生活,是美國文學中最具影響力和最引人入勝的書之一。早在1949年,徐遲就以《華爾騰》為名翻譯出漢譯本。他于1982年仔細修訂了初版本,并更名為《瓦爾登湖》,1993年對其完善后至今仍暢銷不衰。作為里程碑的徐譯本是研究《瓦爾登湖》漢譯本的必選。本文選取的另一個版本是杜先菊翻譯的全注疏本,2015年華東師范大學出版社首次出版。此全注疏譯本還未曾有人研究過。順應論認為使用語言必然要不斷地做選擇,這種選擇是有意識的或無意識的,是由語言內(nèi)部和語言外部的原因所驅(qū)動的。翻譯過程中,選擇貫穿始終。在《瓦爾登湖》的翻譯中,徐遲和杜先菊的選擇各有不同。首先,選擇當譯之本時,徐遲自己主動選擇翻譯《瓦爾登湖》,杜先菊是受委托翻譯。其次,從翻譯策略來看,雖然二者都主要采用了異化,但徐遲還是漏譯很多文化信息。杜先菊則翻譯得較全面。再次,從文本意義來看,徐遲直譯出來的語句不如杜先菊意譯得流暢和地道;徐遲翻譯基本意義,而杜先菊借助于克萊默提供的大量注釋翻譯出了文本的內(nèi)涵意義。本文主要從順應論的兩個方面來對比分析徐遲和杜先菊的漢譯本:語境相關(guān)成分順應和結(jié)構(gòu)客體順應。前者主要指順應交際語境,涉及到心理世界、社交世界和物理世界的順應;后者主要指順應話語構(gòu)建成分即語音、詞匯、句法和篇章層面的內(nèi)容。經(jīng)過對比分析發(fā)現(xiàn):1.語境相關(guān)成分順應。關(guān)于心理世界的順應,徐遲和杜先菊都不同程度地考慮到目的讀者的認知能力和審美期待;杜先菊更好地傳達了原作者的情感。關(guān)于社交世界的順應,由于那個時代的對外交流限制,徐遲有時未能順應美國當時的社會政治背景,導致某些地方誤譯;在社會關(guān)系的順應中,杜先菊動態(tài)順應了中國人的社會價值觀。在物理世界的順應方面,杜先菊的全注疏版本顯然更勝一籌,雖然徐遲有時也給出貼心的注釋。2.結(jié)構(gòu)客體順應。語音方面,二者都注重聲音效果的傳達。詞匯方面,杜先菊比徐遲使用了更多的四字格;二者都充分利用漢語諺語來進行翻譯。句法方面,兩位譯者都不同程度地注意到了英漢語形合意合的特征。語篇層面,徐遲比杜先菊更加動態(tài)地順應中國人的思維習慣,原作者的寫作意圖和篇章的連貫。綜上所述,在順應論的框架指導下,本文對《瓦爾登湖》的徐遲版經(jīng)典譯本和杜先菊版最新譯本進行了對比研究,探討了各自的優(yōu)劣得失,以期助推《瓦爾登湖》更優(yōu)譯本的誕生。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the Xu Chi and du Xianju versions of Lake Walden from the perspective of adaptation theory. Lake Walden was first published in 1854 under the full name of Lake Walden. "or Life in the Forest." A vivid description of Henry David Thoreau's solitary life in Walden Lake House, one of the most influential and fascinating books in American literature. As early as 1949, Xu Chi translated the Chinese version under the name Walten. He carefully revised the original version in 1982 and changed its name to Lake Walden, which continues to sell well after it was perfected in 1993. Xu's translation as a milestone is a must for studying the Chinese translation of Lake Walden. Another edition selected in this paper is du Xianju's translation, published for the first time in 2015 by East China normal University Press. This full note translation has not been studied. Adaptation theory holds that the choice of language must be constantly made, which is consciously or unconsciously driven by the internal and external reasons of language. In the process of translation, the choice runs through all the time. In the translation of Lake Walden, Xu Chi and Tu Xianju have different choices. First of all, when choosing the translation, Xu Chi chooses to translate Lake Walden. Du Xianju is commissioned to translate. Secondly, in terms of translation strategies, although both of them mainly adopt alienation, Xu Chi still omits a lot of cultural information. Du Xianju was fully translated. Thirdly, the literal translation of Xu Chi is not as smooth and authentic as that of du Xianju, while the basic meaning of Xu Chi translation is not as smooth as that of du Xianju, and du Xianju has translated the meaning of the text with the help of a large number of notes provided by Kramer. This paper makes a contrastive analysis of Xu Chi's and du Xianju's Chinese translations from two aspects of adaptation theory: contextual adaptation and structural object adaptation. The former mainly refers to the adaptation to the communicative context, which involves the mental world, the social world and the physical world, while the latter refers to the content of the construction components of the adaptation discourse, that is, phonetics, vocabulary, syntax and textual level. After comparative analysis, we found that: 1. Contextual adaptation. On the adaptation of psychological world, Xu Chi and du Xianju consider the cognitive ability and aesthetic expectation of the target readers to varying degrees, and du Xianju better conveys the original author's emotion. With regard to the adaptation of the social world, due to the limitations of foreign exchange in that era, Xu Chi sometimes failed to adapt to the social and political background of the United States, leading to some local misinterpretation; in the adaptation of social relations, Du Xianju dynamically conforms to Chinese social values. Du Xianju's full note version is obviously superior in terms of physical adaptation, although Xu Chi sometimes gives a sweet note. 2. Structural object adaptation. In phonetic aspect, both pay attention to the communication of sound effect. In terms of vocabulary, du Xianju uses more four words than Xu Chi, and both use Chinese proverbs for translation. Syntactically, both translators pay attention to the features of hypotaxis in English and Chinese to varying degrees. At the discourse level, Xu Chi is more dynamic than du Xianju in adapting to the Chinese thinking habits, the original author's writing intention and the coherence of the text. To sum up, under the guidance of adaptation Theory, this paper makes a comparative study of the classic version of Walden Lake Xu Chi and the latest version of du Xianju, and discusses their merits and demerits. In order to promote the birth of a better version of Lake Walden.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the Xu Chi and du Xianju versions of Lake Walden from the perspective of adaptation theory. Lake Walden was first published in 1854 under the full name of Lake Walden. "or Life in the Forest." A vivid description of Henry David Thoreau's solitary life in Walden Lake House, one of the most influential and fascinating books in American literature. As early as 1949, Xu Chi translated the Chinese version under the name Walten. He carefully revised the original version in 1982 and changed its name to Lake Walden, which continues to sell well after it was perfected in 1993. Xu's translation as a milestone is a must for studying the Chinese translation of Lake Walden. Another edition selected in this paper is du Xianju's translation, published for the first time in 2015 by East China normal University Press. This full note translation has not been studied. Adaptation theory holds that the choice of language must be constantly made, which is consciously or unconsciously driven by the internal and external reasons of language. In the process of translation, the choice runs through all the time. In the translation of Lake Walden, Xu Chi and Tu Xianju have different choices. First of all, when choosing the translation, Xu Chi chooses to translate Lake Walden. Du Xianju is commissioned to translate. Secondly, in terms of translation strategies, although both of them mainly adopt alienation, Xu Chi still omits a lot of cultural information. Du Xianju was fully translated. Thirdly, the literal translation of Xu Chi is not as smooth and authentic as that of du Xianju, while the basic meaning of Xu Chi translation is not as smooth as that of du Xianju, and du Xianju has translated the meaning of the text with the help of a large number of notes provided by Kramer. This paper makes a contrastive analysis of Xu Chi's and du Xianju's Chinese translations from two aspects of adaptation theory: contextual adaptation and structural object adaptation. The former mainly refers to the adaptation to the communicative context, which involves the mental world, the social world and the physical world, while the latter refers to the content of the construction components of the adaptation discourse, that is, phonetics, vocabulary, syntax and textual level. After comparative analysis, we found that: 1. Contextual adaptation. On the adaptation of psychological world, Xu Chi and du Xianju consider the cognitive ability and aesthetic expectation of the target readers to varying degrees, and du Xianju better conveys the original author's emotion. With regard to the adaptation of the social world, due to the limitations of foreign exchange in that era, Xu Chi sometimes failed to adapt to the social and political background of the United States, leading to some local misinterpretation; in the adaptation of social relations, Du Xianju dynamically conforms to Chinese social values. Du Xianju's full note version is obviously superior in terms of physical adaptation, although Xu Chi sometimes gives a sweet note. 2. Structural object adaptation. In phonetic aspect, both pay attention to the communication of sound effect. In terms of vocabulary, du Xianju uses more four words than Xu Chi, and both use Chinese proverbs for translation. Syntactically, both translators pay attention to the features of hypotaxis in English and Chinese to varying degrees. At the discourse level, Xu Chi is more dynamic than du Xianju in adapting to the Chinese thinking habits, the original author's writing intention and the coherence of the text. To sum up, under the guidance of adaptation Theory, this paper makes a comparative study of the classic version of Walden Lake Xu Chi and the latest version of du Xianju, and discusses their merits and demerits. In order to promote the birth of a better version of Lake Walden.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9
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