本文關(guān)鍵詞： 可靠性 抽象語(yǔ)法樹(shù) 插樁 軟件錯(cuò)誤隔離 編程接口建模　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著計(jì)算機(jī)軟件應(yīng)用在越來(lái)越多的關(guān)鍵崗位,軟件運(yùn)行時(shí)的不可靠行為會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的危害。在軟件運(yùn)行時(shí)對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析和監(jiān)控,可以診斷和約束軟件的不可靠行為,消除軟件不可靠性帶來(lái)的危害。對(duì)軟件編譯時(shí)生成的編譯器中間語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行分析和插樁,可以分析和監(jiān)控軟件運(yùn)行時(shí)的行為。因此在軟件運(yùn)行時(shí)如何通過(guò)編譯器中間語(yǔ)言增強(qiáng)軟件的可靠性成為一個(gè)重要的研究問(wèn)題。本文針對(duì)軟件運(yùn)行時(shí)的可靠性進(jìn)行研究,主要研究完全優(yōu)化后的插樁無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確定位語(yǔ)句和表達(dá)式的問(wèn)題、運(yùn)行時(shí)軟件錯(cuò)誤隔離缺乏可移植性問(wèn)題和第三方軟件庫(kù)文檔缺乏解析的問(wèn)題。本文的主要貢獻(xiàn)如下:(1)抽象語(yǔ)法樹(shù)級(jí)別的插樁方法PAST。由于編譯時(shí)完全優(yōu)化的軟件調(diào)試信息并不準(zhǔn)確,因此在軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員對(duì)運(yùn)行時(shí)軟件進(jìn)行分析時(shí),存在著無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確定位帶有語(yǔ)義信息的語(yǔ)句和表達(dá)式的問(wèn)題。PAST利用未優(yōu)化的編譯器中間語(yǔ)言和帶有語(yǔ)義信息的抽象語(yǔ)法樹(shù)之間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,為開(kāi)發(fā)人員提供帶有語(yǔ)義信息的插樁方式,從而解決了在運(yùn)行時(shí)無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確定位語(yǔ)句和表達(dá)式的問(wèn)題。此外,PAST在運(yùn)行時(shí)不僅提供跨平臺(tái)的分析框架,同時(shí)將分析工具在軟件運(yùn)行時(shí)的基本開(kāi)銷(xiāo)降低至可以忽略,這使得PAST可以直接應(yīng)用在產(chǎn)品級(jí)軟件的分析中。(2)基于中間語(yǔ)言的軟件錯(cuò)誤隔離方法WebC。在機(jī)器指令級(jí)別監(jiān)控運(yùn)行時(shí)軟件行為的軟件錯(cuò)誤隔離方法,需要為不同的體系結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)不同的運(yùn)行時(shí)行為約束,這導(dǎo)致軟件錯(cuò)誤隔離方法在不同體系結(jié)構(gòu)之間存在缺乏可移植性的問(wèn)題。WebC利用編譯器中間語(yǔ)言具有操作可移植性的優(yōu)點(diǎn),在編譯器中間語(yǔ)言級(jí)別插入軟件運(yùn)行時(shí)的約束,從而解決了軟件錯(cuò)誤隔離缺乏可移植性的問(wèn)題。此外,WebC不僅可以直接嵌入在瀏覽器中,在運(yùn)行時(shí)WebC安全約束對(duì)軟件性能的影響也并不明顯。(3)基于自然語(yǔ)言處理的編程接口文檔解析。使用自然語(yǔ)言編寫(xiě)的編程接口文檔,無(wú)法解析成包含軟件運(yùn)行時(shí)行為約束的、形式化的規(guī)范。本方法通過(guò)識(shí)別文檔結(jié)構(gòu)、識(shí)別自然語(yǔ)言單詞,解決了自然語(yǔ)言編程接口文檔無(wú)法解析成軟件運(yùn)行時(shí)規(guī)范的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:With the application of computer software in more and more critical positions, the unreliable behavior of software running will cause serious harm. It can diagnose and constrain the unreliable behavior of software, eliminate the harm caused by software unreliability, and analyze and insert the intermediate language of compiler generated when the software is compiled. It is possible to analyze and monitor the behavior of software runtime. Therefore, how to enhance the reliability of software through compiler intermediate language becomes an important research problem. This paper focuses on the reliability of software runtime. Research. This paper mainly studies the problem that the perfectly optimized inserted pile can not accurately locate the statements and expressions. The lack of portability of runtime software error isolation and the lack of parsing of third-party software library documents. The main contributions of this article are as follows: 1). Abstract syntax tree-level piling method pass. Due to the complete optimization of software debugging information at compile time is not accurate. So when software developers analyze runtime software. There is a problem that statements and expressions with semantic information can not be accurately located. Fast uses the unoptimized compiler intermediate language to match the abstract syntax tree with semantic information. The method of inserting posts with semantic information is provided to the developers, which solves the problem that the statements and expressions can not be accurately located at run time. In addition, PAST not only provides a cross-platform analysis framework at run time. At the same time, the basic overhead of the analysis tool is reduced to negligible when the software is running. This allows PAST to be used directly in the analysis of product-level software. An intermediate language-based software error isolation method WebC. a software error isolation method for monitoring runtime software behavior at the machine instruction level. Different runtime behavior constraints need to be designed for different architectures. This leads to the lack of portability of software error isolation methods between different architectures. WebC makes use of compiler intermediate language to have the advantage of operational portability. The constraint of software runtime is inserted at the intermediate language level of compiler, which solves the problem that software error isolation lacks portability. In addition, WebC can not only be embedded directly in browser. At runtime, the impact of WebC security constraints on software performance is not obvious.) programming interface documents based on natural language processing. Programming interface documents written in natural language. This method can not be parsed into a formal specification that contains the behavior constraints of the software runtime. This method recognizes natural language words by recognizing the structure of the document. It solves the problem that the interface document of natural language programming can not be parsed into software runtime specification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP311.53

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