黃瓜幼苗對(duì)紅藍(lán)光質(zhì)響應(yīng)的生理機(jī)制
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-11 18:25
【摘要】：設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)栽培中光環(huán)境對(duì)蔬菜作物正常生長(zhǎng)至關(guān)重要,通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)光環(huán)境能實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)蔬菜生長(zhǎng)、品質(zhì)以及產(chǎn)量的調(diào)控。如何有效利用光環(huán)境調(diào)控技術(shù)提升設(shè)施蔬菜產(chǎn)品的生長(zhǎng)和品質(zhì),是現(xiàn)階段可持續(xù)設(shè)施農(nóng)業(yè)亟需解決的重要問(wèn)題。本試驗(yàn)研究了不同配比紅藍(lán)光質(zhì)(白光、紅光、藍(lán)光和紅藍(lán)組合光)對(duì)黃瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)十片的光合作用中光合電子傳遞鏈性能、光系統(tǒng)Ⅱ和Ⅰ(PSⅡ和PSI)的光化學(xué)活性、葉片形態(tài)建成及物質(zhì)代謝等方面的影響,并且研究了紅藍(lán)光質(zhì)黃瓜育苗對(duì)其后期設(shè)施生產(chǎn)栽培的影響。主要結(jié)果與結(jié)論如下：1.不同配比紅藍(lán)光質(zhì)顯著影響黃瓜葉片光合電子傳遞鏈性能及PSⅡ和PSⅠ光化學(xué)活性。結(jié)果表明,與白光相比,紅光處理的OJIP曲線(xiàn)中J點(diǎn)、I點(diǎn)、L-band、K-band以及Wol(Wol≥1)顯著提升,PSⅡ和PSI實(shí)際光化學(xué)量子效率(ΦⅡ和ΦⅠ)及JIP-test參數(shù)顯著降低,說(shuō)明紅光嚴(yán)重抑制黃瓜葉片從PSⅡ到PSI的線(xiàn)性電子傳遞,激活PSI的環(huán)式電子傳遞,并且降低PSⅡ和PSI的光化學(xué)活性；添加藍(lán)光能有效減輕這些負(fù)面效應(yīng),與紅光相比,紅藍(lán)組合光處理的黃瓜葉片從PSⅡ原初電子受體(QA)到PSI的電子傳遞能力顯著提升,ΦⅡ和ΦⅠ分別升高了175.6%和126.9%；藍(lán)光下黃瓜葉片的光合電子傳遞性能和光系統(tǒng)活性與白光下基本保持一致。表明藍(lán)光在保持光合電子傳遞鏈性能和光系統(tǒng)活性方面至關(guān)重要,比紅光更能有效地驅(qū)動(dòng)光合作用。2.不同配比紅藍(lán)光質(zhì)顯著影響黃瓜葉片顯微結(jié)構(gòu)、葉綠體超微結(jié)構(gòu)及營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素積累與分配。結(jié)果表明,與白光相比,紅光處理的黃瓜葉片厚度、柵欄組織和海綿組織厚度及柵欄組織/海綿組織厚度比值降低,柵欄組織細(xì)胞內(nèi)葉綠體數(shù)目和大小、基粒厚度和片層數(shù)、淀粉粒數(shù)目和大小均顯著降低,葉片中P、K、Mn和Zn元素大量積累；藍(lán)光下葉片厚度、葉綠體基粒厚度降低,柵欄組織/海綿組織厚度比值升高,葉片中N、P、K、Ca、Mg和Mn元素大量積累；紅藍(lán)組合光處理下葉片解剖結(jié)構(gòu)和葉綠體超微結(jié)構(gòu)與白光下基本保持一致。以上結(jié)果表明,紅藍(lán)組合光有利于黃瓜葉片和葉綠體的形態(tài)建成,紅、藍(lán)單色光均有利于黃瓜葉片中營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素的大量積累。3.不同配比紅藍(lán)光質(zhì)黃瓜育苗顯著影響其花芽分化。與白光相比,紅光處理的黃瓜植株第1朵雌花開(kāi)花時(shí)間延遲8天；紅藍(lán)組合光處理的黃瓜植株第1朵雌花的開(kāi)花時(shí)間延遲2天,節(jié)位降低2節(jié),并且前20節(jié)雌花數(shù)目增加2個(gè)；藍(lán)光處理的黃瓜植株第1朵雌花的開(kāi)花時(shí)間提前3天,第1、2、3和4朵雌花的節(jié)位均顯著降低4-5節(jié),并且前20節(jié)雌花數(shù)目增加2個(gè)。以上結(jié)果表明,紅光延遲黃瓜雌花開(kāi)花時(shí)間,藍(lán)光提前黃瓜雌花分化時(shí)間且降低第1-5朵雌花的節(jié)位,紅藍(lán)組合光有利于黃瓜第1朵雌花節(jié)位降低及前20節(jié)位雌花節(jié)位增加。4.紅光降低黃瓜葉片光合效率,阻礙葉片和葉綠體發(fā)育,并且延遲雌花開(kāi)花時(shí)間,不利于黃瓜植株生長(zhǎng)；然而,藍(lán)光和紅藍(lán)組合光能提升黃瓜葉片光合特性,促進(jìn)黃瓜植株葉片和葉綠體形態(tài)建成,同時(shí)增加黃瓜雌花數(shù)目,有利于黃瓜植株生長(zhǎng)。
[Abstract]:Light environment is very important to the normal growth of vegetable crops in protected agriculture. It can regulate the growth, quality and yield of vegetable by regulating light environment. How to effectively use light environment control technology to improve the growth and quality of protected vegetable products is an important problem to be solved urgently in sustainable protected agriculture at this stage. The effects of red and blue light quality (white light, red light, blue light, red and blue combined light) on photosynthetic electron transfer chain (PTC) properties, photochemical activities of photosystem II and I (PSII and PSI), leaf morphogenesis and material metabolism of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) were studied. The main results and conclusions are as follows: 1. The photosynthetic electron transfer chain and PS I I and PS I photochemical activities of cucumber leaves were significantly affected by different red and blue light ratios. The results showed that compared with white light, J, I, L-band, K-band and Wol (Wol < 1) in the OJIP curves of red light treatment were significantly increased, while PS I I and PS I were significantly increased. Intermediate photochemical quantum efficiency (II and I) and JIP-test parameters were significantly reduced, indicating that red light seriously inhibited the linear electron transfer from PSII to PSI, activated the ring electron transfer of PSI, and reduced the photochemical activity of PSII and PSI. The addition of blue light can effectively reduce these negative effects. Compared with red light, red-blue combined light treatment can significantly reduce these negative effects. The electron transfer ability of cucumber leaves from PSII primary electron acceptor (QA) to PSI increased by 175.6% and 126.9% respectively. The photosynthetic electron transfer performance and photosystem activity of Cucumber Leaves under blue light were basically consistent with those under white light. The results showed that the thickness of cucumber leaves, palisade and spongy tissues, palisade and spongy tissues, palisade/spongy tissues and palisade/spongy tissues were significantly affected by different ratios of red and blue light. The number and size of chloroplasts, grana thickness and lamellae, starch granule number and size decreased significantly, and P, K, Mn and Zn elements accumulated in leaves. Under blue light, the thickness of leaf, the thickness of chloroplast grana decreased, the thickness ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue increased, and the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Mn in leaves increased. The results showed that the combination of red and blue light was conducive to the morphological formation of cucumber leaves and chloroplasts, red and blue light were conducive to the accumulation of nutrient elements in Cucumber leaves. 3. Compared with white light, the flowering time of the first female flower of cucumber treated with red light was delayed by 8 days; the flowering time of the first female flower of cucumber treated with red and blue light was delayed by 2 days, the node position was reduced by 2 nodes, and the number of the first 20 female flowers was increased by 2 nodes; the flowering time of the first female flower of cucumber treated with blue light was delayed by 2 days. The results showed that red light delayed the flowering time of cucumber females, blue light delayed the differentiation time of cucumber females and decreased the nodal position of the first 5 females. The combination of red and blue light was beneficial to the decrease of the nodal position of the first female flower and the number of the first 20 females. Red light decreased photosynthetic efficiency of cucumber leaves, hindered the development of leaves and chloroplasts, and delayed the flowering time of female flowers, which was not conducive to the growth of cucumber plants; however, the combination of blue light and red-blue light could enhance photosynthetic characteristics of cucumber leaves, promote the formation of leaf and chloroplast morphology, and increase the number of female flowers of cucumber, which was beneficial. The growth of cucumber plants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S642.2
本文編號(hào)：2177844
[Abstract]:Light environment is very important to the normal growth of vegetable crops in protected agriculture. It can regulate the growth, quality and yield of vegetable by regulating light environment. How to effectively use light environment control technology to improve the growth and quality of protected vegetable products is an important problem to be solved urgently in sustainable protected agriculture at this stage. The effects of red and blue light quality (white light, red light, blue light, red and blue combined light) on photosynthetic electron transfer chain (PTC) properties, photochemical activities of photosystem II and I (PSII and PSI), leaf morphogenesis and material metabolism of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) were studied. The main results and conclusions are as follows: 1. The photosynthetic electron transfer chain and PS I I and PS I photochemical activities of cucumber leaves were significantly affected by different red and blue light ratios. The results showed that compared with white light, J, I, L-band, K-band and Wol (Wol < 1) in the OJIP curves of red light treatment were significantly increased, while PS I I and PS I were significantly increased. Intermediate photochemical quantum efficiency (II and I) and JIP-test parameters were significantly reduced, indicating that red light seriously inhibited the linear electron transfer from PSII to PSI, activated the ring electron transfer of PSI, and reduced the photochemical activity of PSII and PSI. The addition of blue light can effectively reduce these negative effects. Compared with red light, red-blue combined light treatment can significantly reduce these negative effects. The electron transfer ability of cucumber leaves from PSII primary electron acceptor (QA) to PSI increased by 175.6% and 126.9% respectively. The photosynthetic electron transfer performance and photosystem activity of Cucumber Leaves under blue light were basically consistent with those under white light. The results showed that the thickness of cucumber leaves, palisade and spongy tissues, palisade and spongy tissues, palisade/spongy tissues and palisade/spongy tissues were significantly affected by different ratios of red and blue light. The number and size of chloroplasts, grana thickness and lamellae, starch granule number and size decreased significantly, and P, K, Mn and Zn elements accumulated in leaves. Under blue light, the thickness of leaf, the thickness of chloroplast grana decreased, the thickness ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue increased, and the contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Mn in leaves increased. The results showed that the combination of red and blue light was conducive to the morphological formation of cucumber leaves and chloroplasts, red and blue light were conducive to the accumulation of nutrient elements in Cucumber leaves. 3. Compared with white light, the flowering time of the first female flower of cucumber treated with red light was delayed by 8 days; the flowering time of the first female flower of cucumber treated with red and blue light was delayed by 2 days, the node position was reduced by 2 nodes, and the number of the first 20 female flowers was increased by 2 nodes; the flowering time of the first female flower of cucumber treated with blue light was delayed by 2 days. The results showed that red light delayed the flowering time of cucumber females, blue light delayed the differentiation time of cucumber females and decreased the nodal position of the first 5 females. The combination of red and blue light was beneficial to the decrease of the nodal position of the first female flower and the number of the first 20 females. Red light decreased photosynthetic efficiency of cucumber leaves, hindered the development of leaves and chloroplasts, and delayed the flowering time of female flowers, which was not conducive to the growth of cucumber plants; however, the combination of blue light and red-blue light could enhance photosynthetic characteristics of cucumber leaves, promote the formation of leaf and chloroplast morphology, and increase the number of female flowers of cucumber, which was beneficial. The growth of cucumber plants.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S642.2
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 楊立文;付建新;亓帥;戴思蘭;;高等植物開(kāi)花時(shí)間的藍(lán)光調(diào)控:隱花色素介導(dǎo)的光信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)[J];分子植物育種;2015年02期
，本文編號(hào)：2177844
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