抗生素主要用于包括全球養(yǎng)殖魚類在內(nèi)的動(dòng)物與人類的疾病預(yù)防和治療中。由于濫用導(dǎo)致使用過(guò)量和攝入后吸收不良,加上它們的高水溶性和抗降解性,致使低劑量抗生素在環(huán)境中無(wú)處不在。一方面,在水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖中,抗生素通過(guò)殺死或抑制致病菌的增殖來(lái)幫助改善魚類的健康;另一方面,抗生素也會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面效應(yīng)。迄今為止,接觸低環(huán)境濃度的抗生素（LECAs）和水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖許用劑量的抗生素（LADAs）對(duì)魚類的慢性系統(tǒng)影響及其對(duì)人類健康的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)仍然相對(duì)模糊;此外,使用膳食成分如脂質(zhì)和碳水化合物來(lái)減輕抗生素引起的副作用也并不清晰。本研究以尼羅羅非魚（Oreochromis niloticus）為研究對(duì)象,研究了LECAs和LADAs對(duì)魚類健康和人類健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響,同時(shí)進(jìn)一步探討了高脂肪和碳水化合物在調(diào)節(jié)飲食抗生素引起的不良反應(yīng)中的作用。我們對(duì)羅非魚常規(guī)生化生理指標(biāo)、代謝功能指標(biāo)、組織切片以及腸道和肝臟健康指標(biāo)進(jìn)行檢測(cè),并采用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)法對(duì)成人和兒童食用抗生素暴露下生產(chǎn)的魚肉可能產(chǎn)生的人體健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。在本論文中,我們首先使用低劑量的土霉素（OTC）和磺胺甲惡唑（SMZ）對(duì)魚體暴露于LECAs和LADAs的慢性毒性效應(yīng)及其對(duì)人類... 

【文章來(lái)源】：華東師范大學(xué)上海市 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：195 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
中文摘要
abstract
1.1 General introduction
    1.2 Antibiotics used in global aquaculture
    1.3 The present status（2014 to 2020）of antibiotics in aquatic environment
    1.4 Biological effects of antibiotics on fish body
    1.5 Potential human health risk of antibiotics
    1.6 The statement of the research problem
    1.7 The objectives of the study
    1.8 Significance of the study
    1.9 Organization of the dissertation
CHAPTER TWO:Chronic exposure to low environmental concentrations and legal aquaculture doses of antibiotics cause systemic adverse effects in Nile tilapia（Oreochromis niloticus）and provoke differential human health risk
    1.Introduction
    2.Materials and methods
    3.Results
    4.Discussion
    5.Conclusion
CHAPTER THREE:High fat diet worsens the adverse effects of antibiotic on intestinal health in juvenile Nile tilapia（Oreochromis niloticus）
    1.Introduction
    2.Materials and methods
    3.Results
    4.Discussion
    5.Conclusion
CHAPTER FOUR:High carbohydrate diet partially protects Nile tilapia（Oreochromis niloticus）from oxytetracycline-induced side effects
    1.Introduction
    2.Materials and methods
    3.Results and Discussion
    4.Conclusion
CHAPTER FIVE:General conclusions,new contributions and future research
    5.1 Conclusions
    5.2 New contributions to scientific knowledege
    5.3 Recommendations for future research
References
EDUCATION BACKGROUND AND RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
DEDICATION



本文編號(hào)：3031138