【摘要】：在全球范圍內(nèi)日益嚴(yán)重的吸販毒背景下,我國的毒品問題不容小覷。對吸毒人員的戒毒矯治是禁毒工作的重要環(huán)節(jié),我國現(xiàn)行的戒毒體系存在著戒毒理念落后、戒斷效果不佳、實施不到位、標(biāo)簽化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重等問題。筆者通過反思現(xiàn)狀,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)實中所了解到的戒毒工作的實際,探討建立吸毒人員的社區(qū)矯治模式。我國有著完善的社區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò),加之社區(qū)戒毒基礎(chǔ)地位的確立,這一構(gòu)想具備了現(xiàn)實和法律的雙重基礎(chǔ)。在實施上,國外的先進(jìn)理念和管理方法大有借鑒之處,社區(qū)矯正的工作經(jīng)驗也在不斷增加,這些都為社區(qū)矯治模式的構(gòu)建提供了可能。文章主要采用的研究方法有:第一,文獻(xiàn)法。了解國內(nèi)外矯治模式的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,重點分析我國現(xiàn)行模式存在的缺陷,借鑒國外先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗,并進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)。第二,案例研究法。鑒于時間限制,無法實地走訪調(diào)查,只得通過對現(xiàn)有資料的整理歸納,尋找相關(guān)案例,仔細(xì)研讀,從中發(fā)現(xiàn)一般規(guī)律,得出結(jié)論。第三,比較分析法。從國內(nèi)外對吸毒人員矯治問題采取的措施上,比較分析我國與外國在模式上的不同和側(cè)重點以及不同的原因,借鑒國外比較成熟、先進(jìn)的矯治模式,對我國的規(guī)定提出新意見,進(jìn)一步完善現(xiàn)行的模式。矯治應(yīng)該分為生理脫毒和心理脫毒兩個方面,缺一不可,后者其實更加重要。本文通過分析我國吸毒人員和現(xiàn)行戒毒模式,反思實踐中強(qiáng)制隔離戒毒主導(dǎo)模式下存在的問題。據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計,從強(qiáng)制戒毒所返回社會的吸毒人員有著較高的復(fù)吸率,這是因為他們的脫毒過程僅僅完成了一半,心理上的歸屬感以及回歸社會后的適應(yīng)能力再無人過問了。因此,筆者認(rèn)為我們不應(yīng)該給吸毒人員貼上"越軌者"的標(biāo)簽,應(yīng)當(dāng)將他們置于社區(qū)環(huán)境內(nèi)進(jìn)行矯治,更有利于他們轉(zhuǎn)變心理、徹底脫毒。社區(qū)矯治模式符合現(xiàn)行戒毒體系所要傳達(dá)的理念,將吸毒人員視為需要挽救的對象,也有利于消除社會歧視,更能幫助他們早日回歸社會。
[Abstract]:In the context of the increasingly serious drug absorption and drug trafficking in the world, the drug problem in China should not be underestimated. Detoxification and treatment of drug addicts is an important link in drug control work. The current detoxification system of our country has some problems such as backward concept of detoxification, poor effect of abstinence, inadequate implementation, serious labelling phenomenon and so on. By reflecting on the present situation and combining with the actual situation of drug abstinence, the author discusses the establishment of community correction model for drug addicts. China has a perfect community network and the establishment of the basic status of community detoxification, which has the dual foundation of reality and law. In practice, the advanced concepts and management methods of foreign countries have a lot of reference, and the working experience of community correction is also increasing, which provides the possibility for the construction of community correction model. The main research methods adopted in this paper are as follows: first, literature method. To understand the current situation of the application of the correction mode at home and abroad, to analyze the defects of the current mode in China, to draw lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries, and to sum up and summarize it. Second, case study. In view of the time limit, it is impossible to visit and investigate on the spot, so we can only find out the general law and draw a conclusion by arranging and summarizing the existing materials, searching for the relevant cases, and carefully studying them. Third, comparative analysis. Based on the measures taken at home and abroad to correct drug addicts, this paper compares and analyzes the differences and emphases between our country and foreign countries in the mode and the different reasons, draws lessons from the more mature and advanced treatment models of foreign countries, and puts forward new opinions on the regulations of our country. Further improve the current model. Correction should be divided into physiological detoxification and psychological detoxification, the latter is more important. Based on the analysis of drug addicts and the current detoxification mode in China, this paper reflects on the problems existing in the dominant pattern of compulsory isolation detoxification in practice. According to incomplete statistics, drug addicts returning from compulsory drug treatment centers have a high relapse rate, which is because they are only half finished in the process of detoxification, and their psychological sense of belonging and their ability to adapt after returning to society are no longer questioned. Therefore, the author believes that we should not label drug addicts as "deviant", should put them in the community environment to correct, more conducive to their psychological transformation, thoroughly detoxification. The community correction model accords with the idea that the current detoxification system should convey. It is also helpful to eliminate social discrimination and help them to return to society as soon as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D926.8

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