本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國的關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)合并破產(chǎn)制度研究　出處：《吉林大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè) 人格混同 合并破產(chǎn)

【摘要】：關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展是市場經(jīng)濟和規(guī)�；a(chǎn)共同作用的結(jié)果。關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)的形式在為企業(yè)節(jié)約交易成本、擴大經(jīng)營規(guī)模、提高整體競爭力等方面具有明顯的優(yōu)勢。但是任何事物都有兩面性,關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)的發(fā)展壯大雖然在一定程度上促進了企業(yè)的發(fā)展,但是其存在的問題也不容忽視。由于我國信息披露制度的不完善,關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)間不規(guī)范的交易行為得不到有效披露,同時伴隨著企業(yè)間資產(chǎn)混同、機構(gòu)人員混同、經(jīng)營一體化等問題,信息的不對稱給債權(quán)人帶來巨大的潛在風險。當關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)同時或先后進入破產(chǎn)程序以后,由于涉案金額巨大,企業(yè)間的資產(chǎn)負債嚴重混同,如果依然按照傳統(tǒng)的單獨破產(chǎn)的方法進行破產(chǎn)清算,一方面不當利益輸送鏈條中受損的外部債權(quán)人的利益得不到有效保護,另一方面關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)資產(chǎn)負債嚴重混同的情況下,要把它們區(qū)分開來必將耗費大量的時間和金錢成本,債權(quán)人的利益得不到保障,司法資源也被過度占用。我國破產(chǎn)法的宗旨是使破產(chǎn)企業(yè)的全體債權(quán)人獲得公平清償,如果這一問題得不到妥善解決,破產(chǎn)法的立法宗旨就難以實現(xiàn),甚至會嚴重影響到我國的市場經(jīng)濟秩序和社會秩序。我國現(xiàn)有的法律制度中,法人人格否認制度,破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)和破產(chǎn)無效制度能夠?qū)τ行╆P(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)的破產(chǎn)案件起到一定的規(guī)制作用,但是面對日益擴大化、復雜化的關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)破產(chǎn)案件,現(xiàn)有制度明顯力有不及。我國目前尚缺乏對關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)破產(chǎn)清算中出現(xiàn)的特殊問題進行規(guī)制的專門法律制度,這就給司法實踐帶來了嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。本文的主旨就在于為解決關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)破產(chǎn)過程中面臨的特殊問題引入一個新的法律制度——合并破產(chǎn)制度,并對之進行理論上的論證和本土化的制度構(gòu)建。本文的核心觀點在于:各關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)的獨立法人人格只是表象,當關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)同時或相繼破產(chǎn)時,應(yīng)當適用合并破產(chǎn)制度,還原其在經(jīng)營過程當中形成的利益一體化的實質(zhì),不再區(qū)分各自的債權(quán)債務(wù),而是將關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)看做一個統(tǒng)一的整體對外承擔責任,債權(quán)人就合并后的全部破產(chǎn)財產(chǎn)按比例受償,以此糾正關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)之間不正當?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)交易行為對債權(quán)人造成的不公正待遇。該制度不僅保障了關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)的債權(quán)人獲得公平清償?shù)臋?quán)利,而且有助于縮短破產(chǎn)案件的審理時間,提高司法效率。我國在合并破產(chǎn)制度領(lǐng)域的研究起步較晚,雖然部分法院已經(jīng)在司法實踐過程中開始積極地探索和適用合并破產(chǎn)制度,并且取得了較好的效果,但該制度在我國現(xiàn)有破產(chǎn)法中尚無明確規(guī)定,我國作為成文法國家,面對越來越多的關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)破產(chǎn)案件,于法無據(jù)會使法官在做決定時感到左右為難。在以美國為代表的英美法系國家中,法學界對合并破產(chǎn)制度的研究已經(jīng)較為成熟,我國在對合并破產(chǎn)制度的實踐探索過程中要善于學習借鑒國外的經(jīng)驗,結(jié)合各國已經(jīng)形成的諸多司法判例,對其進行深入研究。筆者在撰寫本文時運用比較研究的方法,通過對比美國實質(zhì)合并原則的歷史演進過程,同時結(jié)合我國法學界諸多學者的對合并破產(chǎn)制度的研究貢獻,對我國的合并破產(chǎn)制度提出了自己的一些拙見。合并破產(chǎn)制度對糾正關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)間扭曲的利益關(guān)系和高度混同現(xiàn)狀以及保障債權(quán)人公平受償?shù)淖饔檬怯心抗捕玫?因此筆者希望通過本文對合并破產(chǎn)制度進行理論上的分析和制度上的論證,為我國確立該制度提供針對性思考和框架化建議。
[Abstract]:The emergence and development of associated enterprises is the interaction between market economy and large-scale production. Related enterprises in the form of saving transaction cost of enterprises, expand the scale of operation, has obvious advantages to improve the overall competitiveness. But everything has two sides, the development and growth of Enterprises Association although to a certain extent, promote the enterprise the development, but the problem can not be ignored. Because of China's information disclosure system is not perfect, does not regulate the transactions between associated enterprises behavior without effective disclosure, accompanied by enterprise asset mix, staff confusion, business integration and other issues, information asymmetry brings huge potential risks to creditors when the associated enterprises. At the same time or successively entered bankruptcy proceedings, due to the huge amount of money involved, inter enterprise assets and liabilities serious confusion, if still in accordance with the traditional single The only way of bankruptcy liquidation, on the one hand, the improper transfer of benefits in the chain of the damaged external creditors' interests are not effectively protected, on the other hand, the assets and liabilities related enterprises under the condition of serious confusion, to separate them will cost a lot of time and money consuming, not to protect the interests of creditors, judicial resources it is over occupied. The bankruptcy law of our country's purpose is to make all the creditors of the bankrupt enterprise get fair pay, if this problem is not solved properly, the legislative purpose of bankrupt law is difficult to achieve, even seriously affect China's market economic order and social order. Our existing legal system and the legal personality denial system, bankruptcy revocation rights and bankruptcy invalid system to bankruptcy case for some related enterprises play a certain role in regulation, but in the face of increasingly complicated expansion. The case of affiliated enterprise bankruptcy, the existing system have obvious. China's current lack of a special legal system to regulate the special problems in the bankruptcy liquidation, which brings great challenges to the judicial practice. The purpose of this article is to introduce a new legal system and bankruptcy system for special problems solve process related businesses in bankruptcy, and the construction of the theoretical arguments and the localization of the system. The key point of this paper lies in: the associated enterprises independent legal personality is just appearance, when the associated enterprises simultaneously or successively bankruptcy, shall apply with the bankruptcy system, reducing the formation of interest in the business process the essence of integration, no longer distinguish the respective claims of debt, but the associated enterprises as a whole responsibility of foreign creditors, after the merger of all The bankrupt property proportional compensation, the unfair treatment to correct the unfair related transactions between affiliated enterprises to creditors caused. This system not only ensures the affiliated enterprise creditors to obtain a fair settlement of rights, but also helps to shorten the time of bankruptcy cases, improve judicial efficiency. The research in the field with the bankruptcy system started late in China, although some courts have begun to actively explore and apply with the bankruptcy system in the process of judicial practice, and achieved good results, but the system in China's current bankruptcy law is no clear provisions in our country as a civil law country, facing the association more and more enterprise bankruptcy cases in law according to the judge was in a dilemma in decision making. In the United States as the representative of the common law countries, combined with research on Bankruptcy System of law has been more mature, I In practice of bankruptcy system in the process of exploration should be good at learning from foreign experience, combined with many countries have formed the judicial precedent, to conduct in-depth studies. The author uses the method of comparative study in this writing, through the historical evolution compared to the United States the principle of substantive consolidation process, combined with the contribution to the study of merger bankruptcy system the Chinese law scholars, put forward some opinions of their own with the bankruptcy system of our country. With the bankruptcy system to correct the distortion of the interest relationship between associated enterprises and highly confused situation in order to protect the creditors and fair compensation is obvious to people, so I hope that through this paper analysis and system theory. The demonstration of the merger of bankruptcy system, the system provides for thinking and suggestions for our country to establish a framework.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.291.92

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本文編號：1441013