本文關(guān)鍵詞： 網(wǎng)約車 事前許可 共享經(jīng)濟(jì) 法律規(guī)制 政府監(jiān)管　出處：《安徽財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“網(wǎng)約車”從字面上說是網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出租汽車的意思,實(shí)際是以移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為技術(shù)依托,大量補(bǔ)貼為營銷手段,迅速攻破傳統(tǒng)的出租車行業(yè),進(jìn)而進(jìn)入出租車行業(yè)。出租車行業(yè)向來就有便捷但是不經(jīng)濟(jì)的交通方式之稱,現(xiàn)如今隨著“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”形勢的到來,各行各業(yè)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)均受到了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的沖擊,出租車行業(yè)也不例外。在這種形勢下,網(wǎng)約車逐漸成為了大家在當(dāng)今社會生活中不可或缺的生活方式,當(dāng)然網(wǎng)約車以其準(zhǔn)確、經(jīng)濟(jì)、快捷等服務(wù)特點(diǎn)彌補(bǔ)了傳統(tǒng)的出租車市場的不足,與此同時網(wǎng)約車自身的問題以及在使用過程中出現(xiàn)的各種各樣問題也慢慢顯現(xiàn),為此,在2016年7月28日,國務(wù)院新聞辦公室舉行發(fā)布會,交通部、公安部、國家質(zhì)監(jiān)總局等七部委有關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人公布《關(guān)于深化改革推進(jìn)出租汽車行業(yè)健康發(fā)展的指導(dǎo)意見》、《網(wǎng)絡(luò)預(yù)約出汽車經(jīng)營管理暫行辦法》(下文用《指導(dǎo)意見》《暫行辦法》代替)并于2016年11月1日起開始施行,意味著中國政府成為全球第一個承認(rèn)網(wǎng)約車合法化的國家,該《暫行辦法》解決了網(wǎng)約車交通事故侵權(quán)責(zé)任分配、保險(xiǎn)理賠等方面的矛盾,并正式將其確認(rèn)為一種區(qū)別與傳統(tǒng)巡游出租車的新的出行方式,這為網(wǎng)約車市場未來的良性發(fā)展提供了法律基礎(chǔ),更好的保障了乘坐網(wǎng)約車乘客的合法權(quán)益。與此同時,新規(guī)將權(quán)力下放后,截至2017年2月27日,全國已經(jīng)有66個城市出臺網(wǎng)約車新政細(xì)化措施。地方網(wǎng)約車出臺后的影響見仁見智,但是毫無疑問的是,對網(wǎng)約車準(zhǔn)入條件進(jìn)行依法依據(jù)的管理,對民眾以及社會未嘗不是一件好事。而在2017年3月3日兩會期間開展的“鼓勵網(wǎng)約車,發(fā)展新經(jīng)濟(jì)”專題活動更是針對網(wǎng)約車監(jiān)管現(xiàn)狀建言獻(xiàn)策,網(wǎng)約車的發(fā)展越來越深入人們的生活。上述《指導(dǎo)意見》和《暫行辦法》目的是為了更好地規(guī)范網(wǎng)約車的發(fā)展,但是《暫行辦法》沒有對專、兼職車輛、司機(jī)做出進(jìn)一步的分類規(guī)制,由此產(chǎn)生的影響值得在實(shí)施的過程中加以研究。在規(guī)制措施方面,事前許可條件的妥當(dāng)設(shè)定尤為關(guān)鍵,其中車輛標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、司機(jī)準(zhǔn)入條件、數(shù)量規(guī)制和價格規(guī)制以及政府監(jiān)管都是很重要的方面。本文主要分為四個部分,第一部分主要分析在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代下網(wǎng)約車經(jīng)營服務(wù)發(fā)展態(tài)勢;第二部分主要分析我國網(wǎng)約車事前許可條件設(shè)定的現(xiàn)狀,從國家立法層面和地方立法層面進(jìn)行闡釋,從網(wǎng)約車司機(jī)、車輛、數(shù)量規(guī)制和價格規(guī)制方面論述;第三部分主要分析國外網(wǎng)約車事前許可制度設(shè)計(jì)及其借鑒,主要從國家層面的縱向角度以及從國外出租車總體采取措施的角度進(jìn)行分析;第四部分主要分析網(wǎng)約車事前許可條件具體設(shè)置模式探索。通過四部分的闡釋以及綜合圖表分析,來論證網(wǎng)約車的準(zhǔn)入條件,以此完善我國在網(wǎng)約車市場的立法。
[Abstract]:In fact, it is based on the mobile Internet technology, a large amount of subsidies as marketing means to quickly break through the traditional taxi industry. The taxi industry has always been known as a convenient but uneconomical means of transportation. Now with the advent of the "Internet" situation, traditional industries in various industries have been hit by the Internet. The taxi industry is no exception. In this situation, ride-sharing has gradually become an indispensable way of life in today's social life, of course because of its accuracy and economy. Fast and other service features make up for the shortcomings of the traditional taxi market. At the same time, the problems of ride-sharing itself and the various problems that arise in the process of use have gradually emerged. For this reason, in July 28th 2016, The State Council Information Office held a press conference, the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Public Security, Responsible persons of seven ministries and commissions, including the State Administration of quality Supervision and Supervision, have promulgated the guiding opinions on deepening Reform and promoting the healthy Development of the Taxi Industry, and the interim measures for the Operation and Administration of Automobile booking on the Internet (hereinafter, with the guidance opinion < interim Office). And take effect from November 1st 2016, This means that the Chinese government has become the first country in the world to recognize the legalization of ride-sharing. The "interim approach" has solved the contradictions in the distribution of liability for infringement of traffic accidents and in insurance claims, etc. And officially recognized it as a new travel mode that distinguishes it from traditional cruise taxis, which provides a legal basis for the future benign development of the online ride-sharing market, and better protects the legitimate rights and interests of ride-sharing passengers. At the same time, Since the new rules devolve power, as of February 27th 2017, 66 cities across the country had introduced a new policy on car rental. The impact of the introduction of local car rentals varies, but there is no doubt that, It is not a bad thing for the public and the society to regulate the access conditions of ride-hailing according to the law. In March 3rd 2017, during the two sessions of the National people's Congress, the "encouragement of ride-sharing" was carried out. The special theme of developing the New economy is to offer advice on the current situation of the regulation of the net-ride-hailing, and the development of the net-ride-hailing is going deeper and deeper into people's lives. The above "guiding opinions" and "interim measures" are aimed at better standardizing the development of the net-ride-hailing system. However, the interim measures do not make further classification regulations for specialized, part-time vehicles and drivers. The resulting impact is worth studying in the course of implementation. In terms of regulatory measures, the proper setting of prior permission conditions is particularly crucial. Among them, vehicle standards, driver access conditions, quantity regulation and price regulation, as well as government supervision are very important aspects. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part mainly analyzes the development situation of ride-hailing service in the Internet era. The second part mainly analyzes the current situation of the setting of the prior permission conditions of the net car in our country, explains from the national legislative level and the local legislation level, discusses from the network car driver, the vehicle, the quantity regulation and the price regulation; The third part mainly analyzes the design and reference of the prior permit system of foreign cabs, mainly from the vertical perspective of the national level and from the perspective of the overall measures taken by foreign taxis. The 4th part mainly analyzes the exploration of the specific setting mode of the prior permission condition of the net car charting. Through the explanation of the four parts and the comprehensive chart analysis, it proves the access condition of the network car, and consummates the legislation of our country in the network car market.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.296

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