本文選題：毫米波通信　切入點(diǎn)：大規(guī)模天線陣列　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著第四代移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)在全球范圍內(nèi)的普及,下一代移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)面臨著頻譜資源稀缺的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題。毫米波通信依靠豐富的頻譜資源在下一代移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)的相關(guān)研究中受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。近年來(lái),毫米波通信技術(shù)進(jìn)入了一個(gè)快速發(fā)展的時(shí)期,針對(duì)一些技術(shù)性難題,研究人員提出了各種解決方案。在這一過(guò)程中,結(jié)合大規(guī)模天線陣列和波束成形的毫米波移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)框架被不斷地強(qiáng)化。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本論文圍繞毫米波信道估計(jì)和峰均比壓縮方法進(jìn)行了深入的研究。論文的主要貢獻(xiàn)如下：針對(duì)大規(guī)模天線陣列與波束成形相結(jié)合的毫米波通信系統(tǒng),本文提出了一種新的波束域毫米波信道估計(jì)方法。根據(jù)射線追蹤(Ray-Tracing)模型,首先將毫米波信道矩陣估計(jì)問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為關(guān)于路徑發(fā)射角、到達(dá)角及路徑增益的參數(shù)估計(jì)問(wèn)題。之后,利用波束域二維多重信號(hào)分類(MUSIC, MUltiple SIgnal Classification)空間譜和最小二乘法(Least-Squares)分別估計(jì)路徑的方向角和增益系數(shù),給出了毫米波參數(shù)信道估計(jì)算法。最后,對(duì)所提方案的可行性進(jìn)行了論證,重點(diǎn)分析了波束成形對(duì)于波束域二維MUSIC空間譜模糊效應(yīng)的影響,并給出了避免空間譜模糊效應(yīng)且最大化可分辨路徑方向角數(shù)量的波束成形設(shè)計(jì)充分條件。仿真結(jié)果表明,與目前基于波束訓(xùn)練及稀疏恢復(fù)的毫米波信道估計(jì)方法相比,所提出的信道估計(jì)方法具有更低的均方誤差。為降低大規(guī)模天線陣列下通信接收機(jī)的硬件成本,本文還提出了一種新的基于低精度(1比特)模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換器(ADC, Analog-to-Digital Converter)的發(fā)射端信道估計(jì)方法。量化精度的降低不僅能夠抵消毫米波通信帶寬劇增對(duì)于ADC功耗的影響,而且還有利于降低反饋開(kāi)銷,但是它同時(shí)給信道估計(jì)問(wèn)題提出了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題,本文首先介紹了基于1比特?cái)_動(dòng)量化(DQ,Dithered Quantization)的信道估計(jì)方法,然后提出了基于1比特過(guò)水平采樣(LTS, Level-Triggered Sampling)的信道估計(jì)方法。最后,重點(diǎn)分析了所提方法的漸進(jìn)統(tǒng)計(jì)特性,證明了基于1比特LTS信道估計(jì)的一致性、漸進(jìn)無(wú)偏性及漸進(jìn)正態(tài)性。仿真結(jié)果表明,和基于1比特DQ的信道估計(jì)方法相比,基于1比特LTS的信道估計(jì)性能更接近于全精度采樣情形下的理想結(jié)果。以上信道估計(jì)方法為獲取毫米波信道狀態(tài)信息(CSI, Channel State Information)提供了可行的備選方案。假設(shè)CSI已知,為提升發(fā)射端功率放大器(PA, Power Amplifier)的能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率,本文提出了與波束成形相結(jié)合的峰均比(PAPR, Peak-to-Average Power Ratio)壓縮優(yōu)化方法。首先,在基于天線子陣列的波束成形方案的基礎(chǔ)上,定義了發(fā)射端單個(gè)PA上的輸入信號(hào)峰均比。然后分別建立了單天線峰值功率和預(yù)處理串?dāng)_約束的峰均比壓縮優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,并推導(dǎo)了所得峰均比壓縮方案的平均PAPR上界。最后,論文給出了求解以上峰均比壓縮問(wèn)題的優(yōu)化算法。所提優(yōu)化算法的核心步驟均涉及求解一類近端優(yōu)化(Proximal Problem)子問(wèn)題,論文通過(guò)驗(yàn)證Karush-Kuhn-Tucker條件,證明了所提算法求解該問(wèn)題的最優(yōu)性。功率削波影響下的仿真結(jié)果表明,和迫零預(yù)編碼方案相比,本文提出的峰均比壓縮方法能夠獲得更優(yōu)的峰均比和誤比特率性能。
[Abstract]:With the popularity of the fourth generation mobile communication system in the global scope, the design of the next generation mobile communication system is facing the reality of scarce spectrum resources of millimeter wave communication. Rely on the related research of rich spectrum resources in the next generation mobile communication system has received wide attention. In recent years, millimeter wave communication technology into a period of rapid development, aiming at some technical problems, researchers have proposed various solutions. In this process, combined with large-scale antenna array beamforming and millimeter wave communication system design framework was constantly reinforced. On this basis, the millimeter wave channel estimation and compression method of PAPR further research in this thesis. The main contributions of this thesis are as follows: according to the millimeter wave communication system with large array antenna beam forming combination, this paper proposes a new Millimeter wave beam domain channel estimation method. Based on ray tracing (Ray-Tracing) model, the millimeter wave channel matrix estimation problem is transformed into a path of emission angle, angle and parameters to the path gain estimation. Then, by using the beam domain two-dimensional multiple signal classification (MUSIC MUltiple, SIgnal Classification) and the least squares method (Least-Squares spatial spectrum) respectively to estimate path angle and the direction of the gain coefficient, given the parameters of millimeter wave channel estimation algorithm. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed scheme are discussed, analyzed the influence of spectrum beamforming for fuzzy effect beam domain two-dimensional MUSIC space, and are given to avoid the spatial spectrum and the effect of fuzzy maximum beam path resolution the number of direction angle forming design of sufficient conditions. The simulation results show that based on the current estimation of millimeter wave channel beam and sparse recovery training In comparison, the MSE of the proposed method has a lower channel. In order to reduce the communication receiver of large-scale antenna array under the hardware cost, this thesis proposes a new method based on low precision (1 bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC), Analog-to-Digital, Converter) of the transmitter channel estimation method not only reduce the quantization precision. To offset the effects of millimeter wave communication bandwidth increase for ADC power consumption, but also to reduce the feedback overhead, but it also challenges the channel estimation problem. To solve this problem, this paper introduces 1 bit quantization based on disturbance (DQ, Dithered Quantization) channel estimation methods, and then proposes 1 bit horizontal sampling based on (LTS, Level-Triggered Sampling) channel estimation method. Finally, focus on the analysis of the asymptotic statistical properties of the proposed method, proved that the 1 bit LTS channel based on Channel estimator is consistent, asymptotically unbiased and asymptotically normal. The simulation results show that the 1 bit DQ and based on the channel estimation method compared to 1 bit LTS channel estimation performance closer to the ideal results under the condition of full precision sampling. Based on above channel estimation method for millimeter wave channel state information (CSI Channel, State Information) provides a viable alternatives. Suppose CSI is known to enhance the transmitter power amplifier (PA, Power, Amplifier) of the energy conversion efficiency, this paper puts forward the combination and beamforming of PAPR (PAPR Peak-to-Average, Power Ratio) compression optimization method. Firstly, based on the antenna beamforming scheme the sub array based on the definition of the input signal emission peak end on a single PA than. And then set up the single antenna peak power and pretreatment with crosstalk constraint of PAPR reduction and optimization problem. Is the PAPR of the average upper bound of the PAPR compression scheme. Finally, the paper gives the PAPR optimization algorithm to solve the problem. The core compression step optimization algorithm involves solving a class of optimization of the proximal (Proximal Problem) sub problems, through the verification of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions, proved the optimality of the proposed algorithm to solve this problem. Under the influence of wave power cutting simulation results show that compared with the zero forcing pre encoding scheme, the proposed PAPR compression method can obtain better PAPR and BER performance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN928

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