本文選題：寬角掃描 + 相控陣��； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：為了迎合相控陣?yán)走_在搜索、探測、識別以及跟蹤等方面日益增長的需求,具有寬角掃描性能的平面型相控陣天線的研究日趨活躍。本文以擴展平面微帶結(jié)構(gòu)相控陣天線的波束掃描范圍為研究課題,創(chuàng)新性地提出了將高阻抗表面形式的人工電磁表面作為微帶天線的地板,研究并提出了新型雙端射天線單元、低剖面寬波束天線單元,并最終實現(xiàn)了波束掃描范圍達±88°的平面寬角掃描相控陣,極大擴展了傳統(tǒng)平面相控陣的波束掃描范圍。此外,文中針對采用周期性亞波長單元構(gòu)成的高阻抗表面所具有的極化敏感性問題,提出了兩種表面波波導(dǎo)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),它們能夠在寬頻帶內(nèi)實現(xiàn)TM和TE模式相速度相同這一獨特性能。本論文的主要研究內(nèi)容概括如下:第一章介紹了相控陣天線的發(fā)展背景,簡要闡述了寬角掃描相控陣的研究背景及意義,系統(tǒng)地回顧了寬角掃描相控陣天線的國內(nèi)外發(fā)展歷程及研究現(xiàn)狀。第二章探索高阻抗表面作為天線地板時所具有的獨特電磁特性。設(shè)計了一款新穎的基于高阻抗表面的具有雙向端射性能的低剖面天線,證實了采用周期性人工電磁材料作為天線地板可以將耦合至地板上的電磁波轉(zhuǎn)化成沿著地板結(jié)構(gòu)傳播的表面波,從而削弱傳統(tǒng)天線金屬地板的鏡面反射作用,實現(xiàn)與常規(guī)的水平放置于高阻抗表面上方的線天線所呈現(xiàn)的邊射方向圖截然不同的輻射特性。第三章簡要介紹了可重構(gòu)天線技術(shù),提出了利用高阻抗表面實現(xiàn)微帶Yagi-Uda型寄生陣列的低仰角輻射這一概念�；诖烁拍�,設(shè)計了基于人工電磁材料的方向圖可重構(gòu)寬波束天線單元。該天線具有左右可切換的、波束偏向端射方向的寬波束方向圖。分析了高阻抗表面上表面波傳播特性,并對高阻抗表面的工作機理進行了理論闡述。第四章創(chuàng)新性地提出了結(jié)合高阻抗表面和方向圖可重構(gòu)技術(shù)來擴展平面相控陣的波束掃描范圍這一思想。首先,設(shè)計出一款基于高阻抗表面的方向圖可重構(gòu)天線單元;其次,將該天線單元應(yīng)用于相控陣的設(shè)計中,通過采用等幅、遞進相位饋電,該相控陣實現(xiàn)了寬達±88°的主波束掃描,突破了平面相控陣波束掃描范圍窄這一難題。此外,文中對包含互耦效應(yīng)的相控陣方向圖模擬方法進行了回顧。第五章研究了高阻抗表面在平面型寬角掃描相控陣上的應(yīng)用。提出了基于高阻抗表面的印制板線天線單元及其陣列,該天線輻射結(jié)構(gòu)為簡單的線天線,從而突出了人工電磁材料在寬角掃描相控陣中的重要作用。陣列實現(xiàn)了掃描角寬達±85°的波束掃描范圍,并具有旁瓣電平低、整個掃描區(qū)間內(nèi)增益波動維持在3dB以內(nèi)的優(yōu)點。此外,提出并建立了基于高阻抗表面的寬波束天線的輻射機理模型圖,為基于高阻抗表面的天線單元的寬波束輻射特性以及陣列的寬角掃描特性提供了理論依據(jù)。第六章針對目前作為表面波波導(dǎo)的人工電磁材料所具有的極化敏感性問題,研究和提出了兩種表面波波導(dǎo)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),它們具有以相同相速度支持TM和TE模式表面波傳播的獨特性能。文中以方環(huán)-網(wǎng)格形單元結(jié)構(gòu)以及改進型蝴蝶結(jié)形式的單元結(jié)構(gòu)作為代表,分析了這兩種拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的表面波波導(dǎo)所具有的極化不敏感性特性。根據(jù)這兩種拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)可以具體構(gòu)造出不同單元形式的極化不敏感的表面波波導(dǎo)。具有該性能的人工電磁結(jié)構(gòu)可以應(yīng)用于二維寬波束天線單元中以促進E面和H面的端射方向輻射,從而促進二維寬角掃描相控陣的實現(xiàn)。第七章歸納和總結(jié)了本論文的主要工作,展望了下一步的研究工作。
[Abstract]:In order to cater to the increasing demand of phased array radar in search, detection, recognition and tracking, the research of planar phased array antenna with wide angle scanning performance is becoming more and more active. In this paper, the beam scanning range of the phased array antenna with planar microstrip structure is extended as the research topic, and the high impedance surface form is innovatively proposed. The artificial electromagnetic surface is used as the floor of microstrip antenna. A new type of dual end antenna element, low profile wide beam antenna unit, and a planar wide-angle scanning phased array with a beam scanning range of + 88 degrees is finally realized, and the beam scanning range of the traditional planar phased array is greatly expanded. In addition, the periodic subwave is used in this paper. The problem of polarization sensitivity on the high impedance surface composed of long units is proposed. Two kinds of surface wave guided topological structures are proposed. They can achieve the same unique performance of the TM and TE modes in the broadband band. The main contents of this paper are summarized as follows: the first chapter introduces the development background of phased array antenna, and briefly describes the development of the phased array antenna. The research background and significance of wide-angle scanning phased array are reviewed. The development and research status of wide angle phased array antennas at home and abroad are reviewed systematically. In the second chapter, the unique electromagnetic characteristics of high impedance surface as an antenna floor are explored. A novel low profile based on high impedance surface with two-way end ejection performance is designed. The surface antenna proves that the periodic artificial electromagnetic material can be used as an antenna floor to convert the electromagnetic waves coupled to the floor into the surface wave propagating along the floor structure, thereby weakening the mirror reflection of the traditional antenna metal floor, and realizing the side fire of the line antenna, which is placed above the high impedance surface with the normal level. In the third chapter, the third chapter briefly introduces the reconfigurable antenna technology, and proposes the concept of low elevation radiation of a microstrip parasitic array using a high impedance surface. Based on this concept, a directional reconfigurable wide beam antenna unit based on an artificial electromagnetic material is designed. The antenna has the right and left tangent. The wide beam direction of the beam is biased toward the end shooting direction. The propagation characteristics of the surface wave on the high impedance surface are analyzed, and the working mechanism of the high impedance surface is expounded. The fourth chapter puts forward the idea of extending the beam scanning range of the flat face phased array with the combination of high impedance surface and direction graphic reconfiguration technology. First, a directional reconfigurable antenna element based on a high impedance surface is designed. Secondly, the antenna element is applied to the design of phased array. By using the equal amplitude and phase feed, the phased array realizes the main beam scanning of up to 88 degrees, which breaks through the narrow range of the beam scanning in the planar phased array. In addition, the package is used in the paper. The simulation method of phased array pattern with mutual coupling effect is reviewed. In the fifth chapter, the application of high impedance surface to planar wide angle scanning phased array is studied. A printed board line antenna unit and its array based on high impedance surface are proposed. The radiation structure of the antenna is simple line sky line, which highlights the wide angle of artificial electromagnetic materials. The important role of scanning phased array is that the array realizes the beam scanning range of a scanning angle of + 85 degrees, and has the advantage of low sidelobe level and the gain fluctuation within 3dB within the entire scanning interval. Furthermore, a model map of the radiant mechanism of a wide beam antenna based on a high impedance surface is proposed and established, which is based on a high impedance surface. A theoretical basis is provided for the wide beam radiation characteristics of the linear element and the wide angle scanning characteristics of the array. In the sixth chapter, two topologies of the surface wave conductance are studied and proposed for the polarization sensitivity of the artificial electromagnetic materials which are currently guided by the surface wave wave. They have the same phase velocity to support the TM and TE mode surface waves. In this paper, the polarization insensitivity characteristics of the surface wave conductance of the two topological structures are analyzed with the square ring element structure and the unit structure of the improved bow form. The polarization insensitive surface waves of the two topological structures can be concretely constructed. Waveguide. The artificial electromagnetic structure with this performance can be applied to the two-dimensional wide beam antenna unit to promote the end radiation of the E surface and the H surface, thus promoting the realization of the two-dimensional wide-angle scanning phased array. The seventh chapter summarizes and summarizes the main work of this paper, and looks forward to the next step of the research work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN821.8

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