本文選題：無(wú)被害人犯罪 + 法律家長(zhǎng)主義�。� 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：自上個(gè)世紀(jì)西方國(guó)家掀起了一場(chǎng)影響深遠(yuǎn)的非犯罪化浪潮開(kāi)始,刑事立法犯罪化與非犯罪化的爭(zhēng)論就一直沒(méi)有停止過(guò)。而其中最受矚目的就是“無(wú)被害人犯罪”問(wèn)題。首次提出“無(wú)被害人犯罪”概念的是美國(guó)學(xué)者埃德溫·舒爾,從那以后無(wú)被害人犯罪問(wèn)題就一直備受爭(zhēng)議。在西方國(guó)家,非犯罪化和輕刑化已經(jīng)成為其規(guī)制無(wú)被害人犯罪的主流立法政策,但是對(duì)于具有嚴(yán)重社會(huì)危害性的無(wú)被害人犯罪是否應(yīng)當(dāng)非犯罪化,各國(guó)的立法態(tài)度也各有不同。在我國(guó),對(duì)于無(wú)被害人犯罪的研究起步較晚,在刑法中的規(guī)定也較少。但是在西方國(guó)家非犯罪化立法趨勢(shì)的影響下,我國(guó)對(duì)于無(wú)被害人犯罪(尤其是對(duì)于諸如吸毒、賣淫、賭博等具有嚴(yán)重社會(huì)危害性的無(wú)被害人犯罪)問(wèn)題也引發(fā)了犯罪化與非犯罪化的激烈討論。筆者認(rèn)為,各國(guó)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和法制歷程都有差異,不可盲目追隨西方國(guó)家實(shí)施非犯罪化的腳步,而應(yīng)當(dāng)結(jié)合我國(guó)的具體國(guó)情,從傳統(tǒng)文化觀念、社會(huì)民眾主流思想、政治環(huán)境與政府政策、經(jīng)濟(jì)體制與發(fā)展水平、法治現(xiàn)狀等方面對(duì)“無(wú)被害人犯罪”進(jìn)行區(qū)別對(duì)待。本文以法理學(xué)和刑法學(xué)理論為基礎(chǔ),采用理論分析和實(shí)證分析的研究方法,認(rèn)為我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段對(duì)于無(wú)被害人犯罪問(wèn)題不應(yīng)照搬西方非犯罪化的立法模式,而應(yīng)具體問(wèn)題具體分析,采取有限犯罪化的刑事立法政策。本文首先撰寫(xiě)了無(wú)被害人犯罪的一般理論,引入了“無(wú)被害人犯罪”的概念,并介紹其典型類型和區(qū)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),為后文的深入分析做鋪墊;然后對(duì)無(wú)被害人犯罪犯罪化問(wèn)題進(jìn)行理論描摹和正當(dāng)性分析;接著以吸毒行為為例,展開(kāi)了對(duì)此類社會(huì)危害性較大的無(wú)被害人犯罪的犯罪化的可行性分析;在文章的第四部分,通過(guò)介紹國(guó)外的立法實(shí)踐以及我國(guó)國(guó)情,論證我國(guó)應(yīng)做出的立法模式選擇;最后得出結(jié)論,即在當(dāng)代中國(guó),對(duì)無(wú)被害人犯罪應(yīng)當(dāng)采取有限犯罪化的刑事立法政策。
[Abstract]:Since the western countries set off a far-reaching wave of decriminalization in the last century, the debate between criminalization and decriminalization of criminal legislation has never stopped. Among them, the most attention is the problem of crime without victims. Edwin Schuer, an American scholar, first put forward the concept of "victimless crime". Since then, the issue of victimless crime has been controversial. In the western countries, decriminalization and light punishment have become the mainstream legislative policy to regulate the victimless crime, but the legislative attitude of each country is different as to whether the victimless crime with serious social harmfulness should be decriminalized. In our country, the research on the crime without victim started late, and the provisions in the criminal law are also less. However, under the influence of the trend of decriminalization legislation in western countries, our country has committed crimes without victims (especially in cases such as drug abuse, prostitution, The problem of non-victim crime, such as gambling, which has serious social harmfulness, also leads to the heated discussion of decriminalization and decriminalization. The author believes that there are differences in the development and legal process of different countries, so we should not blindly follow the steps of decriminalization in western countries, but should combine the specific conditions of our country, from the traditional cultural concept, the mainstream thinking of the public. Political environment and government policy, economic system and level of development, current situation of rule of law, etc. Based on the theory of jurisprudence and criminal law, this paper adopts the research methods of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis, and holds that the problem of crime without victims should not be copied from the legislative model of non-criminal in the west, but the specific problems should be analyzed concretely. Adopt a limited criminal legislation policy. This paper first writes the general theory of victimless crime, introduces the concept of "victimless crime", and introduces its typical types and distinguishing standards, paving the way for further analysis. Then the theory of victimless crime and legitimacy analysis; then taking drug abuse as an example, the feasibility of such a social harmfulness of victimless crime feasibility analysis; in the fourth part of the article, By introducing the legislative practice of foreign countries and the situation of our country, this paper demonstrates the choice of legislative mode that our country should make, and finally draws a conclusion that, in contemporary China, the limited criminal legislation policy should be adopted for the crime without victims.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3

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