本文選題：馬克思 + 平等觀　； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：進入階級社會以來,平等一直是人們的追求。從此種意義上說,整個人類社會的文明史,可以說是一部不斷認識平等、追求平等并逐漸實現(xiàn)平等的歷史�？v觀思想史,人們關(guān)于平等的思想可謂眾說紛紜。馬克思第一次將自己的平等觀置于科學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)之上,實現(xiàn)了對以往一切平等觀的揚棄和超越。馬克思的平等觀以唯物史觀和辯證法為哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ),從歷史的、階級的角度進行把握,科學(xué)地闡釋了平等的歷史發(fā)展。在馬克思看來,平等是一個具體的、歷史的范疇,它的實現(xiàn)程度受具體的生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展水平制約。馬克思深入批判了資產(chǎn)階級的平等觀,準確全面地表達了無產(chǎn)階級的平等觀要求,指出無產(chǎn)階級的平等觀就是要消滅階級和階級差別。馬克思把平等問題與無產(chǎn)階級運動結(jié)合起來,論證了建立自由人的聯(lián)合體是通往平等的現(xiàn)實路徑,認為只有進入共產(chǎn)主義,實現(xiàn)人的自由全面發(fā)展,才有可能實現(xiàn)真正的平等。馬克思平等觀是實踐性、階級性和辯證性相統(tǒng)一的平等觀,它不僅對無產(chǎn)階級解放運動具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義,也對當代中國實踐社會主義平等具有重要的理論價值和實踐價值。本文除“引言”外,由以下三章有機構(gòu)成:第一章主要論述馬克思平等觀的理論淵源與哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。本章一方面是追本溯源、梳理了馬克思平等觀的主要理論來源,認為馬克思的平等觀來自對近代資產(chǎn)階級的平等思想和空想社會主義的平等思想的批判與繼承。本章另一方面是探討馬克思平等觀的哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ),認為馬克思是基于唯物史觀和辯證法的哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ),才實現(xiàn)了對以往哲學(xué)家平等思想的歷史性變革與超越。第二章主要論述馬克思平等觀的主要內(nèi)容與基本特征,它是整篇論文的理論基底與支撐。首先,本章論述了馬克思平等觀的主要內(nèi)容,包括馬克思對平等范疇的理解、無產(chǎn)階級平等觀的基本要求及其實現(xiàn)途徑、實現(xiàn)過程等。其次,本章探討了馬克思平等觀的基本特征,即實踐性、階級性和辯證性。正是有了這樣的基本特征,才使得馬克思的平等觀實現(xiàn)了對以往平等觀的超越,使它成為科學(xué)的平等理論,并具備了實現(xiàn)的可能性。本文第三章從理論和現(xiàn)實的雙重維度,論述馬克思平等觀對當代中國的重要價值。本章分析了如何運用馬克思平等觀辯證看待目前我國在推進社會主義平等建設(shè)中面臨的問題現(xiàn)象,并探討了馬克思平等觀對當前我國推進社會主義平等的實踐價值,以起總結(jié)全文、升華主題的作用。
[Abstract]:Since entering class society, equality has always been the pursuit of people. From then on, the civilization history of the whole human society can be said to be a history of recognizing equality, pursuing equality and gradually realizing equality. Throughout the history of thought, people's ideas on equality can be said to be divided. Marx, for the first time, put his view of equality on the basis of science and realized the sublation and transcendence of all previous views of equality. Marx's concept of equality is based on historical materialism and dialectics, and scientifically explains the historical development of equality from the perspective of history and class. In Marx's view, equality is a specific, historical category, and its realization is restricted by the specific level of productivity development. Marx deeply criticized the bourgeoisie's concept of equality, accurately and comprehensively expressed the proletariat's demand for equality, and pointed out that the proletarian's concept of equality was to eliminate class and class differences. Marx combined the issue of equality with the proletarian movement and demonstrated that the establishment of the association of free people is the realistic path to equality. He believes that only by entering communism and realizing the free and all-round development of human beings can real equality be realized. Marx's view of equality is a unity of practicality, class and dialectics. It is not only of great guiding significance to the proletarian liberation movement, but also of great theoretical and practical value to the practice of socialist equality in contemporary China. In addition to the introduction, this paper consists of the following three chapters: the first chapter mainly discusses the theoretical origin and philosophical basis of Marx's view of equality. On the one hand, this chapter traces the source, combing the main theoretical sources of Marx's concept of equality, and holds that Marx's concept of equality comes from the criticism and inheritance of the equality thought of the modern bourgeoisie and utopian socialism. On the other hand, this chapter discusses the philosophical basis of Marx's concept of equality, and holds that Marx is based on the historical materialism and dialectics, and realizes the historical transformation and transcendence of the thought of equality of philosophers in the past. The second chapter mainly discusses the main contents and basic characteristics of Marx's view of equality, which is the theoretical basis and support of the whole paper. First of all, this chapter discusses the main contents of Marx's concept of equality, including Marx's understanding of the category of equality, the basic requirements of the concept of proletarian equality and its realization approach, the process of realization, etc. Secondly, this chapter discusses the basic characteristics of Marx's view of equality, that is, practicality, class and dialectics. It is with such basic characteristics that Marx's concept of equality transcends the previous one, and makes it a scientific theory of equality with the possibility of realization. The third chapter discusses the important value of Marx's view of equality to contemporary China from the dual dimensions of theory and reality. This chapter analyzes how to apply Marx's view of equality dialectically to the problems that our country faces in promoting the construction of socialist equality, and probes into the practical value of Marx's view of equality in promoting socialist equality in our country at present. In order to summarize the full text, sublimation of the role of the theme.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：A81;D61

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