本文選題：異構(gòu)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò) + 用戶關(guān)聯(lián)��； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)承載的用戶數(shù)量和數(shù)據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)流量的急劇增長(zhǎng),蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)逐漸向異構(gòu)化方向演進(jìn)。大量低功耗低成本的小基站引入到宏小區(qū)中,形成異構(gòu)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)。小基站為用戶帶來(lái)更多的網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源,提升了系統(tǒng)容量。然而由于小基站地理位置的隨機(jī)性以及宏基站和小基站在傳輸功率上的巨大差異,傳統(tǒng)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)中基于基站參考信號(hào)功率為用戶選擇信號(hào)最強(qiáng)的基站的用戶關(guān)聯(lián)方法,導(dǎo)致宏基站與小基站之間負(fù)載失衡,無(wú)法充分利用小基站的網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。因此異構(gòu)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的用戶關(guān)聯(lián)方案應(yīng)主動(dòng)的將用戶與小基站關(guān)聯(lián),實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載均衡。另一方面,用戶關(guān)聯(lián)方案極大的影響了用戶的服務(wù)質(zhì)量(Quality of Service, QoS)。用戶所關(guān)聯(lián)的基站處的可用資源影響了用戶速率,而由于異構(gòu)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)存在宏基站和小基站之間的跨層干擾以及小基站之間的同層干擾,對(duì)用戶關(guān)聯(lián)基站的選擇,也影響了用戶的信號(hào)干擾噪聲比(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio, SINR)。此外,隨著異構(gòu)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)密集化,小基站也會(huì)出現(xiàn)空載和輕載的現(xiàn)象,這些空載和輕載的小基站不僅增大了系統(tǒng)能耗,也對(duì)鄰近用戶產(chǎn)生了干擾。本文針對(duì)異構(gòu)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的用戶關(guān)聯(lián)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究,以實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載均衡為目標(biāo),并提升用戶的QoS性能。論文的主要研究成果如下：(1)針對(duì)異構(gòu)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶存在最低速率需求的情況,提出了一種能滿足用戶最低速率需求的用戶關(guān)聯(lián)方案。該方案將用戶最低速率約束與效用函數(shù)最大化框架相結(jié)合,提出具有用戶最低速率約束的資源分配和用戶關(guān)聯(lián)的聯(lián)合優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,并將該聯(lián)合優(yōu)化問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為帶基數(shù)約束的資源分配問(wèn)題。通過(guò)重加權(quán)l(xiāng)1范數(shù)正則化方法來(lái)求得資源分配優(yōu)化問(wèn)題的稀疏解,再由該稀疏解得到用戶關(guān)聯(lián)方案,以滿足用戶與單基站關(guān)聯(lián)的約束。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了方案的有效性。(2)針對(duì)用戶與小基站關(guān)聯(lián)后用戶的SINR降低導(dǎo)致中斷概率增大的情況,提出了一種能感知用戶中斷概率的用戶關(guān)聯(lián)方案。該方案通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)與用戶中斷概率有關(guān)的權(quán)值系數(shù),將用戶中斷概率引入到效用函數(shù)最大化框架中,提出一個(gè)用戶關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系的組合優(yōu)化問(wèn)題。將該組合優(yōu)化問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為單調(diào)的次模函數(shù)最大化問(wèn)題,并通過(guò)惰性求值的加速式貪心算法求得次優(yōu)解。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明加速式貪心算法具有較低的計(jì)算復(fù)雜度,也表明該方案既實(shí)現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載均衡,又有效的降低了用戶的中斷概率。(3)針對(duì)用戶與小基站關(guān)聯(lián)后用戶的長(zhǎng)期SINR降低的文題,提出了一種能調(diào)節(jié)網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載均衡和用戶長(zhǎng)期SINR指標(biāo)之間折衷關(guān)系的用戶關(guān)聯(lián)方案。該方案將用戶與基站的關(guān)聯(lián)過(guò)程建模為雙目標(biāo)優(yōu)化問(wèn)題并且線性化為系數(shù)可調(diào)的效用函數(shù)最大化問(wèn)題。通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)權(quán)值系數(shù),將該效用函數(shù)最大化問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為基于二部圖的最大匹配,并用匈牙利算法求得最優(yōu)解。仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該方案通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)參數(shù),可以在基站負(fù)載均衡和用戶QoS之間取得折衷。(4)針對(duì)密集化異構(gòu)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)中小基站存在空載和輕載的情況,提出了一種用戶關(guān)聯(lián)策略和基站休眠控制的聯(lián)合控制方案。該方案通過(guò)迭代式方法確定小基站的工作模式并求解用戶關(guān)聯(lián)問(wèn)題。利用小基站的負(fù)載信息和鄰近小基站對(duì)用戶的干擾信息,構(gòu)建干擾關(guān)系矩陣,并利用該干擾關(guān)系矩陣提出了一種小基站休眠的決策機(jī)制,對(duì)部分選定的小基站進(jìn)行休眠,從而將用戶關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系集中到活躍小基站處。仿真結(jié)果表明該方案既實(shí)現(xiàn)了異構(gòu)蜂窩網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)的負(fù)載均衡,又有效的降低了活躍小基站的數(shù)量,減小了小基站帶來(lái)的同層干擾,提升了用戶的SINR。
[Abstract]:With the number of users and the rapid growth of data traffic, cellular network architecture gradually evolves into the direction of isomerization. A large number of low power and low cost small base stations are introduced into the macro cell to form heterogeneous cellular networks. Small base stations bring more network resources for users and enhance the system capacity. However, small base stations are due to small base stations. The randomness of geographical location and the huge difference in transmission power between the Acer station and the small base station. The user association method based on the base station reference signal power for the strongest base station of the user, which leads to the load imbalance between the Acer station and the small base station, can not fully utilize the network resources of the small base station. Therefore, the isomer wasp The user association scheme in the nest network should actively associate a user with a small base station to achieve a network load balancing. On the other hand, the user association scheme greatly affects the user's Quality of Service (QoS). The available resources of the base station associated with the user affect the user rate, and because the heterogeneous cellular network is in the macro. The cross layer interference between the base station and the small base station and the same layer interference between the small base stations, the selection of the user associated base station also affects the user's signal to noise ratio (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio, SINR). In addition, the small base stations also have the phenomenon of empty and light load with the density of heterogeneous cellular networks, and these no-load and The light load small base station not only increases the energy consumption of the system, but also produces interference to the adjacent users. This paper studies the user association problem in the heterogeneous cellular network to achieve the network load balancing and improves the user's QoS performance. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) there is the lowest rate for the heterogeneous cellular network users. In the case of rate requirement, a user association scheme that meets the minimum rate of users is proposed. This scheme combines the minimum rate constraint of the user with the utility function maximization framework, and proposes a joint optimization question with the user minimum rate constraints for resource allocation and user association, and transforms the joint optimization problem into a base number. Constrained resource allocation problem. The sparse solution of resource allocation optimization problem is obtained by the weighted L1 norm regularization method, and then the user association scheme is obtained by this sparse solution to satisfy the constraints associated with the single base station. The simulation experiment results verify the effectiveness of the scheme. (2) the user's SINR reduction after the user is associated with the small base station. In the case of increasing the probability of interruption, a user association scheme which can perceive the interruption probability of the user is proposed. By designing the weight coefficient related to the interruption probability of the user, this scheme introduces the user interruption probability into the utility function maximization framework and proposes a combinatorial optimization problem of the user association relationship. The simulation experiment results show that the accelerated greedy algorithm has a lower computational complexity, and shows that the scheme not only realizes the network load balance, but also effectively reduces the user's interruption probability. (3) for the user and the small base. A user's long-term SINR reduction is proposed, and a user association scheme that regulates the tradeoff relationship between network load balancing and the user's long-term SINR index is proposed. This scheme models the relationship between the user and the base station as a dual objective optimization problem and linearizes the utility function maximization problem with a coefficient adjustable. The weight coefficient is converted to the maximum matching of the utility function based on the maximum matching of two graphs, and the optimal solution is obtained by the Hungarian algorithm. The simulation results show that the scheme can compromise between the base station load balance and the user QoS by adjusting the parameters. (4) there is no load and light on the medium and small base stations of dense heterogeneous cellular networks. A joint control scheme of the user association strategy and the base station dormancy control is proposed. The scheme determines the working mode of the small base station and solves the user association problem through an iterative method. The interference relationship matrix is constructed by using the load information of the small base station and the interference information of the adjacent small base station to the user, and the interference relationship is used. The matrix puts forward a decision mechanism of the small base station dormancy, which dormant to some selected small base stations, so that the user association is concentrated to the active small base station. The simulation results show that the scheme not only realizes the load balance in the heterogeneous cellular network, but also effectively reduces the number of small base stations, and reduces the same base station. Layer interference, raising the user's SINR.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5

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