本文關(guān)鍵詞：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)輕量級(jí)IP尋址技術(shù)研究　出處：《南京郵電大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)尋址 IPv6 6LoWPAN IPv6地址配置 邊界網(wǎng)關(guān) 上下文管理

【摘要】：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端包含了人們生活和生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域中的各種物品與設(shè)備,其數(shù)量龐大,種類多樣。如何將任意物品或者設(shè)備按某種編碼方式接入物聯(lián)網(wǎng),如何實(shí)現(xiàn)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中任意物品及設(shè)備的尋址以建立通訊連接,是建設(shè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)必須解決的問題。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)尋址技術(shù)作為物聯(lián)網(wǎng)核心技術(shù)之一,在物品與設(shè)備以特定方式接入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的基礎(chǔ)上,實(shí)現(xiàn)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中任意終端準(zhǔn)確、高效、安全的尋址,對(duì)它的研究和實(shí)踐將從真正意義上構(gòu)建一個(gè)互聯(lián)互通的泛在網(wǎng)絡(luò)。本文以物聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信為應(yīng)用背景,以實(shí)現(xiàn)統(tǒng)一高效的尋址系統(tǒng)為研究目標(biāo),從物聯(lián)網(wǎng)資源尋址模型、終端編碼機(jī)制、組網(wǎng)及路由機(jī)制以及實(shí)現(xiàn)異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的端到端尋址這四個(gè)方面對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)IP尋址技術(shù)展開研究,其主要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新工作如下:(1)針對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端的多樣性及編碼異構(gòu)問題,構(gòu)建了一種物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端資源迭代尋址模型,提出一種物聯(lián)網(wǎng)輕量級(jí)IPv6尋址方法。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端中存在多種物品編碼方式,以及異構(gòu)的感知設(shè)備,控制設(shè)備網(wǎng)絡(luò),造成物聯(lián)網(wǎng)孤島式的應(yīng)用模式。針對(duì)這一問題,本文對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)尋址特性進(jìn)行了研究與分析,構(gòu)建了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端資源迭代尋址模型;同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了基于IPv6的輕量級(jí)編碼尋址機(jī)制,通過定義虛擬域的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于IPv6編碼的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端統(tǒng)一尋址。(2)針對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端地址配置多樣性問題,將感知網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)淠Ｐ突?提出一種物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端IPv6地址配置方法。對(duì)于低功耗有損網(wǎng)絡(luò),IPv6地址的數(shù)量及無狀態(tài)配置機(jī)制滿足了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端數(shù)量龐大和傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的自組織配置需求。針對(duì)這一問題,本文提出一種基于感知網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)淠Ｐ突奈锫?lián)網(wǎng)終端IPv6地址配置方法。該方法將物聯(lián)網(wǎng)典型應(yīng)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)與終端通信需求和IPv6的地址類型相結(jié)合,在現(xiàn)有成熟IPv6地址配置基礎(chǔ)上,給出相應(yīng)基礎(chǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)與混合式網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端地址配置方法。該套機(jī)制切合了輕量級(jí)IPv6數(shù)據(jù)包通信的首部壓縮機(jī)制要求,降低了節(jié)點(diǎn)在地址配置過程中的存儲(chǔ)資源與能量資源消耗,對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)統(tǒng)一輕量級(jí)IP尋址奠定了基礎(chǔ)。(3)針對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端IPv6尋址過程中,首部壓縮機(jī)制中存在的上下文管理問題,提出一種地址前綴自適應(yīng)配置與上下文表動(dòng)態(tài)分發(fā)與同步方法。為解決數(shù)據(jù)包首部壓縮機(jī)制中的上下文管理問題,本文提出一種基于6LoWPAN_IPHC的上下文動(dòng)態(tài)管理機(jī)制。該機(jī)制包含了地址前綴自適應(yīng)配置方法及上下文動(dòng)態(tài)分發(fā)與多源同步方法,其中地址前綴自適應(yīng)配置機(jī)制免除了人工配置的麻煩,適合在低功耗的有損網(wǎng)絡(luò)中運(yùn)行。同時(shí),網(wǎng)關(guān)節(jié)點(diǎn)能夠根據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量計(jì)算出地址前綴使用最為頻繁的主機(jī),將這些主機(jī)的地址前綴優(yōu)先寫入上下文表中,提高了整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的壓縮率。上下文動(dòng)態(tài)分發(fā)與多源同步方法詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)了上下文消息在全網(wǎng)節(jié)點(diǎn)中的更新與同步機(jī)制,并將這一機(jī)制應(yīng)用到擴(kuò)展LoWPAN域中,保證了上下文表在擴(kuò)展域中的一致性。(4)針對(duì)異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間的尋址問題,提出一種基于虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)驅(qū)動(dòng)的邊界網(wǎng)關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)方法,搭建了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)輕量級(jí)IPv6尋址系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了感知網(wǎng)絡(luò)與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的互聯(lián)互通。為實(shí)現(xiàn)無線傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)IPv6主機(jī)的端到端尋址,本文給出了無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的輕量級(jí)IP尋址方法,提出一種基于虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)驅(qū)動(dòng)的6LoWPAN邊界網(wǎng)關(guān)的設(shè)計(jì)方法。通過一臺(tái)PC機(jī)與6Lo WPAN適配器相連接的方式,將6LoWPAN適配層功能封裝在PC機(jī)上的虛擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)適配驅(qū)動(dòng)中,降低了修改PC機(jī)內(nèi)核的復(fù)雜度,同時(shí)避免了網(wǎng)關(guān)處的協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換,保證了異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間的通信質(zhì)量,實(shí)現(xiàn)了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)輕量級(jí)IP尋址系統(tǒng)。結(jié)合以上四項(xiàng)主要研究?jī)?nèi)容,本文從模型構(gòu)建、關(guān)鍵技術(shù)以及系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)等角度對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)輕量級(jí)IP尋址機(jī)制進(jìn)行了探索與研究。本文所提出的基于IPv6的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)終端編碼及尋址機(jī)制在保證高效,可靠的資源獲取基礎(chǔ)上,不僅降低了節(jié)點(diǎn)地址配置過程中的存儲(chǔ)資源與能量資源消耗,提高了數(shù)據(jù)包在尋址過程中的壓縮率,同時(shí)避免了網(wǎng)關(guān)處的協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換,降低了網(wǎng)關(guān)實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜度。所實(shí)現(xiàn)的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)輕量級(jí)IP尋址系統(tǒng)能夠與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)尋址進(jìn)行無縫對(duì)接,對(duì)以實(shí)現(xiàn)互聯(lián)互通為目標(biāo)的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)建設(shè)具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The Internet of things (IOT) terminal contains a variety of goods and equipment in the life and production fields, with a large number and variety. How to connect any items or devices to the Internet of things in a certain way, how to address the objects and devices in the Internet of things and establish communication links is the problem that we must solve in Building Internet of things. Addressing networking technology as the core technology of the Internet of things based on goods and equipment access in a specific way on the Internet, to achieve arbitrary terminal addressing in the Internet of things is accurate, efficient and safe, the research and practice of it will build an interconnection from the true sense of the ubiquitous network. In this paper, networking communication as the application background, addressing system to achieve a unified and efficient as the research object, from the network model of the resource addressing, terminal encoding mechanism, networking and routing mechanism and realize end-to-end addressing of heterogeneous networks in the four aspects of networking IP addressing technology research, the main innovations are as follows: (1) for networking terminal diversity and heterogeneous encoding problem, constructs a networking terminal resource addressing model presents an iterative, networking lightweight IPv6 addressing method. In the Internet of things, there are many kinds of articles encoding methods, and the heterogeneous sensing devices, control the network of equipment, and cause the application mode of the islet in the Internet of things. To solve this problem, the networking addressing characteristics are studied and analyzed, the construction of Internet terminal resources addressing and design iterative model; lightweight encoding addressing mechanism based on IPv6, through the definition of the virtual domain to achieve the IPv6 encoding based on the networking terminal unified addressing. (2) in view of the diversity of the terminal address configuration of the Internet of things, the topology of the perceptive network is modeled, and a IPv6 address configuration method for the terminal of the Internet of things is proposed. For the low power lossy network, the number of IPv6 addresses and stateless configuration mechanism satisfy the large number of terminals in the Internet of things and the self-organizing configuration requirements of sensor networks. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a IPv6 address configuration method based on the topology modeling of the network topology. This method combines the typical application network architecture of the Internet of things with the terminal communication needs and the address types of IPv6. Based on the existing mature IPv6 address configuration, it gives the terminal network address configuration method of the corresponding network infrastructure and hybrid network architecture. This set of mechanisms fits the first compression mechanism of lightweight IPv6 packet communication, which reduces the storage resources and energy consumption of nodes in the address configuration process, and lays the foundation for the implementation of unified lightweight IP addressing in Internet of things. (3) in view of the context management problem in the first compression mechanism for IPv6 addressing process of IOT terminals, a method of address prefix adaptive configuration and dynamic distribution and synchronization of context tables is proposed. In order to solve the problem of context management in packet header compression mechanism, a context dynamic management mechanism based on 6LoWPAN_IPHC is proposed in this paper. The mechanism includes address prefix adaptive configuration method, context dynamic distribution and multi-source synchronization. Address prefix adaptive allocation mechanism eliminates the trouble of manual configuration, and is suitable for low-power lossy network operation. Meanwhile, gateway nodes can calculate the most frequently used hosts with address prefix based on network traffic, and prefix these hosts to the context table first, which improves the compression ratio of the whole network. The context dynamic distribution and multi-source synchronization method are designed in detail, and the update and synchronization mechanism of context message in the whole network node is designed. The mechanism is applied to the extended LoWPAN domain, which ensures the consistency of the context table in the extended domain. (4) aiming at addressing problem between heterogeneous networks, a design method of border gateway based on virtual network drive is proposed. A lightweight IPv6 addressing system of IOT is built, which realizes the interconnection and interconnection between perceptive network and Internet. In order to achieve the end to end addressing of wireless sensor nodes and Internet IPv6 hosts, this paper presents a lightweight IP addressing method for wireless sensor networks and the Internet, and proposes a design method of 6LoWPAN border gateway based on virtual network drive. Connected by a PC machine with 6Lo WPAN adapter, 6LoWPAN adapter layer function encapsulation on PC virtual network adapter driver, reduce the complexity of modify the PC kernel, while avoiding the gateway protocol conversion, to ensure the quality of communication between heterogeneous networks, realized the networking of lightweight IP addressing system. Combined with the above four main research contents, this paper explores and researches lightweight IP addressing mechanism from the perspective of model building, key technologies and system implementation. The proposed IPv6 based networking terminal encoding and addressing mechanism to ensure efficient and reliable access to resources on the basis, not only reduces the storage resources and energy resources consumption in the process of node address configuration, improves the compression ratio in the process of addressing the data packets in the same time to avoid the gateway protocol conversion, reduce the gateway implementation complexity. The implementation of IOT lightweight IP addressing system can seamlessly connect with internet addressing, and is of great significance for the construction of Internet of things, which aims to achieve interoperability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5;TP391.44

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本文編號(hào)：1341221