【摘要】：現(xiàn)代雷達(dá)、無線通信和電子對抗等領(lǐng)域的飛速發(fā)展和電子設(shè)備的不斷升級對天線提出了越來越高的要求。傳輸陣列天線由于具有結(jié)構(gòu)剖面低、重量輕、饋電簡單、波束易于賦形和控制、易于加工、成本低廉等特點,逐漸受到人們的關(guān)注且已成為天線領(lǐng)域的重要研究方向。本文主要圍傳輸陣列天線以及傳輸單元的電磁傳輸特性進(jìn)行研究,采用陣列理論推導(dǎo)了傳輸陣列天線輻射場的解析表達(dá)式,并利用微波網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論對單層以及多層傳輸單元的傳輸特性進(jìn)行理論計算和分析,以高效率傳輸陣列天線和太赫茲傳輸陣列天線為設(shè)計目標(biāo)展開研究,主要工作和創(chuàng)新點主要包括以下幾個方面:1.基于微波網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論對單層以及多層傳輸單元在不同介電常數(shù)和層間距情況下的傳輸特性進(jìn)行理論計算,通過分析單元傳輸相位與傳輸幅度的關(guān)系曲線,得出以下結(jié)論:在垂直入射情況下,傳輸單元在一定傳輸幅度內(nèi)的移相范圍只與單元的層數(shù)、介電常數(shù)以及層間距有關(guān)。通過對不同形狀的單層和多層傳輸單元進(jìn)行仿真計算,將仿真計算結(jié)果與理論分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比,從而證實了以上結(jié)論。2.提出了一種低損耗、角度穩(wěn)定性較高的雙圓環(huán)縫隙單元,利用該單元設(shè)計并加工了一個工作在Ku波段的傳輸陣列天線,其實測輻射效率和口徑效率明顯高于其他形式的傳輸陣列天線,是一種高效率的傳輸陣列天線。由于該天線本體采用金屬制成,能夠耐受宇宙空間環(huán)境中極其惡劣的溫度條件,十分適合應(yīng)用于星載航天領(lǐng)域。3.提出了一種根據(jù)饋源輻射場實際相位的相位補償方法,這種方法能夠最大程度地減小因饋源相位中心的不確定性所導(dǎo)致的傳輸陣列表面補償相位的設(shè)計誤差。4.利用UV-LIGA(光刻、電鑄及塑鑄)工藝和深反應(yīng)離子刻蝕(Deep Reactive Ion Etching,DRIE)技術(shù),提出了一種太赫茲傳輸陣列天線的制備工藝流程,設(shè)計并加工了一個工作在340GHz的太赫茲傳輸陣列天線,該天線的實測增益高、波束窄、副瓣電平低、波束圓對稱性好,滿足太赫茲技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用需求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern radar, wireless communication and electronic countermeasures, and the continuous upgrading of electronic equipment, the antenna is required more and more. Because of its low structure profile, light weight, simple feed, easy beamforming and control, easy processing and low cost, transmission array antenna has been paid more and more attention and has become an important research direction in antenna field. In this paper, the electromagnetic transmission characteristics of the transmission array antenna and transmission unit are studied, and the analytical expression of the radiation field of the transmission array antenna is derived by using the array theory. The transmission characteristics of monolayer and multilayer transmission units are calculated and analyzed by microwave network theory. The high efficiency transmission array antenna and terahertz transmission array antenna are studied. Main work and innovation mainly include the following aspects: 1. Based on microwave network theory, the transmission characteristics of single-layer and multi-layer transmission units under different dielectric constants and interlayer spacing are calculated theoretically, and the relationship between transmission phase and transmission amplitude is analyzed. The following conclusions are drawn: in the case of vertical incidence, the phase shift range of the transmission unit within a certain transmission amplitude is only related to the number of layers, dielectric constant and layer spacing of the unit. The simulation results of single-layer and multi-layer transmission units with different shapes are compared with the theoretical analysis results, and the above conclusions are confirmed. 2. A dual-ring slot element with low loss and high angular stability is proposed. A transmission array antenna working in Ku band is designed and fabricated. In fact, the radiation efficiency and aperture efficiency are obviously higher than other transmission array antenna, it is a kind of high efficiency transmission array antenna. Because the antenna body is made of metal, it can withstand the extremely bad temperature conditions in the space environment, so it is very suitable for the spaceborne space field. A phase compensation method based on the actual phase of the feed radiation field is proposed. This method can minimize the design error of the compensation phase of the transmission array surface caused by the uncertainty of the feed phase center. 4. Using UV-LIGA (photolithography, electroforming and plastic casting) technology and deep reactive ion etching (Deep Reactive Ion Etching,DRIE) technology, a terahertz transmission array antenna is proposed. A terahertz transmission array antenna working in 340GHz is designed and fabricated. The measured gain of the antenna is high, the beam is narrow, the sidelobe level is low, and the beam circle symmetry is good, which meets the application needs of terahertz technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院國家空間科學(xué)中心
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN820.15

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本文編號：2292918