本文選題：借名合同 + 借名買(mǎi)房�。� 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：房屋是公民日常生活中最基本的生活資料,房地產(chǎn)業(yè)也成為了影響經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要因素。隨著我國(guó)民事法律的逐漸完善,其在房屋買(mǎi)賣(mài)法律行為上也制定了許多具體的法律制度和規(guī)定。從整個(gè)買(mǎi)房行為來(lái)看,其會(huì)涉及很多民事法律關(guān)系以及法律事實(shí)。從房屋買(mǎi)賣(mài)合同簽訂到合同的履行,以及房屋登記等,都會(huì)因?yàn)樯鐣?huì)實(shí)踐的多樣性而顯示出一些法律漏洞。借名買(mǎi)房合同是在特殊的社會(huì)背景下產(chǎn)生的法律問(wèn)題,對(duì)其產(chǎn)生原因和解決對(duì)策的探討首先要在相關(guān)的法律制度內(nèi)出發(fā),并考慮到國(guó)家的一些經(jīng)濟(jì)政策,以此探尋立法者對(duì)此所秉持的立法精神。借名合同是無(wú)名合同,其與信托、委托合同、虛假意思表示等概念既有相似之處又略有不同,在分析借名買(mǎi)房合同涉及到的問(wèn)題時(shí),一方面要考察上述類似行為的具體法律適用情況,另一方面也要體現(xiàn)借名買(mǎi)房合同中相關(guān)問(wèn)題解決方式的獨(dú)特之處。借名買(mǎi)房合同往往走在法律的邊緣,對(duì)其效力問(wèn)題以及性質(zhì)的認(rèn)定都存在很大的爭(zhēng)議。不同的主體往往對(duì)此有不同的判斷,因此也導(dǎo)致很多法院對(duì)此問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)了不同的裁判。但依據(jù)合同法意思自治的原則,只要當(dāng)事人意思表示自由、準(zhǔn)確以及完整,都應(yīng)認(rèn)定是有效的,除非有惡意串通損害他人合法權(quán)益、違反法律、行政法規(guī)的強(qiáng)制性規(guī)定等合同無(wú)效的情形,否則都應(yīng)直接認(rèn)定該借名買(mǎi)房合同有效。而對(duì)于各地出臺(tái)的限購(gòu)令以及對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房等的規(guī)定,其對(duì)合同效力的影響則應(yīng)當(dāng)理性看待。依據(jù)《中華人民共和國(guó)合同法》的相關(guān)規(guī)定,國(guó)家出臺(tái)的相關(guān)政策以及部門(mén)規(guī)章、地方性法規(guī)是不宜作為合同效力認(rèn)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的,因此,對(duì)借名買(mǎi)房合同效力的認(rèn)定一般應(yīng)從現(xiàn)有法律、行政法規(guī)的內(nèi)容出發(fā),再考慮該借名買(mǎi)房合同是否因違背國(guó)家相關(guān)政策規(guī)定而損害國(guó)家利益和社會(huì)公共利益,亦或是惡意串通損害他人利益等合同無(wú)效的情形。除了對(duì)借名人和出名人內(nèi)部的借名協(xié)議效力作認(rèn)定外,借名買(mǎi)房這一行為還涉及到對(duì)外部法律行為即房屋買(mǎi)賣(mài)合同和出名人處分所涉房屋等行為效力的界定。關(guān)于房屋買(mǎi)賣(mài)合同效力的認(rèn)定,一般從合同法中意思自治的角度出發(fā),若符合合同成立的形式要件,一般認(rèn)定為有效,若其具有惡意串通損害他人利益、違反公序良俗以及意思表示不真實(shí)等無(wú)效或者可撤銷(xiāo)的情形,則應(yīng)具體分析每種情形下該房屋買(mǎi)房合同的效力狀態(tài)。關(guān)于出名人處分房屋的效力問(wèn)題,一般從善意取得的角度出發(fā),考察第三人的主觀狀態(tài)以此來(lái)作出效力認(rèn)定,若符合善意取得的成立條件,則出名人的處分行為即使為無(wú)權(quán)處分,第三人也可能取得該房屋的所有權(quán)。借名買(mǎi)房合同除了對(duì)其效力作出認(rèn)定,實(shí)踐中更為重要的是對(duì)房產(chǎn)的歸屬作出確認(rèn),而這又與《中華人民共和國(guó)物權(quán)法》里面的物權(quán)登記制度相關(guān)聯(lián)。我國(guó)物權(quán)法規(guī)定了不動(dòng)產(chǎn)的登記制度,并明確了不動(dòng)產(chǎn)登記的公示公信力和推定效力,此即表明不動(dòng)產(chǎn)登記薄上記載的權(quán)利人在法律上享有推定權(quán)利,但在借名買(mǎi)房合同中,實(shí)際購(gòu)買(mǎi)人為借名人,登記名義人并未實(shí)際出資,在事實(shí)上享有的房屋產(chǎn)權(quán)的應(yīng)是借名人。此即涉及到物權(quán)中事實(shí)物權(quán)和法律物權(quán)的關(guān)系。從借名買(mǎi)房合同中來(lái)看,借名人一般為事實(shí)物權(quán)人,出名人為法律物權(quán)人。因此,在判定借名買(mǎi)房合同中房屋物權(quán)歸屬問(wèn)題時(shí),應(yīng)如何在借名人和出名人之間進(jìn)行權(quán)利衡量,以及如何保護(hù)事實(shí)權(quán)利人的相關(guān)權(quán)益,均是借名買(mǎi)房合同中應(yīng)重點(diǎn)解決的問(wèn)題。一般來(lái)說(shuō),出名人在房屋登記在其名下后,應(yīng)根據(jù)其與借名人的內(nèi)部約定,協(xié)助借名人辦理房屋過(guò)戶登記,將房產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)至借名人名下,借名人亦可依照此內(nèi)部約定主張上述權(quán)利。但若房屋因政策等限制缺乏流通性,房屋因此不能再作變更登記,此時(shí)出名人因返還由借名人支付的購(gòu)房款以及履行其他相關(guān)義務(wù)。另外,若有善意第三人,還應(yīng)充分考慮到善意第三人的利益,在沒(méi)有善意第三人的情形下,可直接在借名人與出名人之間進(jìn)行利益分配。除以上之外,還涉及到權(quán)利的保護(hù)和救濟(jì)問(wèn)題,如出名人處分了該房產(chǎn),并為善意第三人辦理了過(guò)戶登記,借名人實(shí)際已不可能獲得該房屋。此種情況下借名人如何獲得救濟(jì),能不能請(qǐng)求相關(guān)賠償,都是借名買(mǎi)房合同中會(huì)涉及到的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Housing is the basic life material in the daily life of citizens, and the real estate industry has also become an important factor affecting the economic and social development. With the gradual improvement of the civil law in China, many specific legal systems and regulations have been formulated in the legal behavior of the house buying and selling. From the view of the whole house buying behavior, it will involve many people. Legal relations and legal facts. From the signing of the housing contract to the performance of the contract and the housing registration, some legal loopholes will be displayed because of the diversity of social practice. Starting from the legal system and taking into account some of the state's economic policies, the legislative spirit of the legislator is explored. The name contract is an anonymous contract. The concept of the contract is similar to the trust, the entrustment contract and the false expression. In the analysis of the problems involved in the loan to buy a house, one aspect should be examined. The specific legal application of the afore-mentioned similar behavior, on the other hand, should also reflect the unique way of solving the related problems in the loan to buy a house. The loan of a name to buy a house is often on the edge of the law, and there is a lot of controversy on the problem of its effectiveness and the identification of its nature. Many courts have made different judges on this issue, but according to the principle of autonomy of the contract law, as long as the party's meaning is free, accurate and complete, it should be valid, unless there is a malicious collusion between the legal rights and interests of others, the violation of the law, the mandatory provisions of the administrative regulations and so on. According to the relevant regulations of the People's Republic of China contract law and the relevant regulations issued by the state and the regulations of the Ministry, the local regulations are not suitable as the contract efficiency. As a result of the standard of force identification, the determination of the validity of a loan to buy a house should generally proceed from the existing laws and the contents of the administrative regulations, and then consider whether the contract for the loan of the name is damaged by the relevant policies of the state and damages the interests of the state and the social and public interests, or is a malicious collusion to damage the interests of others. In addition to the confirmation of the validity of the loan name agreement within the celebrities and the celebrities, the behavior of borrowing a house to buy a house involves the definition of the effect of the external legal behavior, such as the housing sale contract and the house involved in the dispose of the celebrity. The identification of the validity of the contract for the sale of the house is generally from the perspective of the autonomy of the contract law, if it is in conformity with the contract law. The form elements of a contract are generally recognized as effective. If they have malicious collusion to damage the interests of others, violation of public order, good customs and untrue meaning, it is necessary to analyze the effectiveness of the housing contract in each case. From the point of view of meaning acquisition, the subjective state of the third people is examined in order to determine the effectiveness of the house. If it is in accordance with the conditions for the acquisition of good faith, the third party may obtain the ownership of the house even if it has no right to dispose of it. The ownership of the production is confirmed, and this is associated with the system of registration of real right in the property law of the People's Republic of China. The property law of our country stipulates the registration system of real property and clear public credibility and presumption of the registration of real property, which means that the right holders recorded in the real estate registration book enjoy the presumption of law. But in the loan to buy a house contract, the actual buyer borrows the celebrity, the registered name does not actually make capital contribution, in fact the property right of the house should borrow the celebrity. That is, it involves the relationship between real right in real right and the legal right of law. Therefore, when judging the ownership of the property right in the loan to buy a house, how to measure the rights between the celebrities and the celebrities, and how to protect the rights and interests of the factual rights holders are the key problems to be solved in the contract of buying a house. Generally speaking, after the house registration is under its name, it should be based on it and by the celebrities. Within the internal agreement, help the celebrities to register the house, transfer the property to the name of the borrower, and the celebrities can also claim the right in accordance with the internal agreement. But if the house is not limited in circulation because of the policy restrictions, the house can not make a change registration. At this time, the famous person will return the purchase money paid by the celebrities and perform the others. In addition, if there are third people in good faith, the interests of the third people in good faith should be taken into full consideration. In the absence of good faith third persons, the interests can be allocated directly between the celebrities and the famous people. In addition to the above, the protection and relief of the rights are also involved, such as the dispose of the property and the third people in good faith. It is impossible to obtain the house by the name of the celebrity. In this case, how to obtain the remedies by the celebrities can not ask for the related compensation, which are all the problems that will be involved in the loan to buy a house.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.6

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 馬一德;;借名買(mǎi)房之法律適用[J];法學(xué)家;2014年06期

2 趙秀梅;;借名登記合同中的法律問(wèn)題[J];國(guó)家檢察官學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2014年05期

3 馬強(qiáng);;借名購(gòu)房案件所涉問(wèn)題之研究——以法院裁判的案件為中心[J];政治與法律;2014年07期

4 冉克平;;論借名實(shí)施法律行為的效果[J];法學(xué);2014年02期

5 林誠(chéng)二;;不動(dòng)產(chǎn)物權(quán)變動(dòng)登記之實(shí)與虛——以我國(guó)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)借名登記契約之相關(guān)問(wèn)題為說(shuō)明[J];北方法學(xué);2014年01期

6 丁南;;權(quán)利意志論之于民法學(xué)的意義[J];當(dāng)代法學(xué);2013年04期

7 寧桂君;;不動(dòng)產(chǎn)善意取得制度中的利益平衡(上)[J];研究生法學(xué);2012年04期

8 周峰;李興;;隱名購(gòu)房行為的法律性質(zhì)認(rèn)定與執(zhí)法對(duì)策研究[J];法律適用;2012年08期

9 尹飛;;論隱名代理的構(gòu)成與效力[J];法律科學(xué)(西北政法大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào));2011年03期

10 楊代雄;;使用他人名義實(shí)施法律行為的效果——法律行為主體的“名”與“實(shí)”[J];中國(guó)法學(xué);2010年04期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 王建業(yè);“借名買(mǎi)房”相關(guān)法律問(wèn)題研究[D];華東政法大學(xué);2015年

2 陳益鳳;借名購(gòu)房糾紛案件的法律適用研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2013年

3 王勝會(huì);為規(guī)避限購(gòu)令之借名買(mǎi)房行為效力研究[D];西南政法大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號(hào)：1831693