本文選題：大陸媒體 + 伊斯蘭國家　； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：論文基于新聞學(xué)、傳播學(xué)等多學(xué)科理論,對事件以來中國大陸媒體對伊斯蘭合作組織個成員國的新聞報道做了整體性梳理,具體運用新聞框架、議程設(shè)置、發(fā)展傳播學(xué)等理論給予專業(yè)性多角度解析,在梳理總結(jié)有益經(jīng)驗的同時,指出了報道中存在的不足與深層次問題。中國媒體在報道主體和前端控制中,既要有內(nèi)外報道政策的考量,又要有伊斯蘭文化禁忌的觀照,除了新聞職業(yè)道德與新聞的固有專業(yè)要求之外,中國媒體還要準確反映中國和伊斯蘭國家的核心利益和共同關(guān)切,并在宏觀上做好信源控制和熱點控制,微觀上做好表達控制和有害信息管控。涉外報道的經(jīng)驗可以反哺給對外報道,兩者也可實現(xiàn)更好聯(lián)動。與涉外報道標準不同,官媒對伊斯蘭國家報道更看重沖突性和反常性,而穆斯林民間媒體更看重重要性和接近性。加強國際國內(nèi)報道文本表達的協(xié)調(diào)性,應(yīng)進一步規(guī)避西式表達,慎重對待翻譯稿件,重視使用直接引語,并堅持獨立采制。報道中應(yīng)避免跨宗教詞匯混用,標題擬制和改寫應(yīng)忠于事實,避免誤導(dǎo)受眾。商業(yè)網(wǎng)站在使用傷亡照片時應(yīng)加技術(shù)處理,并應(yīng)加強人文關(guān)懷,避免傷害受眾。較之西方媒體,中國媒體表達了更多中立立場,但在部分熱點問題上自覺不自覺地也與西媒保持了某種事實上的呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。對伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭的報道中,弱勢媒體面對西方強勢媒體應(yīng)驗了“羊群效應(yīng)”,從眾報道行為導(dǎo)致多次“塌方式”報道偏差。相關(guān)報道通過對沖式、二傳手式、轉(zhuǎn)圈式、隱蔽式和多信源式等五種轉(zhuǎn)載方式對接外媒,總體上仍存在外媒依賴癥;而語言問題、簽證問題、人員配備數(shù)量問題、記者換班問題以及官媒駐外記者站的分散性問題等共同影響了采制能力的提升。普通民眾、大學(xué)生、穆斯林知識分子、非穆斯林知識分子、一般媒體工作人員以及伊斯蘭國家在華留學(xué)生等六類人群普遍認為宗教因素對采制和理解相關(guān)報道至關(guān)重要,并希望進行更多的獨立自主報道。與報道相關(guān)的信息流動,存在“不閉環(huán)”和“不對流”情況;“沉默的螺旋”現(xiàn)象也普遍存在,但新媒體的使用帶來了新情況。由于存在效果測定難度,難以有效減輕話語疲勞癥、文化隔膜癥、翻譯誤讀癥和宣傳恐懼癥等。民間輿論場和官方輿論場存在自說自話情況。提升國家的整體話語權(quán),應(yīng)加強輿論場協(xié)調(diào)并有效整合現(xiàn)有評論力量。輿論領(lǐng)袖越來越多使用社交媒體來發(fā)表觀點,應(yīng)更加重視聯(lián)合平臺建設(shè),保障輿論領(lǐng)袖及時準確順暢地進行更加國際化的輿論表達�！耙粠б宦贰睉�(zhàn)略為改善相關(guān)報道提供了良好契機,《中國政府對阿拉伯國家政策文件》為媒體進一步指點了方向。伊斯蘭國家是中國提升對外國家話語權(quán)的重要陣地,應(yīng)加強對現(xiàn)有報道的優(yōu)劣勢分析,創(chuàng)新報道思維、加大報道力度,提升報道效果。
[Abstract]:Based on the theories of journalism, communication and other disciplines, the paper makes an overall analysis of the news reports of the OIC member states by the Chinese mainland media since the incident, using the news framework and agenda setting. The theories of developing communication and other theories are analyzed from various angles. While summing up the useful experience, the paper points out the shortcomings and deep-seated problems in the report. In the Chinese media reporting subject and front-end control, both internal and external reporting policy considerations and Islamic cultural taboos should be taken into account, in addition to the professional ethics of journalism and the inherent professional requirements of journalism. The Chinese media should also accurately reflect the core interests and common concerns of China and Islamic countries, and do a good job of source control and hot spot control at the macro level, and expression control and harmful information control on the micro level. The experience of foreign-related reporting can be fed back to external reports, and the two can also achieve better linkage. Unlike foreign reporting standards, state media focus more on conflict and anomaly in Islamic reporting, while Muslim folk media value importance and proximity. To strengthen the coordination of the international and domestic reports, we should further avoid the western expression, treat the translated manuscripts with caution, attach importance to the use of direct quotations, and insist on independent collection. The mixed use of interreligious words should be avoided, and the preparation and rewriting of titles should be faithful to the facts and avoid misleading the audience. When using casualty photos, commercial websites should strengthen humanistic care and avoid harming the audience. Compared with the western media, the Chinese media expressed more neutral stance, but consciously and unconsciously maintained some de facto relations with the western media on some hot issues. In the coverage of the war in Iraq, the weak media in the face of the powerful Western media have realized the herding effect, and the behavior of following the crowd has led to the deviation of the way of reporting many times. The related reports have docked foreign media through five kinds of reprinting methods, namely, hedging, two-pass, revolving, covert and multi-source, which still exist in general, while language problems, visa problems, and staffing problems, The problem of reporter shift and the dispersion of official press station influence the improvement of acquisition ability. Six groups of people, such as ordinary people, college students, Muslim intellectuals, non-Muslim intellectuals, ordinary media workers and students from Islamic countries in China, generally believe that religious factors are essential to the production and understanding of relevant reports. And hope to carry out more independent reports. There are "no closed loop" and "no convection" in the information flow related to the report, and the phenomenon of "silence spiral" also exists generally, but the use of new media brings new situation. Because of the difficulty of effect measurement, it is difficult to reduce speech fatigue, culture diaphragm, translation misreading and propaganda phobia. The public opinion field and the official public opinion field have the self-talk situation. To enhance the state's overall right of speech, we should strengthen the coordination of public opinion field and effectively integrate the existing commentary forces. Opinion leaders more and more use social media to express their views, and should pay more attention to the construction of joint platform to ensure timely, accurate and smooth expression of public opinion. The "Belt and Road" strategy provides a good opportunity to improve the relevant reports, and the Chinese government's policy document on Arab countries further pointed out the direction for the media. Islamic countries are an important position for China to promote the right to speak with foreign countries. It is necessary to strengthen the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the existing reports, innovate the thinking of reports, increase the intensity of reports and improve the results of reports.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G212
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本文編號：1780714