本文關(guān)鍵詞：鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度規(guī)范化研究　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：在社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的大背景下,農(nóng)村群眾日益增長(zhǎng)的法律服務(wù)需求與農(nóng)村社會(huì)法律資源匱乏的矛盾日益突出。農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng)和利益分化帶來(lái)社會(huì)急劇變遷,村改居宅基地糾紛、征地拆遷補(bǔ)償糾紛、村集體經(jīng)濟(jì)分紅問(wèn)題、勞動(dòng)糾紛和婚姻家庭矛盾等問(wèn)題層出不窮。面對(duì)新情況和新問(wèn)題,以威權(quán)和宗族紐帶建立起來(lái)的傳統(tǒng)糾紛解決機(jī)制面臨失靈的尷尬,部分地區(qū)甚至出現(xiàn)因?yàn)檎鞯夭疬w等問(wèn)題導(dǎo)致村民與基層政府激烈對(duì)峙、引發(fā)群體事件的緊張局面。如何化解矛盾糾紛,增加農(nóng)村社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定因素成為擺在政府面前的一道難題。在依法治國(guó)背景下,運(yùn)用法治思維,增加農(nóng)村社會(huì)的法律服務(wù)供給成為破解難題的必然選擇。以廣東省為代表的省份建立起以"一村一法律顧問(wèn)"為實(shí)現(xiàn)形式的鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度。該制度通過(guò)聘用律師或者基層法律服務(wù)工作者到基層建制村擔(dān)任法律顧問(wèn)的形式,建立起覆蓋面更廣、服務(wù)內(nèi)容更加全面的法律服務(wù)供給方式。鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度處在初期發(fā)展階段,制度失范帶來(lái)了制度執(zhí)行度不高、缺乏經(jīng)費(fèi)保障和考核評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制等問(wèn)題。雖然在國(guó)家層面已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到了建立鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度的重要性,但是缺乏相關(guān)政策文件的支持。在省級(jí)層面,不少省份嘗試從鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)工作的指導(dǎo)思想和目標(biāo)、人員配置和責(zé)任義務(wù)、組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和經(jīng)費(fèi)保障等方面做了綱領(lǐng)性規(guī)定,但綱領(lǐng)性文件的規(guī)定缺乏可操作性。因此,鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度規(guī)范化研究顯得非常必要,如何進(jìn)行鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度規(guī)范化體系構(gòu)建是研究的重點(diǎn),本文即是圍繞此展開。本文在結(jié)構(gòu)上分為六個(gè)部分。第一部分從介紹制度運(yùn)行的基本概況和政策法規(guī)依據(jù)入手,介紹了我國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。第二部分分析了制度失范帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題,討論鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度規(guī)范化的必要性。第三部分通過(guò)對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度建設(shè)的現(xiàn)實(shí)剖析,總結(jié)現(xiàn)有制度建設(shè)情況和不足之處。第四、五部分是本文的核心內(nèi)容,為了解決以上不足,筆者根據(jù)現(xiàn)有制度建設(shè)描繪的制度框架提出了鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度規(guī)范化的體系設(shè)計(jì),并提出了政府在加強(qiáng)鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度規(guī)范化建設(shè)中應(yīng)該采取的重點(diǎn)措施。第六部分是對(duì)本文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)和概況。本文的價(jià)值在于對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村法律顧問(wèn)制度規(guī)范化進(jìn)行了具體的制度設(shè)計(jì),提出了做好制度規(guī)范化建設(shè)應(yīng)采取的重點(diǎn)措施。
[Abstract]:In the context of the construction of the new socialist countryside, the contradiction between the growing demand for legal services and the lack of legal resources in the rural society is becoming increasingly prominent. The rapid growth of rural economy and the differentiation of interests have brought about rapid social changes. There are many problems such as disputes in the residential areas, compensation disputes in land acquisition, demolition, collective economic dividends, labor disputes and marriage and family conflicts. Facing the new situation and new problems, the traditional dispute settlement mechanism established by authority and clan ties is facing the embarrassment of failure. In some areas, some problems such as land acquisition and demolition have led to a fierce confrontation between the villagers and the grass-roots government, causing tension in group incidents. How to dissolve the contradictions and disputes and increase the stability of the rural society has become a difficult problem in front of the government. Under the background of ruling the country according to law, using the rule of law thinking to increase the supply of legal services in the rural society has become the inevitable choice to solve the problem. In the province represented by Guangdong Province, the system of rural legal advisers is established in the form of "one village and one legal adviser". The system has established a more extensive and more comprehensive way of providing legal services by employing lawyers or grass-roots legal workers to form legal counsel in grass-roots villages. The rural legal adviser system is in the initial stage of development. The system anomie has brought about the problems of low system implementation, lack of funds guarantee and assessment and evaluation mechanism. Although the importance of establishing the system of rural legal advisors has been recognized at the national level, the support of relevant policy documents is lacking. At the provincial level, many provinces have tried to make programmatic provisions from the guiding ideology and objectives, staffing and responsibilities, organizational leadership and financial support, etc., but the provisions of programmatic documents are not operable. Therefore, the standardization of rural counsel system is very necessary. How to establish the standardization system of rural legal counsel system is the focus of research. This article is divided into six parts in structure. The first part begins with the introduction of the basic situation of the introduction of the system and the basis of policy and regulation, and introduces the current situation of the development of the rural legal adviser system in China. The second part analyzes the problems brought by the anomie of the system, and discusses the necessity of standardizing the system of rural legal advisers. The third part, through the analysis of the reality of the construction of the rural legal adviser system, summarizes the existing system construction and shortcomings. The fourth, fifth part is the core content of this article, in order to solve the above problems, the author puts forward the design of the system of the rural legal system according to the standard system framework to describe the existing system construction, and proposed the government to strengthen the construction of rural legal system standardization should focus on the measures taken. The sixth part is the summary and overview of the content of this article. The value of this article is to design a specific system for the standardization of the rural legal counsel system, and put forward the key measures to do well in the standardization of the system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D926.5

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