本文選題：無線傳感器網(wǎng)　切入點：跨層設計　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：礦山安全監(jiān)測對保障礦山安全和生產(chǎn)起著重要作用,其復雜環(huán)境下難以保證各類數(shù)據(jù)信息高效穩(wěn)定的傳輸,需要改進信息網(wǎng)絡分布的合理性和適應環(huán)境變化,保障網(wǎng)絡穩(wěn)定、可靠、高效的傳輸性能。無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡作為智慧礦的一個重要技術平臺,在網(wǎng)絡底層實現(xiàn)目標的監(jiān)測與控制,有效地解決無線傳輸最后一公里的應用目標。其價格低廉,易于部署,快速組網(wǎng)的特點使其更加適合井下復雜環(huán)境的應用。本文針對煤礦井下環(huán)境特征及無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡在井下應用需求,結合無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡的自組織性特點,運用跨層設計技術對井下網(wǎng)絡組網(wǎng)和路由技術進行研究,使其更加適應井下環(huán)境變化對網(wǎng)絡的影響和用戶應用需求,提高網(wǎng)絡系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)男�。主要研究工作包�?1)針對井下巷道窄長的空間結構和復雜的環(huán)境特征,從數(shù)據(jù)傳輸不對稱性方面分析無線多跳網(wǎng)絡數(shù)據(jù)傳輸時出現(xiàn)的“能量空洞”問題,提出一種能耗均衡跨層WSN路由協(xié)議(EBUCR)。通過建模計算部署于巷道內的簇首有效生成密度,運用跨層設計將下一跳路由節(jié)點的鏈路可用帶寬和節(jié)點負載容量作為選取路由節(jié)點的重要因素。從網(wǎng)絡上層骨干節(jié)點的拓撲結構和路由節(jié)點選擇兩個方面來均衡數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。仿真實驗表明,EBUCR協(xié)議實現(xiàn)了簇首節(jié)點的非均勻分布,均衡網(wǎng)絡不同區(qū)域內的能量消耗,提高了網(wǎng)絡吞吐量和傳輸率,更適應于井下巷道內大規(guī)模部署的傳感器節(jié)點數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。2)針對采煤工作面嚴重的無線信道衰落特征,提出一種適應信道衰落的分簇協(xié)議(PEAFC-CL)。首先,動態(tài)調整節(jié)點隨機生成數(shù)的窗口,保證每輪簇首數(shù)目最優(yōu);其次,通過探測幀獲取節(jié)點與基站間的信道效率,聯(lián)合節(jié)點剩余能量信息,作為簇首選則的判斷依據(jù),設計一種自適應信道衰落的分簇協(xié)議。最后,通過衰落儲備法調節(jié)節(jié)點不同時期的發(fā)送功率。仿真結果表明,PEAFC-CL協(xié)議中網(wǎng)絡拓撲比較穩(wěn)定,在信號衰落環(huán)境下適應性強,有效的延長了網(wǎng)絡生命期,降低了網(wǎng)絡丟包率。3)為了滿足井下多種業(yè)務類型的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸需求,適應復雜環(huán)境對網(wǎng)絡的影響,提出基于直覺模糊集的多QoS屬性約束下的多徑路由決策協(xié)議(FMQMRP)。運用跨層技術在多徑路由基礎上保障最低限度滿足QoS需求,發(fā)現(xiàn)維護多條傳輸路徑。通過直覺模糊集理論將多個參數(shù)在多路徑中的優(yōu)劣進行模糊集規(guī)范化,建立多參數(shù)多徑路由決策矩陣。利用信息熵理論客觀計算各個參數(shù)權重,利用TOPSIS法決策多路徑的優(yōu)劣。結果表明,FMQMRP協(xié)議有效地解決多參數(shù)約束下多路徑尋優(yōu)問題,計算復雜度低,網(wǎng)絡控制開銷不高,更加適應于網(wǎng)絡擁擠環(huán)境下QoS保障的多業(yè)務需求。
[Abstract]:Mine safety monitoring plays an important role in ensuring mine safety and production. It is difficult to ensure the efficient and stable transmission of all kinds of data and information in its complex environment. It is necessary to improve the rationality of information network distribution and adapt to environmental changes to ensure network stability. Reliable and efficient transmission performance. Wireless sensor network, as an important technology platform of wisdom mine, realizes the monitoring and control of the target at the bottom of the network, effectively solves the application target of the last kilometer of wireless transmission. The characteristics of easy deployment and fast networking make it more suitable for the application of complex underground environment. This paper aims at the characteristics of underground coal mine environment and the requirements of wireless sensor network in underground application, and combines the self-organization characteristics of wireless sensor network. The cross-layer design technology is used to study the underground network networking and routing technology to make it more suitable for the influence of the underground environment change on the network and the application needs of the users. To improve the efficiency of data transmission in the network system. The main research work includes: (1) aiming at the narrow spatial structure and complex environmental characteristics of underground roadway, In this paper, the problem of "energy hole" in wireless multi-hop network data transmission is analyzed from the aspect of data transmission asymmetry, and a cross-layer WSN routing protocol with balanced energy consumption is proposed. The effective generation density of cluster head deployed in roadway is calculated by modeling. Using cross-layer design, the link available bandwidth and node load capacity of the next hop routing node are considered as the important factors to select the routing node. It is balanced from the topology structure of the backbone node in the upper layer of the network and the selection of the routing node. Data transmission. The simulation results show that the UCR protocol realizes the non-uniform distribution of the cluster head nodes. Balancing energy consumption in different areas of the network, improving network throughput and transmission rate, more suitable for large-scale deployment of underground roadway sensor node data transmission. 2) aiming at the serious wireless channel fading characteristics of coal mining face. A clustering protocol for channel fading is proposed. Firstly, dynamically adjusting the window of the random number of nodes to ensure the optimal number of cluster heads per round. Secondly, the channel efficiency between the node and the base station is obtained by detecting frames. Based on the residual energy information of nodes, a clustering protocol for adaptive channel fading is designed as the basis of cluster preference. Finally, The simulation results show that the network topology of PEAFC-CL protocol is stable, and it has strong adaptability in signal fading environment, which effectively prolongs the network lifetime. In order to meet the data transmission requirements of various types of business underground and adapt to the influence of complex environment on the network, the packet loss rate of the network is reduced. This paper proposes a multipath routing decision protocol based on intuitionistic fuzzy set (QoS) attribute constraint for multipath routing. Using cross-layer technology to ensure that the multipath routing can meet the requirements of QoS at least based on multi-path routing. By using intuitionistic fuzzy set theory, the advantages and disadvantages of multiple parameters in the multipath are normalized, and the multi-parameter multipath routing decision matrix is established. The weight of each parameter is calculated objectively by using the information entropy theory. The TOPSIS method is used to determine the advantages and disadvantages of multipath. The results show that FFM QMRP protocol can effectively solve the multi-path optimization problem under multi-parameter constraints, with low computational complexity and low network control overhead, which is more suitable for the multi-service requirements guaranteed by QoS in congested network environment.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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本文編號：1694671