溫度和光周期對(duì)大蒜蒜薹和鱗莖發(fā)育的影響及機(jī)理
[Abstract]:The strict seasonal developmental characteristics of garlic are the bottleneck problems in restricting the supply of fresh garlic bolts and bulbs.The effects and mechanism of temperature and photoperiod on the development of garlic bolts and bulbs were elucidated,which could provide theoretical basis for the regulation of garlic growth and development,and could realize the annual supply of fresh garlic bolts and bulbs. The critical temperature and photoperiod conditions of garlic bolt and bulb development, as well as the related physiological, biochemical and gene expression changes during garlic development were systematically studied in an indoor climate chamber experiment. The main results were as follows: 1. Low temperature treatment of garlic seeds significantly affected the growth and development of garlic plants, and could replace the vernalization requirement in the growth process of garlic plants. Compared with the control, the low temperature treatment of garlic seeds could significantly induce the plant to bolt and increase the bolting rate, shorten the plant growth period, promote the plant elongation and increase the rate of Unicorn garlic. The bolting rate of garlic plants treated at 10 C for 40 days before sowing or at 5 C for 20 days was the highest, but with the prolongation of low temperature duration, the yield of garlic decreased. After 65,45,25 days of sowing, garlic plants of different seedling ages were treated for 40 days at 5/0, 10/5, 15/10 and 20/15, respectively. The response to vernalization treatment was different. After vernalization treatment, the bolting rate of all tested seedling ages was significantly increased, and the bolting rate of the smallest seedling age (4th leaf stage) was the highest. In addition, vernalization inhibited vegetative growth. The critical seedling age of G064 garlic was 4-leaf stage, plant height 36.7 cm, pseudostem diameter 4.31 mm.3. Necessary conditions for bolting and bulb expansion of garlic were studied. G107 ('early second season'), G025 ('Cangshan garlic') and G064 ('improved garlic') cultivars were naturally vernalized in the field and treated with different day/night temperatures (15/10, 20/15, 25/18) and photoperiod (8 h and 14 h). The results showed that 20-25 and 14 h significantly promoted the bolting and bulb expansion of garlic plants. After natural vernalization, G107 could bolt and form bulbs in long day, 20/15 C and 14 h light were the most effective conditions for bolting and bulb expansion; G025 and G4 varieties could bolt and form bulbs at 20/15 C and 25/18 C and long sunlight, and 15/10 C were the most effective conditions for bolting and bulb expansion. The bolting and bulb swelling characteristics of G06 4 were significantly better than those of other treatments at 25/18 C and long sunshine. Comparatively, G025 was the best at 20/15 C and long sunshine. 4. The contents of endogenous hormones and MeJA in garlic were closely related to the development of garlic bolt and bulb. Correlation. Analysis of endogenous hormones and MEJA contents, POD and SOD activities of 8 varieties planted in the field, 3 sowing dates of G064 varieties and 3 varieties of garlic planted under different temperatures and photoperiod in the artificial climate chamber showed that low temperature could induce more proteins in the plants, which could significantly increase the activities of POD and SOD. The content of soluble protein, IAA, ZR and MeJA increased significantly during the Vernalization of the plant, and promoted the transformation of plant development. Subsequently, the content of IAA, ZR and MeJA decreased and the content of ABA increased during the flower bud differentiation stage, which was beneficial to the process of flower bud differentiation. With the development of garlic bolt, the content of GA increased gradually, which was beneficial to the continued growth and flower development of garlic bolt. At this time, the accumulation of MeJA in the plant was also increased. However, after bulb expansion, the contents of GA, ABA, IAA and SOD decreased, while the content of MeJA increased significantly, which promoted the development of garlic bulb. 5. AsFT, AsLFY and AsSOC1 play a key role in the growth and development of garlic. The partial CDs of FT and SOC1 homologous genes were cloned by RT-PCR. The length of the CDs was 305 BP and 389 bp, respectively, encoding 101 and 124 amino acids. The results showed that AsFT, AsLFY and AsSOC1 were very low in vegetative growth period and up-regulated significantly in reproductive growth period.Therefore, AsFT, AsLFY and AsSOC1 were the key genes controlling bolting and bulb swelling of garlic.After vernalization, garlic plants were induced by high temperature and long sunshine. The expression of ASSOC1 was up-regulated to induce and promote the development of garlic bolt and bulb, and the earlier the up-regulated expression appeared, the earlier the plant entered the bolting and bulb expansion stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號(hào)】:S633.4
【相似文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 王善廣,張華云,王超,李麗;大蒜品種資源及分類[J];保鮮與加工;2002年03期
2 趙國慶;崔文法;金保玲;吳紹娥;;漫話大蒜[J];種子世界;2002年01期
3 徐培丸;國外大蒜生產(chǎn)概況[J];當(dāng)代蔬菜;2004年07期
4 王慕;淺談大蒜施肥存在問題及建議[J];中國果菜;2004年05期
5 陳青奇;陳典;張海霞;;大蒜育種研究現(xiàn)狀[J];北方園藝;2006年02期
6 張弘;;優(yōu)良大蒜品種介紹[J];新農(nóng)村;2007年01期
7 丁超;周宏奎;;超級(jí)大蒜的引種與開發(fā)[J];中國蔬菜;2007年08期
8 張百俊;楊和連;劉愛琴;;大蒜功能研究現(xiàn)狀[J];河南科技學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2007年04期
9 李本俊;;世界大蒜研究進(jìn)展[J];江蘇調(diào)味副食品;2008年03期
10 范仲先;;超高產(chǎn)大蒜品種——巨型大蒜[J];新農(nóng)村;2008年10期
相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條
1 徐培文;劉憲華;高主太;曲士松;楊崇良;尚佑芬;趙玖華;劉恒英;;中國大蒜種質(zhì)資源研究——主要大蒜品種和品系的的病毒檢測(cè)[A];中國園藝學(xué)會(huì)成立70周年紀(jì)念優(yōu)秀論文選編[C];1999年
2 樊治成;陸幗一;杜慧芳;;大蒜品種資源分類體系的建立[A];中國園藝學(xué)會(huì)首屆青年學(xué)術(shù)討論會(huì)論文集[C];1994年
3 徐培文;曲士松;劉冰江;;大蒜種質(zhì)資源研究綜述[A];中國園藝學(xué)會(huì)第十屆會(huì)員代表大會(huì)暨學(xué)術(shù)討論會(huì)論文集[C];2005年
4 王海平;李錫香;沈鏑;宋江萍;;大蒜種質(zhì)資源研究進(jìn)展[A];全國蔬菜和薯類種質(zhì)資源研究與利用研討會(huì)論文集[C];2006年
5 翟露秋;宋建農(nóng);;大蒜分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及重量分級(jí)準(zhǔn)確度的研究[A];農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化與新農(nóng)村建設(shè)——中國農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)會(huì)2006年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集(上冊(cè))[C];2006年
6 陸幗一;樊治成;杜慧芳;;不同生態(tài)型大蒜品種生態(tài)特性研究——Ⅲ.溫度和光周期對(duì)大蒜抽薹的影響[A];中國園藝學(xué)會(huì)成立70周年紀(jì)念優(yōu)秀論文選編[C];1999年
7 劉云福;;川西幾個(gè)主裁大蒜品種簡介[A];全國蔬菜遺傳育種學(xué)術(shù)討論會(huì)論文集[C];2002年
8 詹園鳳;王廣東;程志英;;大蒜體細(xì)胞胚胎發(fā)生及植株再生[A];第二屆全國植物組織培養(yǎng)、脫毒快繁及工廠化生產(chǎn)學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2004年
9 徐培文;劉冰江;曲士松;;大蒜種質(zhì)創(chuàng)新和育種研究進(jìn)展[A];中國園藝學(xué)會(huì)第十屆會(huì)員代表大會(huì)暨學(xué)術(shù)討論會(huì)論文集[C];2005年
10 楊文婕;;中國傳統(tǒng)植物大蒜現(xiàn)代身價(jià)的探究[A];全國公共衛(wèi)生與食物營養(yǎng)高層論壇暨中國營養(yǎng)學(xué)會(huì)與保健食品分會(huì)第四屆學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2006年
相關(guān)重要報(bào)紙文章 前10條
1 趙榮立;大蒜與長壽[N];中國中醫(yī)藥報(bào);2000年
2 記者 高傳立邋通訊員 李全勝;大蒜產(chǎn)業(yè)成為惠民產(chǎn)業(yè)[N];徐州日?qǐng)?bào);2007年
3 本報(bào)記者 劉永喜;杞縣:著力打造“金杞牌”大蒜品牌[N];開封日?qǐng)?bào);2008年
4 記者 焦萬立;河南杞縣:著力打造大蒜品牌[N];新農(nóng)村商報(bào);2009年
5 李南 李濤;大蒜“熱”后的冷思考[N];中國特產(chǎn)報(bào);2001年
6 耿篤錨 陳銀健;江蘇口岸大蒜出口量增價(jià)跌[N];國際商報(bào);2005年
7 宋潔云;智利人猛種中國大蒜[N];國際經(jīng)貿(mào)消息;2000年
8 本報(bào)記者 徐恒杰;大蒜“熱”后的冷思考[N];農(nóng)民日?qǐng)?bào);2000年
9 于得水;同樣儲(chǔ)大蒜 效益兩重天[N];農(nóng)民日?qǐng)?bào);2003年
10 本報(bào)記者 向婧 實(shí)習(xí)生 邵以南;種植成本高 重慶人多吃外地大蒜[N];重慶日?qǐng)?bào);2009年
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前10條
1 李賀;鈣對(duì)大蒜生理特性、產(chǎn)量與品質(zhì)及緩解鎘脅迫的影響效應(yīng)[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年
2 孔素萍;大蒜組培快繁與四倍體誘導(dǎo)技術(shù)研究[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2015年
3 吳翠南;溫度和光周期對(duì)大蒜蒜薹和鱗莖發(fā)育的影響及機(jī)理[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2016年
4 王海平;中國大蒜遺傳多樣性評(píng)價(jià)及大蒜辣素含量與蒜氨酸酶基因的關(guān)聯(lián)分析[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2011年
5 關(guān)明;新疆大蒜種質(zhì)資源鑒定及規(guī)范化種植研究[D];新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué);2011年
6 張林青;大蒜抗白腐病體細(xì)胞無性系變異篩選體系研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2008年
7 張恩讓;大蒜(Allium sativum L.)體細(xì)胞無性系變異規(guī)律和篩選利用研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2003年
8 Muhammad Azam Khan;大棚辣椒/大蒜套作系統(tǒng)的生物效應(yīng)和生態(tài)效應(yīng)研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2011年
9 周艷麗;大蒜(Allium sativum L.)根系分泌物的化感作用研究及化感物質(zhì)鑒定[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué);2007年
10 Hassan Hamza Abdel-halim Mostafa;大蒜種質(zhì)資源評(píng)價(jià)與愈傷組織的物理化學(xué)誘變技術(shù)研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2014年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條
1 刁娟娟;大蒜的生藥學(xué)及大蒜多糖質(zhì)量研究[D];新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué);2008年
2 劉正興;不同氮肥處理對(duì)新疆白皮大蒜生長發(fā)育、品質(zhì)及產(chǎn)量的影響[D];新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2009年
3 劉天鴻;大蒜缺陷粒標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣照研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2006年
4 楊柯;大蒜切須技術(shù)研究及機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2015年
5 丁恒毅;“禾稼春”氨基酸肥料在大蒜和茶葉上應(yīng)用效應(yīng)的研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年
6 趙飛;γ-谷氨酰轉(zhuǎn)肽酶、蒜氨酸酶與大蒜綠變的關(guān)系[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2008年
7 高紅春;設(shè)施大蒜水楊酸調(diào)控及根際效應(yīng)研究[D];東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2008年
8 郭菊葉;不同品種薹用大蒜花芽分化過程的形態(tài)解剖及部分生理生化特性研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2009年
9 秦月麗;不同種類鉀肥及用量對(duì)大蒜品質(zhì)和產(chǎn)量的影響[D];河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年
10 黃治軍;大蒜抽薹機(jī)理與調(diào)控技術(shù)研究[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年
,本文編號(hào):2179048
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/shoufeilunwen/nykjbs/2179048.html