【摘要】：左手傳輸線(xiàn)是指介電常數(shù)和磁導(dǎo)率同時(shí)為負(fù)值的人工合成傳輸線(xiàn)。電磁波在其傳播時(shí),波矢量(?)、電場(chǎng)(?)和磁場(chǎng)(?)之間的關(guān)系符合左手定律。由于左手傳輸線(xiàn)在低頻階段具有很大的慢波系數(shù),因此可以利用左手傳輸線(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)出小型化的微波器件,但是關(guān)于左手傳輸線(xiàn)和左手耦合線(xiàn)的研究還處于探索階段,尤其在左手傳輸線(xiàn)和左手耦合線(xiàn)的模態(tài)萃取方面。本論文主要提出了基于散射參數(shù)的左手傳輸線(xiàn)周期解和左手耦合線(xiàn)的周期解。其利用周期Bloch-Floquet邊界,精確的計(jì)算出對(duì)稱(chēng)型左手耦合線(xiàn)和非對(duì)稱(chēng)型左手耦合線(xiàn)的復(fù)數(shù)傳播常數(shù),并將上述方法用Mathematica程序?qū)崿F(xiàn)。首先本論文設(shè)計(jì)了不同的串聯(lián)電容和并聯(lián)電感,利用本論文提出的基于散射參數(shù)的左手傳輸線(xiàn)周期解和左手耦合線(xiàn)的周期解,分析不同個(gè)數(shù)周期結(jié)構(gòu)的左手傳輸線(xiàn)和左手耦合線(xiàn)的色散特性曲線(xiàn)。當(dāng)周期結(jié)構(gòu)達(dá)到一定個(gè)數(shù)時(shí),左手傳輸線(xiàn)和左手耦合線(xiàn)的色散特性曲線(xiàn)收斂。傳統(tǒng)的基于集總參數(shù)等效電路模型的方法計(jì)算的色散曲線(xiàn)與本論文一個(gè)周期結(jié)構(gòu)的周期解基本一致,但是此時(shí)的色散曲線(xiàn)還沒(méi)有收斂。通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)不同的串聯(lián)電容,可以改變合成左手耦合線(xiàn)的耦合帶寬;設(shè)計(jì)不同的并聯(lián)電感,可以改變合成左手耦合線(xiàn)的前向耦合量。另外本論文還提出了合成非對(duì)稱(chēng)型左手耦合線(xiàn)的方法。利用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的130 nm CMOS工藝對(duì)本論文提出的對(duì)稱(chēng)型左手耦合線(xiàn)和非對(duì)稱(chēng)型左手耦合線(xiàn)進(jìn)行下線(xiàn)與測(cè)試。論文設(shè)計(jì)了三種不同類(lèi)型的定向耦合器,第一種是右手/左手高指向性的定向耦合器,該耦合器在實(shí)現(xiàn)3-dB耦合度的同時(shí)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)38dB的隔離度;第二種是對(duì)稱(chēng)型左手10-dB前向耦合器,該耦合器的長(zhǎng)度只有0.108λg,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于傳統(tǒng)右手的前向耦合器的長(zhǎng)度;第三種是非對(duì)稱(chēng)型左手3-dB前向耦合器,該前向耦合器由于是靠電感耦合,與對(duì)稱(chēng)型左手耦合器相比,更能減小耦合器的尺寸。第二種和第三種前向耦合器利用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的CMOS 130 nm 1P8M工藝下線(xiàn)并進(jìn)行測(cè)試。另外由于實(shí)驗(yàn)室太赫茲平臺(tái)只能測(cè)量?jī)啥丝诘奈⒉ㄆ骷?因此論文還推導(dǎo)了利用兩端口的矢量網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析儀測(cè)量四端口微波器件的方法。最后本論文利用缺陷地結(jié)構(gòu)的對(duì)稱(chēng)型左手耦合線(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)小型化天線(xiàn),天線(xiàn)操作在差分激勵(lì)左手耦合線(xiàn)的輻射頻段,與傳統(tǒng)的利用單根左手傳輸線(xiàn)制作的天線(xiàn)相比,該種天線(xiàn)具有更大的輻射效率和最大增益,天線(xiàn)的尺寸只有165μm′90μm。
[Abstract]:Left-handed transmission line is a synthetic transmission line with negative permittivity and permeability. When the electromagnetic wave propagates, the wave vector (?) Electric field And magnetic field (?) The relationship between them obeys the law of left hand. Since left-handed transmission lines have large slow-wave coefficients at the low frequency stage, miniaturized microwave devices can be designed using left-handed transmission lines, but the research on left-handed transmission lines and left-handed coupling lines is still in the exploratory stage. Especially in the mode extraction of the left-handed transmission line and the left-handed coupling line. In this paper, the periodic solution of left-handed transmission line and the periodic solution of left-handed coupling line based on scattering parameters are presented. By using periodic Bloch-Floquet boundary, the complex propagation constants of symmetric left-handed coupling line and asymmetric left-handed coupling line are calculated accurately, and the above method is realized by Mathematica program. First of all, different series capacitors and parallel inductors are designed in this paper. The periodic solutions of left-handed transmission lines and left-handed coupling lines are proposed based on scattering parameters in this paper. The dispersion characteristic curves of left-handed transmission lines and left-handed coupling lines with different number of periodic structures are analyzed. When the periodic structure reaches a certain number, the dispersion characteristic curve of the left-handed transmission line and the left-handed coupling line converges. The dispersion curve calculated by the traditional method based on lumped parameter equivalent circuit model is basically consistent with the periodic solution of a periodic structure in this paper, but the dispersion curve does not converge at this time. By designing different series capacitors, the coupling bandwidth of the composite left-handed coupling line can be changed, and the forward coupling amount of the composite left-handed coupling line can be changed by designing different parallel inductors. In addition, a method of synthesizing asymmetric left-handed coupling wires is proposed. The symmetrical and asymmetric left-handed coupling lines proposed in this paper are tested by the standard 130 nm CMOS process. In this paper, three kinds of directional couplers are designed. The first is the high directivity of the right hand / left hand coupler. The coupler can realize the 3-dB coupling degree and the isolation degree of the 38dB at the same time. The second is a symmetric left-handed 10-dB forward coupler, which has a length of only 0.108 位 g, which is much smaller than that of the traditional right-handed forward coupler, and the third type of asymmetric left-handed 3-dB forward coupler, which is coupled by inductance. Compared with the symmetrical left hand coupler, the size of the coupler can be reduced more. The second and third forward couplers are offline and tested using the standard CMOS 130 nm 1P8M process. In addition, because the terahertz platform can only measure two-port microwave devices, the method of measuring four-port microwave devices using two-port vector network analyzer is also deduced in this paper. Finally, a miniaturized antenna is designed using the symmetric left-handed coupling line of the defective ground structure. The antenna operates in the radiation frequency band of the differential excitation left-handed coupling line, compared with the traditional antenna fabricated from the single left-handed transmission line. The antenna has higher radiation efficiency and maximum gain. The size of the antenna is only 165 渭 m ~ 90 渭 m.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TN622

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