本文選題：酉空時調(diào)制 + 連續(xù)快時變�。� 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：在高鐵車地通信環(huán)境下,列車通常處于開闊地帶環(huán)境且運行速度非�？�,使得衰落信道呈現(xiàn)出明顯的空間相關(guān)和連續(xù)快時變特性。在多天線系統(tǒng)中,酉空時調(diào)制技術(shù)由于接收端不需要知道信道狀態(tài)信息而適用于高鐵車地通信。論文針對高鐵場景,從點對點鏈路、點對多點鏈路以及多點對多點鏈路三個方面研究了酉空時制系統(tǒng)的收發(fā)設(shè)計方案,并進行相關(guān)的性能分析。主要內(nèi)容概括如下：首先,針對點對點鏈路,論文研究了空間相關(guān)連續(xù)快時變信道下酉空時調(diào)制系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)非相干接收機性能。研究表明,盡管最優(yōu)非相干接收機在高信噪比區(qū)域呈現(xiàn)出錯誤平層效應(yīng),但相比不使用任何信道信息的非相干接收機,該接收機能夠獲得顯著的性能改善。另一方面,信道的高空間相關(guān)性使得系統(tǒng)的編碼增益在中等信噪比區(qū)域中有所損失,信道的空間相關(guān)性信息也無益于進一步改善系統(tǒng)性能。鑒于此,論文提出了一種僅利用列車速度信息的簡化非相干接收機方案,可省略信道二階統(tǒng)計特性的估計步驟,從而降低系統(tǒng)的計算復(fù)雜度。論文推導(dǎo)了簡化非相干接收機的成對錯誤概率理論公式。仿真結(jié)果與分析表明簡化非相干接收機的誤碼性能遠優(yōu)于不使用任何信道相關(guān)性信息的次優(yōu)非相干接收機,并且十分接近最優(yōu)非相干接收機。其次,論文提出一種空間相關(guān)連續(xù)快時變信道下酉空時調(diào)制系統(tǒng)的預(yù)編碼器和接收機的聯(lián)合設(shè)計方案。預(yù)編碼器基于信道的發(fā)送空間相關(guān)矩陣進行設(shè)計,以最小化高信噪比條件下信道估計的均方誤差為優(yōu)化目標(biāo)；接收機的設(shè)計則同時利用了信道的發(fā)送／接收空間相關(guān)矩陣和時間相關(guān)矩陣,并根據(jù)最大似然準(zhǔn)則得到最優(yōu)的非相干接收機。仿真結(jié)果表明,相比單一的最優(yōu)非相干接收機,所提方案的誤碼性能得到明顯改善；當(dāng)信道的發(fā)送空間相關(guān)性和歸一化多普勒頻移大到一定程度時,其性能超過空間獨立連續(xù)快時變信道下的最優(yōu)非相干接收機。此外,論文推導(dǎo)了所提方案的成對錯誤概率的理論公式,仿真結(jié)果驗證了推導(dǎo)的正確性。再次,論文提出一種空間獨立連續(xù)快時變信道下基于導(dǎo)頻序列的酉空時調(diào)制系統(tǒng)的相干接收方案。在導(dǎo)頻位置的信道估計誤差方差和信道時間相關(guān)矩陣均已知的前提條件下,通過最大似然法則獲得了最優(yōu)的相干接收機。仿真結(jié)果表明所提方案改善了中低信噪比區(qū)域的最優(yōu)非相干接收機的誤碼率性能。高鐵場景中的列車運行速度變化范圍相當(dāng)寬,對應(yīng)的多普勒頻移也發(fā)生大幅度變化。在這種情況下,酉空時碼的相干接收性能比傳統(tǒng)的空時編碼具有更好的魯棒性,因此進一步驗證了酉空時碼更適用于高鐵通信。針對點對多點鏈路,基于一種新型的信號乘積傳輸方案,論文研究了兩用戶MIMO廣播信道下的的收發(fā)端設(shè)計方案,并詳細分析了兩用戶的誤碼性能。不同用戶有不同的移動速度,從而有不同的信道估計能力。在該場景中,假定移動速度高的用戶(稱為非相干用戶)不知道任何信道狀態(tài)信息,而移動速度低的用戶(稱為相干用戶)已知完美信道狀態(tài)信息。在發(fā)送端,非相干用戶的期望信號采用酉空時調(diào)制方式,相干用戶的期望信號采用空間全復(fù)用方式。在接收端,非相干用戶采用基于最大似然的最優(yōu)非相干接收方案,而對于相干用戶,提出基于最大似然和最小均方誤差的兩種硬檢測方案和基于條件期望最大化的一種軟檢測方案。仿真結(jié)果對比了不同用戶和不同接收方案的誤碼性能。此外,推導(dǎo)了相干用戶和非相干用戶的誤碼率公式,得到相關(guān)的精確解以及上界。最后,針對多點對多點鏈路,論文提出了兩用戶MIMOX信道下的一種酉空時調(diào)制與盲干擾對齊相結(jié)合的傳輸方案,實現(xiàn)了發(fā)送端和接收端均不需要信道狀態(tài)信息的干擾對齊。假設(shè)非相干用戶經(jīng)歷時間選擇性的平坦瑞利衰落信道而相干用戶經(jīng)歷頻率選擇性的靜態(tài)信道,該方案利用信道的這種異構(gòu)性實現(xiàn)干擾對齊。由于非相干用戶無法知道信道狀態(tài)信息,因此需要采用非相干方式進行信號傳輸,在本文所提的方案中,非相干用戶和相干用戶的期望信號均采用酉空時調(diào)制。我們所提的方案比傳統(tǒng)的正交傳輸方案具有更大的分集增益,從而獲得更好的誤碼性能。
[Abstract]:In the communication environment of high speed railway, the train is usually in the open zone environment and runs very fast, which makes the fading channel show obvious spatial correlation and continuous fast time-varying characteristics. In the multi antenna system, the unitary space-time modulation technology is suitable for the high speed railway communication because the receiver does not need to know the channel state information. High speed scene, from three aspects of point to point link, point to point link and multi point to multipoint link, the transceiver design scheme of unitary space-time system is studied, and related performance analysis is carried out. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the unitary space-time modulation system under the space-dependent and fast time-varying channel is studied for point to point link. The performance of the optimal non coherent receiver shows that, although the optimal non coherent receiver presents an erroneous flat layer effect in the high signal to noise ratio region, the receiver can achieve significant performance improvement compared to the non coherent receiver without any channel information. On the other hand, the high spatial correlation of the channel makes the system coding gain. In the middle signal to noise ratio region, the spatial correlation information of the channel is not beneficial to further improve the system performance. In view of this, a simplified non coherent receiver scheme which only uses the train speed information is proposed, which can omit the estimation step of the two order statistical characteristics of the channel, thus reducing the computational complexity of the system. The theoretical formula of the error probability of a simplified incoherent receiver is simplified. The simulation results and analysis show that the error code performance of the simplified incoherent receiver is far superior to the suboptimal incoherent receiver without using any channel correlation information, and is very close to the optimal incoherent receiver. Secondly, a spatially correlated fast time variation is proposed in this paper. A joint design scheme for the precoder and receiver of the unitary space-time modulation system. The precoder is designed based on the transmission space correlation matrix of the channel to minimize the mean square error of the channel estimation under the condition of high signal to noise ratio as the optimization target; the receiver's design simultaneously uses the transmission / reception space correlation matrix of the channel. The optimal non coherent receiver is obtained by the time correlation matrix and the maximum likelihood criterion. The simulation results show that the error performance of the proposed scheme is obviously improved compared with the single optimal incoherent receiver. When the transmission space correlation and the normalized Doppler frequency shift is large to a certain extent, the performance of the proposed scheme is more than space independent. The optimal non coherent receiver under the continuous fast time-varying channel. Furthermore, the thesis derives the theoretical formula of the error probability of the proposed scheme, and the simulation results verify the correctness of the derivation. Thirdly, a coherent reception scheme for the unitary space-time modulation system based on pilot sequence is proposed in the space independent and continuous fast time-varying channel. The optimal coherent receiver is obtained by the maximum likelihood rule under the premise that the variance of channel estimation error and the time correlation matrix of the channel are all known. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme improves the BER performance of the optimal incoherent receiver in the low signal to noise ratio region. In this case, the coherent reception performance of the unitary space-time code has better robustness than the traditional space-time coding in this case. Therefore, it is further verified that the unitary space time code is more suitable for the high speed communication. Based on a new type of signal multiplicative transmission scheme for point to multipoint links, the theory is discussed. This paper studies the receiver design scheme under the two user MIMO broadcast channel, and analyzes the error performance of two users in detail. Different users have different moving speeds and have different channel estimation capabilities. In this scenario, the user who assumes a high moving speed (called a non coherent user) does not know any channel state information and moves in this scene. Users of low speed (known as coherent users) have known perfect channel state information. At the sending end, uncoherent users' expected signals use unitary space-time modulation, and the expected signals of the coherent users adopt the space full multiplexing mode. At the receiving end, the non coherent users adopt the optimal non coherent reception based on the maximum like, and for the coherent users. Two hard detection schemes based on maximum likelihood and minimum mean square error and a soft detection scheme based on conditional expectation maximization are proposed. The simulation results compare the error performance of different users and different receiving schemes. In addition, the error rate formula for coherent users and incoherent users is derived, and the relevant exact solutions and upper bounds are obtained. Finally, for multipoint to multipoint links, a scheme of unitary space-time modulation and blind interference in the two user MIMOX channel is proposed, which realizes the interference alignment of both the transmitter and the receiver without the need of channel state information. The user experiences a frequency selective static channel, which uses the heterogeneity of the channel to achieve interference alignment. Because the incoherent users cannot know the channel state information, it is necessary to use the incoherent mode to carry out the signal transmission. In the proposed scheme, the uncoherent users and the expected signals of the coherent users are all unitary space-time modulation. The proposed scheme has a larger diversity gain than the traditional orthogonal transmission scheme, thus achieving better BER performance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN911.3

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