本文選題：光纖激光器 + 被動調(diào)Q��； 參考：《中國科學技術(shù)大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：光纖激光器具有光束質(zhì)量好、效率高、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、易于熱管理等諸多優(yōu)點,掀起了激光技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的革命。而脈沖光纖激光器因脈沖能量大、峰值功率高,在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)、科學研究、激光通信等領域擁有極其廣泛的應用。目前,產(chǎn)生脈沖的主要方式是采用調(diào)Q技術(shù)和鎖模技術(shù),在這兩種技術(shù)中,可飽和吸收體(SA)都起著至關重要的作用,由它構(gòu)造的被動調(diào)Q和被動鎖模激光器具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、體積小、價格低廉、環(huán)境穩(wěn)定性高等優(yōu)點。所以,我們可以說,脈沖激光器的發(fā)展在很大程度上決定于可飽和吸收材料的發(fā)展。傳統(tǒng)的可飽和吸收體,如染料、半導體可飽和吸收鏡等,面臨著諸多缺陷,大大限制了脈沖激光器的發(fā)展。隨著材料科學的進步,相繼涌現(xiàn)出像碳納米管(CNT)、石墨烯(Graphene)、過渡金屬硫化物(TMDs)等各種新型納米材料,它們的性能得到質(zhì)的提升,價格也不斷下降,脈沖激光器借此得到蓬勃發(fā)展。本論文主要針對新型納米材料的可飽和吸收特性以及在脈沖光纖激光器中的應用展開研究,包括基于它們的被動調(diào)Q和被動鎖模光纖激光器以及全光纖的被動調(diào)Q和被動鎖模軸對稱偏振光束(CVB)激光器。論文的最后,我們還對光纖激光器輸出光場的勻滑技術(shù)進行了研究,以便應用在各種需要光滑平頂光束的場合。本論文的主要研究工作有：1、在實驗上分別采用z掃描和雙臂探測法研究了一種新型過渡金屬硫化物—二硫化鎢納米片在1064nm和1550hm波段的超寬帶可飽和吸收特性,并且驗證了它的偏振無關特性和高損傷閾值,指出這是一種非常理想的可飽和吸收材料。2、利用二硫化鎢州S2)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)制得的復合薄膜,我們分別搭建了基于二硫化鎢的摻鉺被動調(diào)Q光纖激光器和摻鐿被動調(diào)Q光纖激光器。對于摻鉺調(diào)Q激光器,當泵浦功率從279mW增加到609mW時,調(diào)Q脈沖重復頻率從88.67kHz增加至157.29kHz,對應的脈寬從1.24岬減小到917ns,單脈沖能量最大達89.23nJ。在摻鐿調(diào)Q激光器中,我們通過加入可調(diào)濾波器,實現(xiàn)了工作波長在1027-1065nm間連續(xù)可調(diào),而調(diào)Q脈沖始終穩(wěn)定存在。在固定工作波長1048.1nm的情況下,通過增大泵浦功率,調(diào)Q脈沖重復頻率可以從60.2kHz增加到97.0kHz,最短脈沖寬度1.65μs。3、利用垂直蒸發(fā)法制備的厚度和濃度漸變的WS2-PVA薄膜,我們搭建了基于WS2的摻鐿被動鎖模光纖激光器。通過合理設計激光器結(jié)構(gòu)和選擇合適參數(shù)的SA,最終獲得了0.55nm光譜寬度、20.66MHz重復頻率、206ps脈寬的穩(wěn)定耗散孤子脈沖。脈沖時間帶寬積為30,帶有非常大的啁啾,脈寬可在腔外得到進一步壓縮。4、提出了一種全光纖被動調(diào)Q和被動鎖模CVB激光器的方案,采用少模光纖光柵(FMFBG)作為橫模選擇元件,濾除基模,獲得純凈的TM01(徑向偏振光)和TE01(角向偏振光)模輸出；同時分別采用WS2-PVA和CNT-PVA作為可飽和吸收體,利用它們的可飽和吸收特性和偏振無關特性,最終在保證調(diào)Q和鎖模脈沖輸出的同時,獲得了高純度的軸對稱偏振光。相較于其它方案,該方案結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,軸對稱偏振光方便獲得,調(diào)Q狀態(tài)和鎖模狀態(tài)不容易丟失。5、針對激光慣性約束核聚變和激光投影、激光顯示中對靶面輻照均勻性的要求,我們設計了一種多束激光錯位疊加和陣列透鏡結(jié)合的束勻滑整形方案。通過理論分析和相關的數(shù)值模擬探討了方案的可行性,并且詳細研究了各個參數(shù)對靶面勻滑效果的影響。最后,我們還在實驗上對方案進行了驗證,最終得到不均勻度RMS低于4.6%的平頂光束。本論文的創(chuàng)新點：1、首次將WS2的應用擴展到1064nm波段,實現(xiàn)了波長和重復頻率同時可調(diào)的摻鐿調(diào)Q光纖激光器,保證波長在1027-1065nm間連續(xù)可調(diào)的同時,穩(wěn)定調(diào)Q狀態(tài)始終存在：另外,我們也實現(xiàn)了基于WS2的摻鐿被動鎖模光纖激光器,獲得了20.66MHz重頻、206ps脈寬的穩(wěn)定耗散孤子脈沖。2、采用FMFBG作為橫模選擇元件,WS2作為調(diào)Q元件,搭建了全光纖被動調(diào)Q軸對稱偏振光束激光器,重頻在80KHz到120KHz間可調(diào),最短脈寬958ns。通過調(diào)節(jié)腔內(nèi)的偏振控制器,在調(diào)Q狀態(tài)下獲得了高模式純度的徑向偏振光和角向偏振光。3、采用FMFBG作為橫模選擇元件,CNT作為鎖模元件,實現(xiàn)了全光纖被動鎖模CVB激光器,最終在10.61MHz重頻,22.73ps脈寬穩(wěn)定鎖模的同時,獲得了模式純度高達98.03%的徑向偏振光。4、提出了一種多束激光錯位疊加和陣列透鏡結(jié)合的束勻滑整形方案。通過理論分析和相關的數(shù)值模擬探討了方案的可行性,并在實驗上進行了驗證,該方案簡單易行、適用性廣,冗余度高。
[Abstract]:Fiber laser has many advantages, such as good beam quality, high efficiency, compact structure, easy to heat management and so on. It sets off the revolution of laser technology industry. The pulse fiber laser has a wide application in the fields of industrial production, scientific research and laser communication because of high pulse energy and high peak power. At present, the main mode of producing pulse is produced. Q technology and mode locking technology are used. In these two technologies, the saturable absorber (SA) plays a vital role. The passive Q and passive mode locked lasers have the advantages of simple structure, small size, low price and high environmental stability. So, we can say that the development of the pulse laser is to a great extent. Traditional saturable absorbers, such as dyestuffs, semiconductor saturable absorption mirrors, are faced with many defects, which greatly restrict the development of pulsed lasers. With the progress of material science, various new types of nanotubes such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphene (Graphene), transition metal sulfide (TMDs) and so on have been sprung up one after another. The properties of rice have been improved and their prices are decreasing, and the pulse laser is developing rapidly. This paper focuses on the saturated absorption characteristics of the new nanomaterials and their applications in pulsed fiber lasers, including their passive Q and passive mode locked fiber lasers and all light. The passive Q and passively mode-locked axisymmetric polarization beam (CVB) laser. Finally, we also study the smoothing technology of the output light field of the fiber laser, so as to apply the applications to various smooth flat topped beams. The main research work of this paper is as follows: 1, the experiment of Z scanning and double arm detection are used in the experiment. A new type of transition metal sulfide - two tungsten sulfide nanoscale in the 1064nm and 1550hm band is saturated and saturable absorption characteristics, and its polarization independent characteristics and high damage threshold are verified. It is pointed out that this is a very ideal saturated absorpable material.2, using two wolfram state S2) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite thin. We build an erbium doped passively Q fiber laser and a ytterbium passively Q fiber laser based on two tungsten sulfide. For erbium doped Q lasers, when the pump power is increased from 279mW to 609mW, the Q pulse repetition frequency is increased from 88.67kHz to 157.29kHz, and the corresponding pulse width is reduced from 1.24 to 917ns, and the energy of the single pulse is up to 89.2. 3nJ. in ytterbium doped Q laser, we achieve continuous adjustable wavelength between 1027-1065nm by adding tunable filter, and the Q pulse is always stable. In the case of fixed working wavelength 1048.1nm, by increasing the pump power, the Q pulse repetition frequency can be increased from 60.2kHz to 97.0kHz, and the shortest pulse width is 1.65 u s.3, Using the vertical evaporation method of thickness and concentration gradient WS2-PVA films, we build a WS2 based passive mode locked ytterbium doped fiber laser. By rationally designing the laser structure and selecting the appropriate parameters of the SA, the stable dissipative soliton pulse with the 0.55nm spectrum width, the 20.66MHz repetition rate, the 206ps pulse width and the pulse time band are finally obtained. The wide product is 30, with a very large chirp, and the pulse width can be further compressed out of the cavity to get further compression of.4. A scheme of all fiber passive Q and passive mode locked CVB lasers is proposed. A small mode fiber Bragg grating (FMFBG) is used as a transverse mode selection element to filter the base mode, and the pure TM01 (radial polarized light) and TE01 (angular polarized light) mode output is obtained. WS2-PVA and CNT-PVA are used as saturable absorber respectively. Using their saturated absorption characteristics and polarization independent characteristics, the axisymmetric polarized light with high purity is obtained at the same time, while the output of Q and mode locking pulse is guaranteed. Compared with other schemes, the scheme is simple and the axisymmetric polarized light is conveniently obtained, the Q state and the mode lock shape are adjusted. .5 is not easy to lose. In view of the requirement of laser inertial confinement fusion and laser projection and the uniformity of the target surface in the laser display, we design a beam smoothing and shaping scheme with the combination of multi beam dislocation superposition and array lens. The feasibility of the scheme is discussed through theoretical analysis and related numerical simulation, and the detailed study is made. The influence of each parameter on the target surface smoothing effect. Finally, we verify the scheme in the experiment, and finally get the flat topped beam with the inhomogeneity of RMS below 4.6%. The innovation of this thesis is: 1, the application of WS2 is extended to the 1064nm band for the first time, and the ytterbium doped Q fiber laser with simultaneous adjustable wavelength and repetition frequency is realized. While the wavelength is continuously adjustable between 1027-1065nm, the stable Q state has always existed. In addition, we also realized the ytterbium doped passively mode-locked fiber laser based on WS2, obtained the 20.66MHz heavy frequency, the 206ps pulse width of the stable dissipative soliton pulse.2, the FMFBG as the transverse mode selection element, WS2 as the Q component, the whole fiber passive Q axis was set up. A symmetrical polarization beam laser is adjustable between 80KHz and 120KHz, and the shortest pulse width 958ns. has high mode purity radial polarized light and angular polarized light.3 by adjusting the polarization controller of the cavity. FMFBG is used as a transverse mode selection element and CNT is used as a mode locking element to realize the all fiber passive mode locked CVB laser. At the end of the 10.61MHz heavy frequency and 22.73ps pulse width stabilizing lock mode, the radial polarized light.4 with the mode purity up to 98.03% is obtained. A beam smoothing and shaping scheme with the combination of multi beam dislocation superposition and the array lens is proposed. The feasibility of the square case is discussed through theoretical analysis and the related numerical simulation, and the experimental verification is carried out. The scheme is simple and easy to use, wide applicability and high redundancy.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術(shù)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN248

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