本文選題：微帶反射陣 + 透射陣列天線　； 參考：《中國科學(xué)院國家空間科學(xué)中心》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代遠(yuǎn)距離通信系統(tǒng)對高增益天線的需求越來越廣泛,而傳統(tǒng)的各種高增益天線都具有它們各自的缺點(diǎn)。微帶反射陣列天線和透射陣列天線在一定程度上彌補(bǔ)了它們的缺點(diǎn),在天線結(jié)構(gòu)和性能方面具有較明顯的優(yōu)勢,比如它們的低剖面、平面結(jié)構(gòu)、體積小、重量輕、效率較高、功能靈活,加工成本低等優(yōu)點(diǎn)都是傳統(tǒng)高增益天線所不具有的。本文圍繞微帶反射陣天線和透射陣天線展開研究,主要包括對寬帶和雙頻反射陣天線、寬帶透射陣天線以及雙頻反射/透射陣列天線的研究設(shè)計(jì)與分析,詳細(xì)內(nèi)容如下:1、寬帶反射陣的研究設(shè)計(jì)與分析。文章中系統(tǒng)的總結(jié)了反射陣實(shí)現(xiàn)寬帶特性的方法和詳細(xì)的分析了制約反射陣帶寬的因素,從單元帶寬這一因素入手,分別基于采用多諧振結(jié)構(gòu)、亞波長技術(shù)和加載相位延遲線單元結(jié)構(gòu)這三種拓展帶寬方法的基本思想,提出了五種新型的反射陣單元形式,分別是:旋轉(zhuǎn)嵌套六邊形單元、地板開縫貼片單元、四臂阿基米德螺旋單元、亞波長多臂阿基米德螺旋單元、圓環(huán)加載雙相位延遲線單元。單元都具有良好的反射特性,其反射相位范圍遠(yuǎn)超過360°,反射相位曲線的線性度良好,入射波斜入射對單元的反射特性的影響很小,而且單元在不同頻率處的反射相位曲線之間的平行度良好。采用這些單元分別進(jìn)行反射陣的設(shè)計(jì)、仿真、加工和測試,實(shí)測結(jié)果表明所設(shè)計(jì)的反射陣具有良好的輻射特性,且具有較寬的增益帶寬。尤其對于阿基米德螺旋單元,本文率先提出將其應(yīng)用于反射陣的設(shè)計(jì),并得到了良好帶寬特性和較高的口徑效率。將亞波長技術(shù)與多臂阿基米德螺旋單元相結(jié)合得出的亞波長多臂螺旋單元突破了傳統(tǒng)亞波長單元的反射相位范圍小于360°的限制,實(shí)現(xiàn)了500°的反射相移。此外,采用圓環(huán)加載雙相位延遲線單元設(shè)計(jì)的反射陣其帶寬特性達(dá)到了業(yè)內(nèi)領(lǐng)先水平。2、單層雙頻反射陣的研究設(shè)計(jì)與分析。首先采用雙平行振子單元設(shè)計(jì)了一個頻段間隔較近的X/Ku雙頻雙極化反射陣,實(shí)測結(jié)果表明了反射陣良好的雙頻雙極化輻射性能,在兩個頻段的中心頻率處均具有較高的口徑效率,但是天線在兩個頻段內(nèi)的帶寬較窄。針對這一問題,接著采用六平行振子單元設(shè)計(jì)了一個偏饋的雙頻雙極化反射陣,實(shí)測結(jié)果表明相比于雙平行振子單元設(shè)計(jì)的反射陣,該反射陣具有更好的帶寬特性。然后分析采用普通的雙圓環(huán)單元實(shí)現(xiàn)反射陣雙頻工作的可行性,結(jié)合了亞波長技術(shù)的思想,合理的選擇單元的柵格周期及優(yōu)化其他參數(shù),設(shè)計(jì)了一個頻段間隔較遠(yuǎn)的Ku/Ka雙頻反射陣。最后基于亞波長技術(shù)提出了一種嵌套圓環(huán)加載相位延遲線單元,采用該單元進(jìn)行頻段間隔較遠(yuǎn)的X/Ku雙頻反射陣的設(shè)計(jì)、加工及測試。3、寬帶透射陣的研究設(shè)計(jì)與分析�；趯拵Х瓷潢噯卧脑O(shè)計(jì)方法及思想,本文提出了兩個新型的寬帶透射陣單元形式,分別為三層圓環(huán)加載相位延遲線單元和四層圓環(huán)加載雙相位延遲線縫隙單元,它們均具有良好的透射特性,透射相位范圍均超過了360°,而且透射損耗均較小,而且入射波入射角對單元的透射特性影響較小。采用這兩種單元分別設(shè)計(jì)了一個透射陣列天線,仿真結(jié)果表明這兩個透射陣天線均具有良好的輻射特性和帶寬特性。4、反射/透射陣列天線的研究設(shè)計(jì)與分析�；诓捎妙l率選擇表面(FSS)實(shí)現(xiàn)雙頻反射陣的思想,本文提出了一個可以同時工作于反射和透射模式的雙頻反射/透射陣列天線,該天線在13.85GHz和8GHz處分別工作于反射和透射模式,仿真和實(shí)測結(jié)果表明該天線在兩個模式內(nèi)分別具有良好的反射和透射性能。該反射/透射陣天線在多頻率復(fù)用方面具有很大的應(yīng)用潛力。
[Abstract]:The demand for high gain antennas is becoming more and more widespread in modern long distance communication systems, and the traditional high gain antennas have their own shortcomings. The microstrip reflector array antenna and transmission array antenna make up for their shortcomings to some extent, and have obvious advantages in antenna structure and performance square masks, such as their low profile. The advantages of the planar structure, the small size, the light weight, the high efficiency, the flexible function and the low processing cost are all not available for the traditional high gain antenna. This paper focuses on the microstrip reflector antenna and the transmission array antenna, mainly including the wideband and dual frequency reflexive antenna, the broadband transmission array antenna and the dual frequency reflection / transmission array antenna. The research design and analysis are as follows: 1, the design and analysis of the wideband reflective array. The paper systematically summarizes the method of the wideband characteristics of the reflection array and analyzes the factors that restrict the bandwidth of the reflective array. Starting with the element bandwidth, it is based on the multi resonant structure, subwavelength technology and the loading phase respectively. The basic idea of three kinds of extended bandwidth method for delay line unit structure, five new types of reflective array elements are proposed, which are rotating nested hexagonal unit, floor slit patch unit, four arm Archimedes spiral unit, subwavelength multi arm Archimedes spiral unit, and ring loaded double phase delay line unit. The reflection phase range is far more than 360 degrees, and the linearity of the reflected phase curve is good. The oblique incidence of the incident wave has little influence on the reflection characteristics of the unit, and the parallelism between the reflected phase curves at different frequencies is good. The design, simulation, processing and testing of the reflection array are used. The measured results show that the designed reflection array has good radiation characteristics and has a wide gain bandwidth. Especially for Archimedes spiral element, this paper first proposed the design of the reflection array, and obtained good bandwidth characteristics and higher caliber efficiency. The subwavelength technology and the multi arm Archimedes spiral element are combined. The subwavelength multi arm helix unit breaks through the limitation that the reflection phase range of the traditional sub wavelength unit is less than 360 degrees, and achieves the reflection phase shift of 500 degrees. In addition, the bandwidth characteristics of the reflexes designed by the ring loaded double phase delay line unit have reached the leading level of.2 in the industry, and the design and analysis of the single-layer double frequency reflexes are designed and analyzed. First, a double frequency double polarization reflexive array of X/Ku is designed with a double parallel oscillator unit. The measured results show that the dual frequency and dual polarization radiation performance of the reflector is good. It has high aperture efficiency at the center frequency of the two frequency bands, but the bandwidth of the antenna is narrow in the two frequency bands. A double frequency dual polarization reflexion array with a partial feed is designed with six parallel oscillator units. The measured results show that the reflexes have better bandwidth characteristics than the reflexes designed by the double parallel oscillator unit. Then, the feasibility of the dual frequency work of the reflective array is realized by using a common double ring element, and the thought of the subwavelength technique is combined. The design of a Ku/Ka dual frequency reflection array with a long frequency interval is designed to select the grid cycle of the unit and other parameters. Finally, a nested ring loaded phase delay line unit is proposed based on the subwavelength technology, and the design of a X/Ku dual frequency reflector with a far distance is used to process and test the.3 and broadband penetration. Based on the design method and thought of the wideband reflective array unit, two new broadband transmission array elements are proposed, which are three layers of ring loaded phase delay line unit and four layer ring loaded double phase delay line slot unit. All of them have good transmission characteristics and transmission phase range are all More than 360 degrees, and the transmission loss is small, and the incidence angle of the incident wave has little influence on the transmission characteristics of the unit. A transmission array antenna is designed by these two elements. The simulation results show that the two transmission antennas have good radiation characteristics and bandwidth specificity.4. Based on the idea of using frequency selective surface (FSS) to realize dual frequency reflection array, this paper presents a dual frequency reflective / transmission array antenna that can work simultaneously in reflection and transmission modes. The antenna operates at the reflection and transmission modes at 13.85GHz and 8GHz respectively. The simulation and measurement results show that the antenna is in two modes. It has good reflection and transmission performance. The reflector / transmission array antenna has great potential in multifrequency reuse.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院國家空間科學(xué)中心
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN822

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