本文選題：模式分集復用　切入點：解復用　出處：《吉林大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在全球數據流量爆發(fā)式增長的背景下,單模光纖通信系統(tǒng)容量已越來越接近其非線性香農極限。作為突破單模光纖容量極限的一種新的擴容技術,模式分集復用技術通過挖掘模式這一新的自由度可以成倍提升光纖通信系統(tǒng)容量。然而,在實際的基于少模光纖的模分復用系統(tǒng)中,模式耦合以及差分模式群時延等損傷會嚴重劣化模分復用系統(tǒng)的傳輸性能、限制模分復用系統(tǒng)的傳輸距離。在模式耦合和差分模式群時延的共同作用下,信號在模分復用系統(tǒng)中的傳輸過程要比單模光纖系統(tǒng)更為復雜:系統(tǒng)每路輸出信號都是多路輸入信號與信道沖激響應線性卷積的疊加。因此,如何有效補償模式耦合和差分模式群時延等損傷,解決多信道卷積性混合問題,實現輸出信號解復用是模分復用系統(tǒng)的關鍵問題。本文緊緊圍繞模分復用系統(tǒng)中的模式解復用問題,在深入分析模式傳輸特性、不同損傷產生機制以及損傷對信號作用機理的基礎上,依據矩陣傳輸理論推導了模分復用系統(tǒng)的傳輸模型,并據此引入多模盲均衡、多通道盲解卷積等無需數據輔助的盲信號處理技術來補償模分復用系統(tǒng)中的各種損傷,消除模式信號的卷積性混合,最終實現解復用。本文的主要工作和創(chuàng)新點具體包括以下三個方面:1.針對常用的盲均衡類解復用算法在高階調制格式時穩(wěn)態(tài)剩余誤差較大等問題,提出基于時域多模盲均衡的模式解復用算法。通過對單輸入單輸出多模盲均衡算法的擴展,構造出適用于模分復用系統(tǒng)的多輸入多輸出多模盲均衡算法。并通過搭建的模分復用仿真系統(tǒng)分別驗證時域多模盲均衡算法對于低階調制格式和高階調制格式的解復用性能。結果表明:多模盲均衡算法在調制格式為4QAM、16QAM和64QAM時均能有效實現解復用,且數字信號處理模塊中無需加入載波相位恢復算法。此外,針對時域多模盲均衡算法用于長距離模分復用系統(tǒng)時計算復雜度過高的問題,提出多模盲均衡算法的頻域實現算法,即頻域多模盲均衡算法。為滿足輸入信號的二倍過采樣和分塊自適應構建出包含奇偶子濾波器的蝶形均衡器;并利用快速傅里葉變換將時域多模盲均衡算法擴展到頻域;推導出頻域多模盲均衡算法具體的梯度更新規(guī)則。結果表明:頻域多模盲均衡算法在保留時域算法解復用性能的基礎上,計算復雜度大幅降低,與常用頻域最小均方算法的復雜度位于同一個量級。2.針對模分復用系統(tǒng)特殊的信道傳輸特性,提出基于多通道盲解卷積的模式解復用算法,直接在時域對卷積性混合的輸出信號進行盲分離。首先對卷積性混合的輸出信號進行時延向量擴展,將復雜的卷積性混合問題轉化為相對簡單的瞬時混合問題,然后通過成熟高效的獨立成分分析算法實現模式信號的分離。結果表明:在低階調制格式時,多通道盲解卷積算法的解復用性能與常用均衡算法相近,但在高階調制格式時,其性能要優(yōu)于均衡算法。此外,針對時域多通道盲解卷積算法計算復雜度高的問題,提出多通道盲解卷積的頻域實現方法—頻域獨立成分分析算法。算法通過離散短時傅里葉變換將時域內的卷積混合簡化為頻域內的瞬時混合;時頻變換后,利用復值獨立成分分析算法對各頻點頻域分量進行分離,并通過排序算法消除由獨立成分分析處理引起的次序不確定性;最終通過逆短時傅里葉變換恢復出時域估計信號。復雜度分析結果表明:頻域獨立成分分析算法大幅降低了解卷積性混合的復雜度,且表現出對系統(tǒng)模式個數不敏感的優(yōu)勢。但是,當系統(tǒng)差分模式群時延增大到一定程度后,算法復雜度急劇上升。3.針對基于頻域獨立成分分析的模式解復用算法在大差分模式群時延時會出現復雜度陡升的問題,提出改進的連續(xù)收斂的頻域獨立成分分析算法。理論推導了次序不確定性的成因并通過仿真實驗驗證次序不確定性對解復用性能的具體影響。為避免排序算法所帶來的計算負擔,依據相鄰頻點分離矩陣相近這一特性,為各頻點分離矩陣初始化提出一種新的方法。該方法使用較低頻點收斂后的分離矩陣作為下一個較高頻點分離矩陣的初值,以控制下一個相鄰較高頻點分離矩陣的收斂趨向,保證相鄰頻點的瞬時分離系統(tǒng)具有連續(xù)的收斂方向和一致的信號輸出順序,從而避免了次序不確定性,省去了額外的排序算法。復雜度分析結果表明:改進的連續(xù)收斂的頻域獨立成分分析算法的復雜度要優(yōu)于頻域獨立成分分析以及頻域最小均方算法。同時,仿真結果表明:改進的連續(xù)收斂的頻域獨立成分分析算法是一種快速高效的解復用算法,其解復用性能與頻域獨立成分分析和頻域最小均方算法相當,但其收斂速度相對于頻域獨立成分分析算法來說提升54.5%。本文通過對多模盲均衡算法和多通道盲解卷積理論的深入研究,結合模分復用系統(tǒng)自身特殊的信道傳輸特性,提出了適用于模分復用系統(tǒng)解復用的新算法。所提出的算法在提升系統(tǒng)輸出效率、補償相位噪聲、對高階調制格式的適用性特別是計算復雜度等方面較現有算法均具有一定程度的改善,為進一步研究適用于模分復用系統(tǒng)的解復用方法提供參考。
[Abstract]:In the world the explosive growth of data traffic in the background, the capacity of single mode optical fiber communication system has been more and more close to the nonlinear Shannon limit. As a new technical breakthrough capacity of single mode fiber, mode diversity multiplexing technology through mining mode of this new degree of freedom can increase exponentially the capacity of the communication system. However, in the actual based on the few mode fiber mode division multiplexing system, mode coupling and mode differential group delay will damage the transmission performance deterioration of the mode division multiplexing system, transmission distance mode division multiplexing system. The interaction pattern of group delay in mode coupling and difference, signal in the transmission process of parting multiplexing system than single mode fiber system is more complex system: each output signals are multiplexed input signal and the channel impulse response of linear superposition convolution. Therefore, how to effectively compensate The mode coupling mode and differential group delay damage, solve the multi channel convolution of mixed problem, realize the output signal demultiplexing is the key problem in mode division multiplexing system. This paper focus on the mode multiplexing mode division multiplexing system, in-depth analysis of mode of transmission characteristics, different damage mechanism and damage mechanism of signal on the basis of the model according to transmission mode division multiplexing system derived transfer matrix theory, and based on the introduction of multi modulus blind equalization, blind signal processing technology to all kinds of damage to non data aided multichannel blind deconvolution to compensate for mode division multiplexing system, eliminate the convolution mixed mode signal, finally realizes the demultiplexing. The main work and innovation points of this paper include the following three aspects: 1. commonly used for blind equalization solutions multiplexing algorithm in high order modulation format steady residual error and so on This time, the mode of multi modulus blind equalization algorithm based on demultiplexing. By extending the single input and single output and multi modulus blind equalization algorithm, constructed for multi input multi output mode division multiplexing system. Then multi modulus blind equalization algorithm to verify the time domain multi modulus blind equalization algorithm for demultiplexing performance of low order and high order modulation modulation format format. By building the mode multiplexing simulation system the results show that the multi modulus blind equalization algorithm in the modulation format for the 4QAM, can effectively achieve the demultiplexing 16QAM and 64QAM, and the digital signal processing without the addition of carrier phase recovery algorithm module. In addition, according to the time domain multi modulus blind equalization algorithm for long distance mode multiplexing when the computational complexity problem, proposed frequency domain multi modulus blind equalization algorithm algorithm, namely frequency domain multi modulus blind equalization algorithm. In order to meet the two times of the input signal over sampling and self block To construct a butterfly parity equalizer consists of sub filters; and by using the fast Fourier transform of the time domain multi modulus blind equalization algorithm is extended to the frequency domain; gradient derived frequency domain multi modulus blind equalization algorithm specific update rules. The results show that the multimode frequency domain blind equalization algorithm based on time domain algorithm retains the demultiplexing performance, computational complexity greatly reduced with the commonly used frequency domain, LMS algorithm complexity in the same order of magnitude for.2. channel transmission characteristics of mode division multiplexing system the proposed multi-channel blind deconvolution algorithm based on mode demultiplexing, directly in the time domain output signal of convolution mixture for blind source separation. The first output signal of the convolution of mixed delay vector expansion, convolution mixed complex problems into instantaneous mixing problem is relatively simple, and then through the independent component analysis algorithm is mature and efficient The separation mode signal. The results showed that: in the low order modulation format, demultiplexing performance with the common equalization algorithm for multichannel blind deconvolution are similar, but in the high order modulation format, its performance is superior to the balancing algorithm. In addition, the time-domain multi-channel blind deconvolution algorithm has high computational complexity problem. Implementation method of frequency domain independent component analysis algorithm, frequency domain multi-channel blind deconvolution algorithm. Through the discrete short-time Fourier transform the time domain convolution is simplified as the instantaneous mixture in frequency domain; time-frequency transform, using complex independent component analysis algorithm is used to separate the frequency domain components, and through the sorting algorithm to eliminate by independent component analysis caused by the order of uncertainty; finally through inverse Fourier transform to recover time-domain estimation signal. The complexity analysis results show that the frequency domain independent component analysis algorithm Understand the convolution mixture significantly reduced complexity and performance to a number of system mode is not sensitive to the advantage. However, when the system differential group delay increases to a certain extent, the complexity of the algorithm is.3. for a sharp rise in frequency domain independent component analysis model based on the demultiplexing algorithm model group in differential time delay there will be a steep rise in the complexity of the problem, the frequency domain independent component analysis is proposed for continuous convergence of improved algorithm. Theoretical derivation of order uncertainty and verified by simulation experiment order uncertainty on the de multiplexing performance of specific effects. In order to avoid the computational burden sorting algorithm caused by adjacent frequency points according to the separation matrix similar to this for the characteristics of the frequency separation matrix initialization of a new method is put forward. This method uses a separation matrix of initial frequency point after the convergence as a relatively high frequency point of the separation matrix, Convergence with higher frequency point adjacent the separation matrix under the control of a trend, ensure the instantaneous separation system of adjacent frequency with the convergence direction of continuous and consistent signal output in order to avoid the order of uncertainty, without additional complexity. Sorting algorithm analysis results show that the frequency domain independent component analysis of the continuous improvement of convergence the complexity of the algorithm is better than the frequency domain independent component analysis and frequency domain LMS algorithm. At the same time, the simulation results show that the frequency domain independent component analysis algorithm for improved convergence is a fast and efficient solution for complex algorithm, the demultiplexing performance and frequency domain independent component analysis and frequency domain LMS algorithm, but its convergence speed relative to the frequency domain independent component analysis algorithm for 54.5%. based on the deep research on the multi modulus blind equalization algorithm and multi-channel blind deconvolution theory, combination mode Multiplexing system special channel transmission characteristics, proposes a new algorithm for mode division multiplexing demultiplexing system. The proposed algorithm in improving the system output efficiency, phase noise compensation, suitable for high order modulation format especially computing complexity compared with the existing algorithms are improved to a certain extent, provide the reference for the further research of application of demultiplexing method in mode division multiplexing system.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN929.11

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