本文選題：腐敗問題 + 腐敗現(xiàn)象　； 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：腐敗問題一直是影響我國發(fā)展的一個主要因素，特別改革開放以來隨著經(jīng)濟的大跨步發(fā)展，腐敗問題也愈演愈烈，出現(xiàn)了許多新的發(fā)展態(tài)勢，譬如貪污腐敗群體的年輕化、小金庫現(xiàn)象等問題。近幾年來，隨著房地產(chǎn)等熱門行業(yè)的火熱，腐敗的魔爪也伸向建設(shè)領(lǐng)域。雖然我黨自執(zhí)政以來，一直主抓反腐倡廉建設(shè)，也出臺了各種加強黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)的政令，但是腐敗現(xiàn)象并沒有得到有效的遏制，反而出現(xiàn)了反彈的現(xiàn)象。腐敗問題也成了我黨密切聯(lián)系群眾的主要瓶頸。為了鞏固我黨的執(zhí)政地位，從鄧小平執(zhí)政期間一直到今天習(xí)近平執(zhí)政期間我黨在治理腐敗問題方面都提出許多建設(shè)性的方針政策。 雖然我黨在治理腐敗問題方面下足了功夫，但是腐敗問題還是如此猖獗地發(fā)展，究其原因我個人認為主要有以下幾個方面：首先，改革開放后，我國確立了社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制，經(jīng)濟在一定程度上迅速發(fā)展，但是因為政治體制改革滯后于經(jīng)濟體制改革，行政權(quán)力過度介入市場經(jīng)濟，市場在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)作用沒有得到很好的發(fā)揮。行政權(quán)力的介入，助長了亂收費、亂罰款等現(xiàn)象，造成大量違法行政，腐敗問題滋生。此外，中國正處于經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型時期，并沒有形成一套完整社會主義市場經(jīng)濟發(fā)展所需的管理、監(jiān)督機制，也給權(quán)錢交易等腐敗行為提供可乘之機。同時市場經(jīng)濟本身存在負效應(yīng)，許多人在利益的驅(qū)使下不擇手段，人生觀價值觀受到?jīng)_擊，拜金主義，享樂主義、極端個人主義等侵蝕著人們的思想，腐敗問題也越來越嚴重。其次，由于我黨內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)存在一定的問題，無論是黨的思想作風(fēng)抑或是黨的組織建設(shè)都或多或少的存在一些漏洞，而正是這些漏洞給一些不法分子提供了“方便”，滋生了黨內(nèi)腐敗，削弱了我黨的執(zhí)政能力，黨的群眾基礎(chǔ)也受到了動搖。再次，我國外部監(jiān)督機制在功能上是存在缺陷的。監(jiān)督機制不具有獨立性，受到來自各個行政部門的制約，在權(quán)力行使方面大打折扣。監(jiān)督權(quán)缺乏強有力的保障，無法開展權(quán)力的監(jiān)督。同時監(jiān)督的滯后性，單一性，重事前，事中監(jiān)督，而忽視了事后的反思總結(jié)和跟蹤，使得許多腐敗現(xiàn)象存在著復(fù)發(fā)性不確定性以及往復(fù)性。雖然我們在監(jiān)督時采取很多的途徑但是多種多樣的監(jiān)督，使得難以形成合力，這既降低了監(jiān)督的行政權(quán)力，也給權(quán)力的腐敗可乘之機。最后，法律建設(shè)缺失也導(dǎo)致了腐敗現(xiàn)象滋生。監(jiān)督機制作為一個科學(xué)的體系，必須以法律法規(guī)作為強有力的支撐，失去法律支持的監(jiān)督的權(quán)威性不僅降低，失去了威信，而且法律的缺失還使得腐敗現(xiàn)象不斷出現(xiàn)新形式。近年來，雖然上到中央下至地方制定了許多有關(guān)監(jiān)督方面的政策和法規(guī)，但是在政策的實施方面存在一些問題，，諸如：法規(guī)、制度上的滯后性、單一性；從一些具體制度規(guī)定上的抽象性和執(zhí)行標準上的靈活性，削弱了本身的權(quán)威性；監(jiān)督責(zé)任的不明確性，使得在監(jiān)督過程中存在強有力的支持，同時也缺乏應(yīng)有的力度等。 改革開放以來，快速變化的國際局面，特別是經(jīng)濟全球化背景下我國的發(fā)展受到了很大的沖擊，同時也使我黨的執(zhí)政地位受到前所未有的考驗與挑戰(zhàn)。腐敗問題如果得不到徹底解決，會嚴重影響我國的現(xiàn)代化進程，同時我黨的執(zhí)政地位也會因為腐敗喪失。在同腐敗問題作斗爭的過程中，我國歷經(jīng)“運動反腐”、“權(quán)力反腐”、“制度反腐”等階段，也取得了一些階段性的進展，可是反腐道路是一條任重道遠的路，我們不能間斷這項工作，我國每年年初都要召開全國性會議部署安排新一年的反腐策略，這是反腐工作的一個標桿，在證明國家對這項工作的重視程度。反腐工作可不是單單查辦幾件大案，在媒體上大肆宣傳一下就能治理的簡單工作，而是需要在“立黨為公、執(zhí)政為民”的施政綱領(lǐng)下，號召全國人民共同努力、共同協(xié)作的任務(wù)，只有讓人民群眾真正感受到政府對反腐工作的決心和努力，反腐斗爭才可以開展成為一種新的局面被人民群眾所接受和支持。 幾十年來黨和廣大人民為反腐工作進行了不懈地努力和奮斗，面對腐敗現(xiàn)象的嚴重性和種種危害，我們必須保持清醒的頭腦和反腐斗爭的緊迫感，對于腐敗問題我們既要看到它的嚴重性，又要樹立同腐敗現(xiàn)象作堅決斗爭的決心，反對腐敗，警鐘始終要長鳴。我們只有不斷的總結(jié)、積累和研究反腐敗的理論、思想、經(jīng)驗、教訓(xùn)和反腐敗的方式，才能更好地遏制腐敗問題，鏟除腐敗滋生和蔓延的土壤，腐敗問題才能最終得到標本兼治結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Corruption has always been a major factor affecting the development of our country. Since the reform and opening up of the economy, the problem of corruption has become more and more intense, and many new developments have emerged, such as the youth of corruption and corruption, the phenomenon of small vault, and so on. In recent years, with the hot and corrupt industries such as real estate, corruption is corrupt. Since the party has been in power, since the party has been in charge of the construction of anti-corruption and clean government, it has also issued various political orders to strengthen the building of a clean and clean government, but the phenomenon of corruption has not been effectively contained, but has emerged as a rebound phenomenon. The corruption has also become the main bottleneck of our party closely connecting the masses. The party's ruling position, from the period of Deng Xiaoping's ruling to today's Xi Jinping administration, our party has put forward many constructive policies and policies in dealing with the problem of corruption.
Although our party has made great efforts in tackling the problem of corruption, the problem of corruption is so rampant. I personally think that the main reasons are as follows: first, after the reform and opening up, our country established the socialist market economy system, the economy developed rapidly in a certain range, but the political system reform was stagnant. After the reform of the economic system and the excessive involvement of the administrative power in the market economy, the basic role of the market in the allocation of resources has not been played well. The intervention of the administrative power has contributed to the phenomenon of random fees and fine fines, resulting in a large number of illegal administrative and corruption problems. In addition, China is in the period of economic transformation, and has not formed a complete set of completion. The management and supervision mechanism required for the development of the whole socialist market economy also provide a opportunity for corruption and other corrupt practices. At the same time, there are negative effects in the market economy itself. Many people are driven by the interest, the values of life outlook are impacted, money worship, hedonism and extreme individualism have eroded people's ideas. The problem of corruption is becoming more and more serious. Secondly, because there are some problems in our party's internal structure, whether it is the party's ideological style or the party's organization construction, there are more or less loopholes, and it is these loopholes that provide "convenience" to some lawless elements, which have nourished the corruption in the party and weakened the party's ability to govern. The mass basis has also been shaken. Again, the supervisory mechanism of my foreign ministry is defective in its function. The supervision mechanism is not independent, is restricted by various administrative departments, and is discounted in the exercise of power. The power of supervision is not strong enough to carry out the supervision of power. Meanwhile, the lag, singleness and heavy supervision of the supervision are not carried out at the same time. In advance, we oversee and ignore the summary and tracking of reflection after the event, which makes many corruptions have recurrent uncertainty and reciprocation. Although we take a lot of ways to supervise the corruption, many kinds of supervision make it difficult to form a joint force, which not only reduces the administrative power of supervision, but also causes the corruption of power to be multipled. In the end, the lack of legal construction has also led to the emergence of corruption. As a scientific system, the supervision mechanism must be supported by laws and regulations. The authority of supervision without legal support is not only reduced and prestige, but the lack of law has also brought about new forms of corruption. In recent years, though A number of policies and regulations have been formulated in the middle of the Central Committee, but there are some problems in the implementation of the policy, such as the laws and regulations, the lags of the system, the singleness, the abstraction of the specific regulations and the flexibility in the implementation standards, which weaken the authority of its own; the oversight responsibility is not clear. In the process of supervision, there is strong support and lack of due strength.
Since the reform and opening up, the rapid change in the international situation, especially in the context of economic globalization, has been greatly impacted. At the same time, the ruling status of our party has been challenged and challenged. If the problem of corruption is not completely solved, it will seriously affect our country's modernization process and the ruling status of our party. It is also due to the loss of corruption. In the course of the struggle against corruption, China has also made some stages of progress in the stages of "campaign against corruption", "anti corruption" and "system anti-corruption". But the road of anti-corruption is a long way to go, we can not break this work, our country will hold a national meeting at the beginning of the year. It is a benchmark for the anti-corruption work to be deployed in the new year, which proves the importance of the country's attention to the work. The anti corruption work is not only a simple task of investigating a few big cases, but the simple work that can be harnessing in the media, but the need to call the whole of "the party for the public and the government for the people". The task of joint efforts by the people of the Chinese people is to make the people truly feel the government's determination and efforts for the anti corruption work, and the fight against corruption can be carried out to become a new situation and be accepted and supported by the people.
For decades, the party and the people have made unremitting efforts and struggles for the anti corruption work. In the face of the seriousness and dangers of corruption, we must maintain a sober mind and a sense of urgency in the fight against corruption. For corruption, we should not only see its seriousness, but also set up a determination to fight corruption with corruption and oppose corruption. Only by constantly summarizing, accumulating and studying the theories, ideas, experiences, lessons and anti corruption ways, can we better curb corruption and eradicate the soil of corruption and spread, so that the problem of corruption can eventually get the results of both specimen and treatment.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D262.6

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