本文選題：移動傳感器網(wǎng)絡 + 覆蓋控制�。� 參考：《北京理工大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：覆蓋控制技術(shù)是移動傳感器網(wǎng)絡的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。合理的覆蓋控制策略可以提升網(wǎng)絡的服務質(zhì)量,優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡整體能量的使用效率,優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)。因此,研究傳感器網(wǎng)絡的覆蓋控制技術(shù)具有重要的理論意義和實踐價值。本文針對移動傳感器網(wǎng)絡覆蓋問題進行了深入的探討,以增大覆蓋率,消除覆蓋空洞以及延長網(wǎng)絡生命周期為目標對多種類型的傳感器網(wǎng)絡進行了深入研究。首先,本文對二維空間中的同構(gòu)傳感器網(wǎng)絡和異構(gòu)傳感器網(wǎng)絡的覆蓋控制問題的相關(guān)算法進行了分析。針對二維同構(gòu)傳感器網(wǎng)絡覆蓋控制中存在的高通節(jié)點匯聚問題和移動能耗不均勻問題,本文提出了能量平衡的擴展虛擬力覆蓋控制算法。算法通過加入鄰居節(jié)點選擇策略解決了高通網(wǎng)絡在覆蓋控制中容易出現(xiàn)的節(jié)點聚集問題。算法中還引入了網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點移動的能量消耗平衡策略,該策略可以保護網(wǎng)絡中小能量節(jié)點的能量,使覆蓋過程中節(jié)點能量消耗更加均衡。由于異構(gòu)的傳感器網(wǎng)絡中節(jié)點感知能力不同,因此在異構(gòu)傳感器網(wǎng)絡中不存在一個理想距離。傳統(tǒng)覆蓋控制算法并不適合異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡。針對異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡情況下傳感器網(wǎng)絡拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)的特點,本文提出了用邏輯拓撲來代替物理拓撲以避免高通信半徑情況下節(jié)點的匯聚問題。在探究了異構(gòu)情況下覆蓋控制網(wǎng)絡的理想結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎上,提出了使用角度控制的方法來減小覆蓋的空洞和冗余。結(jié)合異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡的性質(zhì),提出了節(jié)點分級的思路來保護異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡中一些關(guān)鍵節(jié)點的能量。綜合上述三點給出了用于異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡的擴展虛擬力覆蓋控制算法,仿真結(jié)果表明算法針對異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡能夠起到很好的覆蓋控制效果,且對網(wǎng)絡總體的能量平衡和重要節(jié)點的能量保護這兩方面都有很好的效果。搭建了覆蓋控制虛擬演示平臺來更加直觀的展示覆蓋過程,方便后續(xù)研究。本文在二維平面覆蓋控制算法研究成果的基礎上,將研究的內(nèi)容擴展到了三維空間。與傳統(tǒng)二維平面網(wǎng)絡相比,三維空間傳感器網(wǎng)絡擁有更強的移動性能。節(jié)點監(jiān)控的區(qū)域擴展成三維空間的球形,拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)更加復雜。本文針對三維空間傳感器網(wǎng)絡的特點對其相關(guān)模型進行了拓展,并結(jié)合前面關(guān)于能量平衡的研究成果和三維空間各方向移動耗能不同的性質(zhì)提出了適用于三維空間的擴展虛擬力覆蓋控制算法。算法可以通過控制向多耗能方向的移動距離來節(jié)約節(jié)點能量消耗,在達到良好覆蓋效果的同時,平衡網(wǎng)絡中節(jié)點的能耗。最后,搭建了傳感器網(wǎng)絡覆蓋實驗平臺。包括移動機器人和球形飛行器實驗平臺的設計與搭建。移動機器人實驗平臺主要用于驗證提出的適用于二維平面同構(gòu)/異構(gòu)移動傳感器網(wǎng)絡覆蓋控制算法的有效性。球形飛行器平臺,可以為后續(xù)研究中對三維空間覆蓋算法的效果進行驗證。
[Abstract]:Coverage control technology is one of the key technologies in mobile sensor networks. Reasonable coverage control strategy can improve the quality of service, optimize the overall energy efficiency of the network, and optimize the topology of the network. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical value to study the coverage control technology of sensor networks. In this paper, the coverage of mobile sensor networks (MSN) is discussed in depth. In order to increase coverage, eliminate coverage voids and prolong network life cycle, various types of sensor networks are studied deeply. Firstly, this paper analyzes the coverage control algorithms of isomorphic sensor networks and heterogeneous sensor networks in two-dimensional space. Aiming at the problem of high pass node convergence and uneven mobile energy consumption in coverage control of two-dimensional isomorphic sensor networks, an extended virtual force coverage control algorithm based on energy balance is proposed in this paper. The algorithm solves the problem of node aggregation in overlay control by adding neighbor node selection strategy. The algorithm also introduces the energy consumption balance strategy of network node movement which can protect the energy of small and medium energy nodes in the network and make the energy consumption of nodes more balanced in the process of coverage. There is no ideal distance in heterogeneous sensor networks because of the different perception of nodes in heterogeneous sensor networks. The traditional overlay control algorithm is not suitable for heterogeneous networks. According to the characteristics of sensor network topology in heterogeneous networks, this paper proposes a logical topology instead of physical topology to avoid the convergence of nodes in the case of high communication radius. On the basis of exploring the ideal structure of overlay control network in heterogeneous environment, an angle control method is proposed to reduce the void and redundancy of overlay. Combined with the nature of heterogeneous networks, the idea of node classification is proposed to protect the energy of some key nodes in heterogeneous networks. Based on the above three points, an extended virtual force coverage control algorithm for heterogeneous networks is presented. The simulation results show that the algorithm can achieve a good coverage control effect for heterogeneous networks. And it has a good effect on the energy balance of the network and the energy protection of important nodes. The virtual demonstration platform of overlay control is built to show the overlay process more intuitively. In this paper, based on the research results of two-dimensional plane coverage control algorithm, the content of the study is extended to three dimensional space. Compared with traditional two-dimensional planar networks, three-dimensional space sensor networks have stronger mobility performance. The area monitored by nodes expands into a sphere of three-dimensional space, and the topology is more complex. According to the characteristics of 3D spatial sensor networks, the related models are extended in this paper. Combined with the previous research on energy balance and the different properties of moving energy consumption in three dimensional space, an extended virtual force coverage control algorithm for 3D space is proposed. The algorithm can reduce the energy consumption of nodes by controlling the moving distance in the direction of multiple energy consumption, and balance the energy consumption of nodes in the network while achieving a good coverage effect. Finally, the experiment platform of sensor network coverage is built. Including the design and construction of mobile robot and spherical aircraft experimental platform. The mobile robot experimental platform is mainly used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed coverage control algorithm for two-dimensional planar isomorphic / heterogeneous mobile sensor networks. The spherical aircraft platform can be used to verify the effect of the three-dimensional space coverage algorithm in the following research.
【學位授予單位】：北京理工大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP212.9

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