【摘要】：單脈沖雷達(dá)只利用一個(gè)脈沖信號(hào)就能夠獲得目標(biāo)的角度信息,廣泛應(yīng)用于現(xiàn)代精密跟蹤雷達(dá),尤其是在導(dǎo)彈的末制導(dǎo)階段使用單脈沖角跟蹤技術(shù)體制能夠簡(jiǎn)便準(zhǔn)確地測(cè)得目標(biāo)所在方向。單脈沖雷達(dá)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的干擾技術(shù)具有很強(qiáng)的抗干擾能力,交叉眼干擾是少數(shù)能夠?qū)蚊}沖雷達(dá)產(chǎn)生有效干擾的方法之一。交叉眼干擾是一種人為地重構(gòu)閃爍現(xiàn)象的角度干擾方法,常用于艦船和飛行器等平臺(tái)的自我保護(hù),能夠誘導(dǎo)單脈沖跟蹤雷達(dá)脫離真實(shí)目標(biāo)而指向虛假目標(biāo)的方向。交叉眼干擾到達(dá)雷達(dá)陣面的相位不能嚴(yán)格反相,嚴(yán)重影響干擾效果,基于范阿塔陣列提出了反向交叉眼,能夠使信號(hào)間的相位盡可能不受傳輸路徑的影響。盡管已經(jīng)建立了基于擴(kuò)展分析法的反向交叉眼的數(shù)學(xué)模型,拓展了相位偏移和幅度增益的取值范圍。但針對(duì)反向交叉眼干擾方案的研究還不完善,已有的分析都是將干擾平臺(tái)旋轉(zhuǎn)角設(shè)定為定值,沒(méi)有考慮干擾平臺(tái)可能旋轉(zhuǎn)、抖動(dòng)或者被不同方向的雷達(dá)探測(cè)的情況,在一定情況下會(huì)影響反向交叉眼的干擾效果。本文是在進(jìn)行距離波門(mén)拖引干擾的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行研究,消除了干擾平臺(tái)回波對(duì)交叉眼干擾的影響,僅研究交叉眼干擾的調(diào)制信號(hào)到達(dá)跟蹤雷達(dá)的情況。將干擾平臺(tái)旋轉(zhuǎn)角設(shè)定為變量,提出能夠在此條件下仍能夠進(jìn)行角度干擾的交叉眼方案,同時(shí)將多元線陣和多環(huán)路結(jié)構(gòu)引入到反向交叉眼方案中。具體來(lái)講,本文的研究背景和成果主要包括以下幾個(gè)部分：第一部分主要研究了交叉眼干擾相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)理論。首先,介紹了常見(jiàn)的測(cè)角方法,重點(diǎn)圍繞振幅和差單脈沖和相位和差單脈沖展開(kāi)討論。其次,對(duì)針對(duì)單脈沖雷達(dá)的角度干擾進(jìn)行了分析,著重介紹了相干干擾和非相干干擾。再次,概述了曾經(jīng)應(yīng)用于閃爍干擾且能夠繼續(xù)應(yīng)用到交叉眼干擾的經(jīng)典理論分析方法,主要包括線性擬合法和波前分析法。最后,簡(jiǎn)單介紹了針對(duì)脈沖雷達(dá)的距離波門(mén)拖引干擾。第二部分提出了正交單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼方案,引入穩(wěn)定因數(shù)的概念作為新的評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn),衡量產(chǎn)生穩(wěn)定角度干擾的能力。在干擾平臺(tái)旋轉(zhuǎn)角為變量的前提下,提出了單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼方案。分別對(duì)傳統(tǒng)兩點(diǎn)源反向交叉眼和單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼方案進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)推導(dǎo),得到關(guān)于角度偏差的閉合解方程。以穩(wěn)定因數(shù)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),分別對(duì)傳統(tǒng)兩點(diǎn)源反向交叉眼和單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼方案進(jìn)行分析,獲得具有最佳穩(wěn)定因數(shù)的正交單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)交叉眼方案。同時(shí),使用針對(duì)船舶或者飛行器的導(dǎo)彈的典型參數(shù)進(jìn)行數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn),分析和比較的結(jié)果進(jìn)一步證明正交單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼方案的優(yōu)越性。第三部分主要研究了正交單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼的干擾容限,利用角度參數(shù)特定邊界值來(lái)確定相位偏移和幅度增益的取值范圍。在干擾平臺(tái)旋轉(zhuǎn)角為變量的前提下,對(duì)曾經(jīng)應(yīng)用于傳統(tǒng)兩點(diǎn)源反向交叉眼的容限分析經(jīng)典方法進(jìn)行介紹,得出基于擴(kuò)展分析法的容限分析更貼近實(shí)際情況。以角度參數(shù)特定邊界值為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)傳統(tǒng)兩點(diǎn)源反向交叉眼和正交單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼分別進(jìn)行干擾容限分析,推導(dǎo)出關(guān)于角度參數(shù)特定邊界值的閉合解方程。對(duì)傳統(tǒng)兩點(diǎn)源反向交叉眼和正交單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼進(jìn)行比較,從數(shù)學(xué)本質(zhì)上對(duì)兩種方案加以區(qū)別。最后的數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn),進(jìn)一步證明了正交單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼方案的優(yōu)越性,并計(jì)算出典型參數(shù)下的相位偏移和幅度增益的取值范圍。第四部分主要研究了基于多點(diǎn)源與多環(huán)路的反向交叉眼改進(jìn)方案。針對(duì)正交單環(huán)路旋轉(zhuǎn)反向交叉眼在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中受限的問(wèn)題,將多點(diǎn)源和多環(huán)路結(jié)構(gòu)引入到反向交叉眼方案中。在干擾平臺(tái)旋轉(zhuǎn)角為變量的前提下,介紹了線性多點(diǎn)源反向交叉眼方案的兩種常用分析方法,得出基于擴(kuò)展分析法的分析結(jié)果更貼近實(shí)際情況。同時(shí),推導(dǎo)了關(guān)于角度偏差的閉合解方程。使用擴(kuò)展分析法分別對(duì)本部分所提方案進(jìn)行理論分析,得到關(guān)于角度偏差的閉合解方程。以穩(wěn)定因數(shù)和固定幅度增益下相位取值范圍為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),相較于傳統(tǒng)方案,本部分所提兩種方案在理論以及實(shí)踐中均具有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:The single pulse radar can obtain the angle information of the target by only one pulse signal, and is widely applied to the modern precision tracking radar, in particular, the single pulse angle tracking technology system can be used for accurately and accurately measuring the direction of the target in the end-guidance phase of the missile. The single-pulse radar has strong anti-interference ability to the traditional jamming technology, and the cross-eye interference is one of the methods which can effectively interfere with the single-pulse radar. Cross-eye interference is an angle-jamming method for artificially reconstructing a flicker phenomenon, which is commonly used in the self-protection of a platform such as a ship and an aircraft, and can induce the single-pulse tracking radar to deviate from the real target and point to the direction of the false target. The phase of the cross-eye interference reaching the radar cross-eye can not be strictly inverted, and the interference effect is seriously affected. The inverted cross-eye is proposed based on the Van Arta array, and the phase between the signals can be made as free from the influence of the transmission path as much as possible. Although the mathematical model of the reverse cross-eye based on the extension analysis method has been established, the value range of the phase offset and the amplitude gain is expanded. but the research on the reverse cross-eye interference scheme is not perfect, the existing analysis is to set the rotation angle of the interference platform to a fixed value, and the situation that the interference platform can rotate, shake or be detected by the radar in different directions is not considered, In some case, that interference effect of the reverse cross-eye is influence. In this paper, the influence of the interfering platform echo on the cross-eye interference is studied on the basis of the distance-wave gate-induced interference, and only the modulated signals of the cross-eye interference reach the tracking radar. Setting the rotation angle of the interference platform as a variable, and proposing a cross-eye solution capable of performing angle interference under the condition, and simultaneously introducing the multi-element linear array and the multi-loop structure into the reverse cross-eye solution. In particular, the research background and achievements of this paper mainly include the following parts: the first part mainly studies the basic theory of cross-eye interference. First of all, a common method of angle measurement is introduced, with emphasis on the discussion of amplitude and difference single pulse and phase and difference single pulse. Secondly, the angle interference for single pulse radar is analyzed, and the coherent interference and non-coherent interference are emphatically introduced. Thirdly, the classical theoretical analysis method, which has been applied to the flicker interference and can continue to be applied to cross-eye interference, is described, which mainly includes the linear quasi-legal and the wave-front analysis method. Finally, the interference of the distance wave gate of the pulse radar is simply introduced. In the second part, an orthogonal single-loop rotary reverse cross-eye scheme is proposed, and the concept of the stability factor is introduced as a new evaluation criterion to measure the ability to generate stable angular interference. On the premise of the rotation angle of the interference platform, a single-loop rotary reverse-cross-eye scheme is proposed. In this paper, the traditional two-point source reverse cross-eye and the single-loop rotary reverse-cross-eye scheme are derived mathematically, and the closed-solution equation about the angular deviation is obtained. The orthogonal single-loop rotary cross-eye scheme with the best stability factor is obtained by analyzing the traditional two-point source reverse cross-eye and the single-loop rotary cross-eye scheme with the stability factor as the standard. At the same time, the numerical experiments, analysis and comparison of the typical parameters of the missile for the ship or the aircraft are used to further prove the superiority of the orthogonal single-loop rotating reverse cross-eye solution. The third part mainly studies the interference tolerance of the orthogonal single-loop rotating reverse cross-eye, and uses the specific boundary value of the angle parameter to determine the range of the value of the phase offset and the amplitude gain. On the premise of the rotation angle of the interference platform, the classical method of the tolerance analysis that has been applied to the traditional two-point source backward cross-eye is introduced, and the tolerance analysis based on the extension analysis method is more close to the actual situation. By using the specific boundary value of the angle parameter as the standard, the interference tolerance analysis is carried out on the traditional two-point source reverse cross-eye and the orthogonal single-loop rotary reverse cross-eye, respectively, and the closed solution equation for the specific boundary value of the angle parameter is derived. The traditional two-point source reverse cross-eye and the orthogonal single-loop rotating reverse cross-eye are compared, and the two schemes are distinguished from the mathematical essence. Finally, the advantage of the orthogonal single-loop rotary cross-eye scheme is proved, and the value range of the phase offset and the amplitude gain under the typical parameters is calculated. The fourth part mainly studies the improvement of the reverse cross-eye based on the multi-point source and the multi-loop. The multi-point source and the multi-loop structure are introduced into the reverse cross-eye scheme for the problem that the orthogonal single-loop rotating reverse cross-eye is limited in the practical application. On the premise of the rotation angle of the interference platform, two common analysis methods of the linear multi-point source reverse cross-eye scheme are introduced, and the result of the analysis based on the extension analysis method is more close to the actual situation. At the same time, the closed solution equation about the angle deviation is derived. The method of extension analysis is used to carry out the theoretical analysis of the scheme of the part, and the closed solution equation with respect to the angle deviation is obtained. Compared with the traditional scheme, the two schemes proposed in this part have obvious advantages in theory and practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN958.4

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